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Current Vascular Pharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1570-1611
ISSN (Online): 1875-6212

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Review Article

Cardiometabolic Risk, Peripheral Arterial Disease and Cardiovascular Events in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Time to Implement Systematic Screening and Update the Management

Author(s): Andrej Janez, Rok Herman, Pavel Poredos, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis, Ales Blinc, Miso Sabovic, Katica Bajuk Studen, Mateja Kaja Jezovnik, Gerit-Holger Schernthaner, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Pier Luigi Antignani and Mojca Jensterle*

Volume 21, Issue 6, 2023

Published on: 27 September, 2023

Page: [424 - 432] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/0115701611269146230920073301

Price: $65

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. It presents with gynaecologic, metabolic, and psychologic manifestations. The dominant drivers of pathophysiology are hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Both conditions are related to cardiometabolic risk factors, such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, type 2 and gestational diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obstructive sleep apnoea. Women with PCOS of reproductive age consistently demonstrated an elevated risk of subclinical atherosclerosis, as indicated by different measurement methods, while findings for menopausal age groups exhibited mixed results. Translation of subclinical atherosclerosis into the increased incidence of peripheral arterial disease and major cardiovascular (CV) events is less clear. Although several expert groups have advised screening, the CV risk assessment and prevention of CV events are frequently underdiagnosed and overlooked aspects of the management of PCOS. A combination of lifestyle management and pharmacotherapy, including the promising new era of anti-obesity medicine, can lead to improvements in cardiometabolic health.

Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, cardiovascular risk, cardiovascular events, cardiometabolic risk.

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