Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL) for the Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agent (CWA) Dermal Exposure

M.      D. Schwartz; C.      G. Hurst; M.      A. Kirk; S.      J.D. Reedy; E.      H. Braue

Abstract

Rapid decontamination of the skin is the single most important action to prevent dermal absorption of chemical contaminants in persons exposed to chemical warfare agents (CWA) and toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) as a result of accidental or intentional release. Chemicals on the skin may be removed by mechanical means through the use of dry sorbents or water. Recent interest in decontamination systems which both partition contaminants away from the skin and actively neutralize the chemical has led to the development of several reactive decontamination solutions. This article will review the recently FDA-approved Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL) and will summarize the toxicity and efficacy studies conducted to date. Evidence of RSDL’s superior performance against vesicant and organophosphorus chemical warfare agents compared to water, bleach, and dry sorbents, suggests that RSDL may have a role in mass human exposure chemical decontamination in both the military and civilian arenas.

Keywords: VX, soman, vesicants, sulfur mustard, dermal, decontamination, reactive skin decontamination lotion, chemical warfare, Rapid decontamination, chemical warfare agents (CWA), toxic industrial chemicals (TICs), decontamination systems, several reactive decontamination solutions, Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL), Evidence of RSDL’s.