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Levetiracetam in Childhood Epilepsy

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Abstract

Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug that has been shown to be effective in various types of seizures, both partial and generalized. Although it is not yet well established because of the small number of studies, levetiracetam as both add-on therapy and monotherapy can be considered as an alternative to valproic acid in some pediatric patients. We have reviewed the available data on the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of levetiracetam in children with epilepsy. The efficacy of levetiracetam as an adjunctive therapy and as monotherapy for generalized and partial childhood epilepsies and for some types of specific epileptic syndromes of infancy and childhood (such as juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, benign rolandic epilepsy, and Jeavon syndrome) has been demonstrated in some studies. Moreover, levetiracetam may be a valuable option for children with refractory epilepsy. The reported tolerability of levetiracetam and its safety profile are favorable. Among the side effects reported, behavioral changes and even psychotic reactions seem to occur more frequently in younger patients (under 4 years of age). The onset of signs/symptoms usually occurs early, even during the titration phase, and, in many cases, at a low dosage (<20 mg/kg/day). These side effects were always observed to be reversible after discontinuation of levetiracetam.

In conclusion, results from clinical trials to date suggest that levetiracetam has a full spectrum of efficacy as well as a favorable safety profile, and this drug can be considered a valuable option in the treatment of epilepsy in pediatric patients.

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Acknowledgements

No sources of funding were used to assist in the preparation of this review. The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this review. The authors confirm that they have read the journal’s position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this article is consistent with those guidelines.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy

    Alberto Verrotti, Ebe D’Adamo & Francesco Chiarelli

  2. Department of Paediatrics, II Faculty of Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

    Pasquale Parisi

  3. Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Paolo Curatolo

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  1. Alberto Verrotti
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  2. Ebe D’Adamo
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  3. Pasquale Parisi
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  4. Francesco Chiarelli
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  5. Paolo Curatolo
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Correspondence to Alberto Verrotti.

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Verrotti, A., D’Adamo, E., Parisi, P. et al. Levetiracetam in Childhood Epilepsy. Pediatr-Drugs 12, 177–186 (2010). https://doi.org/10.2165/11316250-000000000-00000

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