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Title: Adsorption of aniline and toluidines on montmorillonite: Implications for the disposal of shale oil production wastes

Abstract

Bentonite clay liners are commonly employed to mitigate the movement of contaminants from waste disposal sites. Solid and liquid waste materials that arise from the production of shale oil contain a vast array of organic compounds. Common among these compounds are the aromatic amines. in order to assess the ability of clay liner material to restrict organic compound mobility, the adsorption of aniline and o-, m-, and p-toluidine on Ca{sup 2+} - and K{sup +}-saturated Wyoming bentonite was investigated. Adsorption experiments were performed under conditions of varied pH, ionic strength, and dominate electrolyte cation and anion. organic adsorption on Ca{sup 2+} - and K{sup +}-saturated montmorillonite is pH dependent. For any given organic compound, maximum adsorption increases with decreasing ionic strength. organic compound adsorption is inhibited in the presence of sulfate and is greater in the Ca{sup 2+} systems than in the K{sup +} systems at any given ionic strength. High salt content and K{sup +} collapse the bentonite layers and limit access to and compete for adsorption sites. The K{sup +} ion is also more difficult to displace than Ca{sup 2+} from interlayer positions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic data show that the aniline compounds are adsorbed on bentonite throughmore » the hydrogen bonding of an amine hydrogen to a surface silica oxygen. Sulfate reduces amine adsorption by removing positively charged anilinium species from solution to form negatively charge sulfate complexes. Although adsorption of the substituted amines on bentonite is observed, aniline and toluidine adsorption is minimal in saline systems and not detected in alkaline systems. Thus, in shale oil process waste disposal sites, the mobility of the anilines through bentonite liners will not be mitigated by sorption processes, as spent oil shale leachates are both highly alkaline and saline.« less

Authors:
; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Western Research Inst., Laramie, WY (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
10133217
Report Number(s):
DOE/MC/11076-3198
ON: DE93000237
DOE Contract Number:  
FC21-86MC11076
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Resource Relation:
Other Information: PBD: Jan 1992
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS; OIL SHALE PROCESSING PLANTS; WASTE DISPOSAL; BENTONITE; SORPTIVE PROPERTIES; ANILINE; ADSORPTION; TOLUIDINES; SOLID WASTES; LIQUID WASTES; LINERS; CLAYS; SPENT SHALES; LEACHING; PH VALUE; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; 040900; WASTE MANAGEMENT

Citation Formats

Essington, M E, Bowen, J M, Wills, R A, and Hart, B K. Adsorption of aniline and toluidines on montmorillonite: Implications for the disposal of shale oil production wastes. United States: N. p., 1992. Web. doi:10.2172/10133217.
Essington, M E, Bowen, J M, Wills, R A, & Hart, B K. Adsorption of aniline and toluidines on montmorillonite: Implications for the disposal of shale oil production wastes. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/10133217
Essington, M E, Bowen, J M, Wills, R A, and Hart, B K. 1992. "Adsorption of aniline and toluidines on montmorillonite: Implications for the disposal of shale oil production wastes". United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/10133217. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/10133217.
@article{osti_10133217,
title = {Adsorption of aniline and toluidines on montmorillonite: Implications for the disposal of shale oil production wastes},
author = {Essington, M E and Bowen, J M and Wills, R A and Hart, B K},
abstractNote = {Bentonite clay liners are commonly employed to mitigate the movement of contaminants from waste disposal sites. Solid and liquid waste materials that arise from the production of shale oil contain a vast array of organic compounds. Common among these compounds are the aromatic amines. in order to assess the ability of clay liner material to restrict organic compound mobility, the adsorption of aniline and o-, m-, and p-toluidine on Ca{sup 2+} - and K{sup +}-saturated Wyoming bentonite was investigated. Adsorption experiments were performed under conditions of varied pH, ionic strength, and dominate electrolyte cation and anion. organic adsorption on Ca{sup 2+} - and K{sup +}-saturated montmorillonite is pH dependent. For any given organic compound, maximum adsorption increases with decreasing ionic strength. organic compound adsorption is inhibited in the presence of sulfate and is greater in the Ca{sup 2+} systems than in the K{sup +} systems at any given ionic strength. High salt content and K{sup +} collapse the bentonite layers and limit access to and compete for adsorption sites. The K{sup +} ion is also more difficult to displace than Ca{sup 2+} from interlayer positions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic data show that the aniline compounds are adsorbed on bentonite through the hydrogen bonding of an amine hydrogen to a surface silica oxygen. Sulfate reduces amine adsorption by removing positively charged anilinium species from solution to form negatively charge sulfate complexes. Although adsorption of the substituted amines on bentonite is observed, aniline and toluidine adsorption is minimal in saline systems and not detected in alkaline systems. Thus, in shale oil process waste disposal sites, the mobility of the anilines through bentonite liners will not be mitigated by sorption processes, as spent oil shale leachates are both highly alkaline and saline.},
doi = {10.2172/10133217},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/10133217}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1992},
month = {Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1992}
}