Critical review: Radionuclide transport, sediment transport, and water quality mathematical modeling; and radionuclide adsorption/desorption mechanisms
- Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)
This report describes the results of a detailed literature review of radionuclide transport models applicable to rivers, estuaries, coastal waters, the Great Lakes, and impoundments. Some representatives sediment transport and water quality models were also reviewed to evaluate if they can be readily adapted to radionuclide transport modeling. The review showed that most available transport models were developed for dissolved radionuclide in rivers. These models include the mechanisms of advection, dispersion, and radionuclide decay. Since the models do not include sediment and radionuclide interactions, they are best suited for simulating short-term radionuclide migration where: (1) radionuclides have small distribution coefficients; (2) sediment concentrations in receiving water bodies are very low. Only 5 of the reviewed models include full sediment and radionuclide interactions: CHMSED developed by Fields; FETRA SERATRA, and TODAM developed by Onishi et al, and a model developed by Shull and Gloyna. The 5 models are applicable to cases where: (1) the distribution coefficient is large; (2) sediment concentrations are high; or (3) long-term migration and accumulation are under consideration. The report also discusses radionuclide absorption/desorption distribution ratios and addresses adsorption/desorption mechanisms and their controlling processes for 25 elements under surface water conditions. These elements are: Am, Sb, C, Ce, Cm, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, I, Fe, Mn, Np, P, Pu, Pm, Ra, Ru, Sr, Tc, Th, {sup 3}H, U, Zn and Zr.
- Research Organization:
- Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States). Div. of Safeguards, Fuel Cycle and Environmental Research; Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 10125120
- Report Number(s):
- NUREG/CR-1322; PNL-2901; ON: TI94007046
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: Jan 1981
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS//MATHEMATICS, COMPUTING, AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
SEDIMENTS
RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION
ESTUARIES
RIVERS
COASTAL WATERS
SORPTION
C CODES
F CODES
S CODES
T CODES
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
WATER QUALITY
DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS
ADSORPTION
DESORPTION
SURFACE WATERS
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
540330
990200
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS MONITORING AND TRANSPORT
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS