Abstract
Patients with nephrotic syndrome are at increased risk for thromboembolic events such as deep venous and arterial thrombosis, renal vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. This thrombophilic phenomenon has been attributed to a “hypercoagulable” state in which an imbalance between naturally occurring pro-coagulant/pro-thrombotic factors and anti-coagulant/antithrombotic factors promotes in situ thrombosis in deep veins or arteries. Management of thromboembolic events may be divided in prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. Hypoalbuminemia is the most significant independent predictor factor of thrombotic risk, especially for values <2 g/dL. However, the most important question in these patients is whether to anticoagulate prophylactically or not. The decision depends on type of glomerulonephritis, proteinuria severity, other predisposing factors and prior history of thrombosis. Reviewing the recent literature, we suggest the best therapeutic management of anticoagulation for patients with nephrotic syndrome, focusing on prophylactic strategies.
Keywords: Arterial thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis, nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria, renal venous thrombosis, venous thromboembolism.
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title:Hypercoagulability and Nephrotic Syndrome
Volume: 12 Issue: 3
Author(s): Antonietta Gigante, Biagio Barbano, Liborio Sardo, Paola Martina, Maria L. Gasperini, Raffaella Labbadia, Marta Liberatori, Antonio Amoroso and Rosario Cianci
Affiliation:
Keywords: Arterial thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis, nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria, renal venous thrombosis, venous thromboembolism.
Abstract: Patients with nephrotic syndrome are at increased risk for thromboembolic events such as deep venous and arterial thrombosis, renal vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. This thrombophilic phenomenon has been attributed to a “hypercoagulable” state in which an imbalance between naturally occurring pro-coagulant/pro-thrombotic factors and anti-coagulant/antithrombotic factors promotes in situ thrombosis in deep veins or arteries. Management of thromboembolic events may be divided in prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. Hypoalbuminemia is the most significant independent predictor factor of thrombotic risk, especially for values <2 g/dL. However, the most important question in these patients is whether to anticoagulate prophylactically or not. The decision depends on type of glomerulonephritis, proteinuria severity, other predisposing factors and prior history of thrombosis. Reviewing the recent literature, we suggest the best therapeutic management of anticoagulation for patients with nephrotic syndrome, focusing on prophylactic strategies.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Gigante Antonietta, Barbano Biagio, Sardo Liborio, Martina Paola, Gasperini L. Maria, Labbadia Raffaella, Liberatori Marta, Amoroso Antonio and Cianci Rosario, Hypercoagulability and Nephrotic Syndrome, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2014; 12 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016111203140518172048
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016111203140518172048 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Isolation, Synthesis and Biomimetic Reactions of Metalloporphyrinoids in Ionic Liquids
Current Organic Synthesis Prevalence and Related Factors of Sarcopenia in Community-dwelling Elderly with Long-term Care Insurance
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Fc-independent Phagocytosis: Implications for IVIG and other Therapies in Immune-mediated Thrombocytopenia
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Wave Intensity Analysis in the Human Coronary Circulation in Health and Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews The Roles of MicroRNAs in Atherosclerosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry Editorial: Liraglutide and Cardiometabolic Effects: More than Just Another Antiobesity Drug?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Pathophysiological Role and Clinical Significance of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub>) Bound to LDL and HDL
Current Pharmaceutical Design Phytochemicals: Potential in Management of Climacteric Neurobiology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Progress and Prospects of Stem Cells in Treatment of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews The Role of Mass Spectrometry in the “Omics” Era
Current Organic Chemistry Linc01638 Promotes Tumorigenesis in HER2+ Breast Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Orthotopic Heart Transplantation in Patients with Univentricular Physiology
Current Cardiology Reviews A Review of Recent Patents (2016-2019) on Plant Food Supplements with Potential Application in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Disorders
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Infective Endocarditis: Current Data and Implications on Prophylaxis and Management
Current Pharmaceutical Design Allograft-Induced Proliferation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Potential Targets for Treating Transplant Vasculopathy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Ranolazine and its Antiarrhythmic Actions
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Passive Smoking, Endothelial Dysfunction and Related Markers in Healthy Individuals: An Update
Current Hypertension Reviews The Stroke-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption: Current Progress of Inspection Technique, Mechanism, and Therapeutic Target
Current Neuropharmacology The Complement Cascade: New Avenues in Stroke Therapy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Vitamin D in Acute Kidney Injury
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued)