COVID-19 и поражение легких у больных ожирением: результаты проспективного исследования

Введение. Новая коронавирусная инфекция продолжает быть актуальной проблемой здравоохранения во  всем мире. В настоящий момент требуют изучения последствия перенесенной COVID-19.

Цель. Изучить клинические особенности, степень выраженности поражения легких у пациентов с разной массой тела через 12 нед. после перенесенной новой коронавирусной инфекции с поражением легких.

Материалы и  методы. В  проспективное исследование включены 52  пациента  (28  женщин, 24  мужчины в  возрасте 63,4 ± 13,3 [30–84] года), госпитализированных в терапевтическое отделение УКБ №1 Сеченовского Университета спустя 3 мес. после перенесенной COVID-19 с поражением легких КТ-3 или КТ-4. Оценивали потребность в респираторной поддержке, степень поражения легочной ткани по данным мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии легких (МСКТ), результаты спирометрии с  DLCO, данные 6-минутного теста с  ходьбой  (6MWT). Анализ показателей осуществляли с  учетом индекса массы тела (ИМТ), который использовался как критерий определения избыточной массы тела и ожирения.

Результаты. Пациентов, страдающих ожирением, одышка и кашель спустя 12 нед. после перенесенного заболевания беспокоили чаще. Выявлено, что высокий ИМТ достоверно влиял на диффузионную способность легких у пациентов после перенесенной COVID-ассоциированной пневмонии, сохранение патологических паттернов по результатам проведенной МСКТ.

Выводы. Ожирение – это не только фактор риска тяжелого течения COVID-19, но и во многом причина, определяющая длительную реабилитацию пациентов после перенесенной инфекции.

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