Abstract
Picornaviruses are important human pathogens causing severe morbidity and some mortality with the potential to cause worldwide crippling disease. Currently, there are few treatments for many of the viruses in the Picornaviridae, For rhinoviruses, there are no approved treatments, although ruprintrivir looks promising in clinical trials and pyridazinyl oxime ethers may prove useful. Poliovirus treatments are needed to supplement the World Health Organizations polio eradication plan in order to treat infections caused by reversion of the attenuated vaccine virus and to supplement vaccine coverage control in polio endemic areas. However, no promising compounds for treatment of poliovirus have been developed due to the efficacy of the vaccines in use. Broad-spectrum inhibitors developed for other picornavirus may be useful for poliovirus infections. Coxsackievirus infections in children and in infants are being treated with pleconaril with some efficacy in reducing mortality and improving recovery, albeit the treatment is often on a compassionate use basis. There are no therapies for echovirus infections. Very little drug discovery research is being done to develop inhibitors for echovirus infections, probably due to the broad-spectrum inhibition exhibited by capsid binding agents and protease inhibitors discovered for treatment of other picornaviruses. For example, pyridazinyl oxime ethers are inhibitory to most echoviruses. Treatments for enterovirus infections are also limited, although in a small clinical trial, milrinone seemed to reduce mortality and improve recovery from EV71-induced pulmonary edema. Thus, these results strongly emphasize the need for the development of potent and nontoxic compounds for the treatment of picornavirus infections.
Keywords: therapy, antiviral, enterovirus, poliovirus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, rhinovirus, Picornavirus
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Current Status of Anti-Picornavirus Therapies
Volume: 12 Issue: 11
Author(s): Dale L. Barnard
Affiliation:
Keywords: therapy, antiviral, enterovirus, poliovirus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, rhinovirus, Picornavirus
Abstract: Picornaviruses are important human pathogens causing severe morbidity and some mortality with the potential to cause worldwide crippling disease. Currently, there are few treatments for many of the viruses in the Picornaviridae, For rhinoviruses, there are no approved treatments, although ruprintrivir looks promising in clinical trials and pyridazinyl oxime ethers may prove useful. Poliovirus treatments are needed to supplement the World Health Organizations polio eradication plan in order to treat infections caused by reversion of the attenuated vaccine virus and to supplement vaccine coverage control in polio endemic areas. However, no promising compounds for treatment of poliovirus have been developed due to the efficacy of the vaccines in use. Broad-spectrum inhibitors developed for other picornavirus may be useful for poliovirus infections. Coxsackievirus infections in children and in infants are being treated with pleconaril with some efficacy in reducing mortality and improving recovery, albeit the treatment is often on a compassionate use basis. There are no therapies for echovirus infections. Very little drug discovery research is being done to develop inhibitors for echovirus infections, probably due to the broad-spectrum inhibition exhibited by capsid binding agents and protease inhibitors discovered for treatment of other picornaviruses. For example, pyridazinyl oxime ethers are inhibitory to most echoviruses. Treatments for enterovirus infections are also limited, although in a small clinical trial, milrinone seemed to reduce mortality and improve recovery from EV71-induced pulmonary edema. Thus, these results strongly emphasize the need for the development of potent and nontoxic compounds for the treatment of picornavirus infections.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Barnard L. Dale, Current Status of Anti-Picornavirus Therapies, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2006; 12 (11) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206776361129
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206776361129 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Exosomal MiR-29a in Cardiomyocytes Induced by Angiotensin II Regulates
Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Migration and
Angiogenesis by Targeting VEGFA
Current Gene Therapy Editorial [Hot Topic: Modifying Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Epidemiology and Characteristics of Hypertension-Related Disorders (Executive Guest Editor: Aurelio Leone)]
Current Pharmaceutical Design Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Modulating Non-epigenetic Players: The Novel Mechanism for Small Molecule Based Therapeutic Intervention
Current Drug Targets Testosterone and Cardioprotection Against Myocardial Ischemia
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Cardiolipin Metabolism and the Role it Plays in Heart Failure and Mitochondrial Supercomplex Formation
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Decoding the Transcriptional Response to Ischemic Stroke in Obese and Non-obese Mice Brain
Current Neurovascular Research Nimodipine Reappraised: An Old Drug With a Future
Current Neuropharmacology Platelets in Atherothrombosis - Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Platelet Activation in Patients with Atherosclerotic Diseases
Current Vascular Pharmacology Prevalence of Major Cardiac Events of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Southwestern Iran: Different Response Patterns to Cumulative Dose
Current Drug Therapy Periostin as a Heterofunctional Regulator of Cardiac Development and Disease
Current Genomics Bariatric Surgery: Indications, Safety and Efficacy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Prognostic Relevance of Metabolic Approach in Patients with Heart Failure
Current Pharmaceutical Design Treatment of Fabry Disease: Current and Emerging Strategies
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Endothelial (Dys)Function in Lone Atrial Fibrillation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Potential Application of Non-flavonoid Phenolics in Diabetes: Antiinflammatory Effects
Current Medicinal Chemistry Role of Oxidative Stress in Development of Cardiovascular Complications in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Vascular Pharmacology Current Status in Iron Chelation in Hemoglobinopathies
Current Molecular Medicine Cytochrome P450 and the Biological Clock in Mammals
Current Drug Metabolism Innate Immunity and the Heart
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cardioembolic Stroke: Clinical Features, Specific Cardiac Disorders and Prognosis
Current Cardiology Reviews