Abstract
The mucoadhesive microparticles (CHCNZ) composed of chitosan (CH) and cinnarizine (CNZ) hydrochloride were successfully prepared, in a process of solution-enhanced dispersion, by supercritical CO2 (SEDS) technique. Scanning electron microscopy was used to reveal the morphological characteristics of mucoadhesive microparticles. The average particle size of microparticles was in the range from 1.9 to 12.8 µm. In vitro and in vivo mucoadhesive tests showed that CHCNZ mucoadhesive microparticles adhered more strongly to gastric mucous layer. Thereby retaining in gastrointestinal tract for an extended period of time and exhibiting good mucoadhesive properties. The X-ray powder diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the SEDS process was an efficient physical coating process to produce CHCNZ composite microparticles. It also suggests that CNZ did not undergo chemical changes during the production of microparticles. The optimized batch exhibited a high drug entrapment efficiency of 67 % with particle size of 3.9 µm. A sustained pattern of drug release was obtained for more than 20 h. In vivo studies were carried out by administering orally cinnarizine HCl (CNZ) suspension and mucoadhesive microparticles to rabbits under fasted (for 12 h) conditions. The results showed that CNZ mucoadhesive microparticles had a better bioavailability than CNZ suspension due to longer retention in the gastric environment of the test animals.
Keywords: Cinnarizine HCl, microparticles, supercritical CO2, mucoadhesion, chitosan.
Current Drug Delivery
Title:Formulation and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Microparticles of Cinnarizine Hydrochloride Using Supercritical Fluid Technique
Volume: 10 Issue: 3
Author(s): Jayvadan K. Patel, Priyanka S. Patil and Vijaykumar B. Sutariya
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cinnarizine HCl, microparticles, supercritical CO2, mucoadhesion, chitosan.
Abstract: The mucoadhesive microparticles (CHCNZ) composed of chitosan (CH) and cinnarizine (CNZ) hydrochloride were successfully prepared, in a process of solution-enhanced dispersion, by supercritical CO2 (SEDS) technique. Scanning electron microscopy was used to reveal the morphological characteristics of mucoadhesive microparticles. The average particle size of microparticles was in the range from 1.9 to 12.8 µm. In vitro and in vivo mucoadhesive tests showed that CHCNZ mucoadhesive microparticles adhered more strongly to gastric mucous layer. Thereby retaining in gastrointestinal tract for an extended period of time and exhibiting good mucoadhesive properties. The X-ray powder diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the SEDS process was an efficient physical coating process to produce CHCNZ composite microparticles. It also suggests that CNZ did not undergo chemical changes during the production of microparticles. The optimized batch exhibited a high drug entrapment efficiency of 67 % with particle size of 3.9 µm. A sustained pattern of drug release was obtained for more than 20 h. In vivo studies were carried out by administering orally cinnarizine HCl (CNZ) suspension and mucoadhesive microparticles to rabbits under fasted (for 12 h) conditions. The results showed that CNZ mucoadhesive microparticles had a better bioavailability than CNZ suspension due to longer retention in the gastric environment of the test animals.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Patel Jayvadan K., Patil Priyanka S. and Sutariya Vijaykumar B., Formulation and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Microparticles of Cinnarizine Hydrochloride Using Supercritical Fluid Technique, Current Drug Delivery 2013; 10 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201811310030008
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201811310030008 |
Print ISSN 1567-2018 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5704 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of natural products, bio-actives and novel drug delivery system against emerging viral infections
Due to the increasing prevalence of viral infections and the ability of these human pathogens to develop resistance to current treatment strategies, there is a great need to find and develop new compounds to combat them. These molecules must have low toxicity, specific activity and high bioavailability. The most suitable ...read more
Electrospun Fibers as Drug Delivery Systems
In recent years, electrospun fibers have attracted considerable attention as potential platforms for drug delivery due to their distinctive properties and adaptability. These fibers feature a notable surface area-to-volume ratio and can be intentionally designed with high porosity, facilitating an increased capacity for drug loading and rendering them suitable for ...read more
Emerging Nanotherapeutics for Mitigation of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNS) present a significant hurdle due to limited access of both treatments and diagnostic tools for the brain. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a barrier, restricting the passage of molecules from the bloodstream into the brain. The most formidable challenge facing scientists is ...read more
Nanotechnology Based Chemotherapy for the treatment of Head & Neck Cancer
The escalating recurrence rates observed in Head and Neck cancer, particularly within the chemo-therapeutically treated cohort (50-60%), can be attributed to the non-selective nature of current anticancer drug delivery modalities. In this context, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems emerge as a promising avenue for achieving precise localization of therapeutic agents to ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
HIV-1 gp120 and Drugs of Abuse: Interactions in the Central Nervous System
Current HIV Research Amiodarone - A ‘Broad Spectrum’ Antiarrhythmic Drug
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Potential Biochemical Events Associated with Initiation of Labor
Current Medicinal Chemistry Protein Kinase CK2 in Human Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Beneficial and Adverse Effects of Molecularly Targeted Therapies for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in Central Nervous System
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Locked Nucleic Acid Holds Promise in the Treatment of Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Patch Clamp Technique in Ion Channel Research
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Structure and Function of Fbxo7/PARK15 in Parkinson's Disease
Current Protein & Peptide Science The Impending Renaissance in Discovery & Development of Natural Products
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pediatric Immunocompromised Hosts
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Biological Implications of Oxidation and Unidirectional Chiral Inversion of D-amino Acids
Current Drug Metabolism Targeting Insulin Signaling for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Radiolabelled Regulatory Peptides for Imaging and Therapy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Regression to the Mean: Implications for Clinical Trials of Psychotropic Agents in Dementia
Current Alzheimer Research Antipsychotics Management in Addictive Disorders
Current Psychopharmacology Alpha-Secretase As a Therapeutic Target
Current Alzheimer Research Molecular Hydrogen: New Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Reviewing the Cardiovascular Complications of HIV Infection After the Introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Recent Achievements in the Chemistry of 1,2-Diazines
Current Organic Chemistry Pharmacological Prevention and Treatment in Clinical At-Risk States for Psychosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design