Abstract
α-Synuclein is a small neuronal protein that has been implicated to play an important role in Parkinsons disease. Genetic mutations and multiplications in the α-synuclein gene can cause familial forms of the disease. In aggregated fibrillar form, α-synuclein is the main component of Lewy bodies, the intraneuronal inclusion bodies characteristic of Parkinsons disease. The loss of functional dopaminergic neurons in Parkinsons disease may be caused by a gain in toxic function of the protein. Elucidating if this gain of toxic function is related to the aggregation of α-synuclein may be vital in understanding Parkinsons disease. Although there are many ideas on how α-synuclein could be involved in the disease, this review will focus on the amyloid pore hypothesis. This hypothesis assumes that aggregation intermediates or oligomers are more likely to be toxic than monomeric or fibrillar forms of the protein. Oligomeric species are thought to exercise their toxicity through permeabilization of cellular membranes. Membrane pore formation by an oligomeric intermediate might play a role in other neurodegenerative disorders in which protein aggregation and amyloid formation play a role, such as Alzheimers disease. We will discuss the role of this hypothesis in Parkinsons disease.
Keywords: α-Synuclein, amyloid, disruption, membrane, oligomer, Parkinson's disease, permeabilization, pore
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title: Membrane Interactions of Oligomeric Alpha-Synuclein: Potential Role in Parkinsons Disease
Volume: 11 Issue: 5
Author(s): Bart D. van Rooijen, Mireille M.A.E. Claessens and Vinod Subramaniam
Affiliation:
Keywords: α-Synuclein, amyloid, disruption, membrane, oligomer, Parkinson's disease, permeabilization, pore
Abstract: α-Synuclein is a small neuronal protein that has been implicated to play an important role in Parkinsons disease. Genetic mutations and multiplications in the α-synuclein gene can cause familial forms of the disease. In aggregated fibrillar form, α-synuclein is the main component of Lewy bodies, the intraneuronal inclusion bodies characteristic of Parkinsons disease. The loss of functional dopaminergic neurons in Parkinsons disease may be caused by a gain in toxic function of the protein. Elucidating if this gain of toxic function is related to the aggregation of α-synuclein may be vital in understanding Parkinsons disease. Although there are many ideas on how α-synuclein could be involved in the disease, this review will focus on the amyloid pore hypothesis. This hypothesis assumes that aggregation intermediates or oligomers are more likely to be toxic than monomeric or fibrillar forms of the protein. Oligomeric species are thought to exercise their toxicity through permeabilization of cellular membranes. Membrane pore formation by an oligomeric intermediate might play a role in other neurodegenerative disorders in which protein aggregation and amyloid formation play a role, such as Alzheimers disease. We will discuss the role of this hypothesis in Parkinsons disease.
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Cite this article as:
D. van Rooijen Bart, M.A.E. Claessens Mireille and Subramaniam Vinod, Membrane Interactions of Oligomeric Alpha-Synuclein: Potential Role in Parkinsons Disease, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2010; 11 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920310791330659
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920310791330659 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
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