REVIEW ON PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Amit Rajput 1 and Prof. Arvind Pathak 2 . 1. PG Scholar, ShriRam College of Engineering & management, Banmore. M. P. 2. Professor, ShriRam College of Engineering & management, Banmore. M. P. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History


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Shell and tube type heat exchanger is consist of a shell having no of tube arrange in a systematic manner inside it .The fluid which is to be cooled flow inside the tube and other fluid which absorb heat from this fluid remain surrounding of the tube and continuously circulated from its source to sink.
Plate type Heat Exchangers operate in very much similar to the shell and tube heat exchanger but here in plate type heat exchanger no of plates are used to transfer heat in place of tubes . Material of plate being used is depends upon the fluid which is to be cooled .This type of heat exchanger is being used in large scale industry.
Air Cooled Heat Exchangers are generally used in vehicles or other mobile applications where availability of water is very poor or the hardness of water is very high. Ambient air plays the role of fluid which abstract heat from the fluid by convection method. Cost of This type of heat exchanger is very low.
Literature Review:-A Study of literature have don in which it found that .
Christopher Ian Wright [1] analyzed the effective management of heat transfer fluid flash point temperature using a Light End Removal Kit (LERK). In case of heat exchangers, the building-up of light ends is found in the heat transfer fluids. These light-ends results in fire hazards causing a major problem. A LERK has been installed to prevent the formation of the light ends. The effectiveness of the LERK in restoring the mean closed flash point temperature to stable levels is observed. These mean values are found close to the values of virgin HTF. Installing the LERK not only increases the life of a heat transfer fluid, but also avoids the need for regular dilutions to raise the flash point temperature Weikla et al. [2] had performed a comparative study of two types of heat exchangers namely Shell and Tube heat exchanger (STHE) and Coil wound heat exchanger (CWHE) for the special service conditions (molten salt service). Furthermore, the applications of these CWHE in the thermal energy storage plants are analyzed. The results obtained are that the CWHE have advantages over the STHE for the reasons like less heat transfer area, lower pressure drop, lower pumping cost and less number of shells and piping. These configurations have advantages like prevention against thermal shocks Tonio Sant et al. [3] had done the discussion about the analysis of the wind powered system using the thermocline thermal energy of the sea water. The cold water (deep sea water) and the hotter are utilized in tapping the thermal energy with assistance of hydraulic turbine and heat exchanger. The water to be supplied for the purpose of cooling/ heating the buildings in townships is conditioned as per requirements using the heat exchangers Guo-yan Zhon et al. [4] proposed a simple model to predict the temperature distribution in the shell and Tube heat exchanger by using the basis of differential theory. Based on the baffle arrangements and number of tube passes, the heat exchanger has been divided into number of small elements. The tube side current is considered series and shell side current is parallel. Two heat exchangers (AES and BEU) are considered for analysis by using the Cell model and Heat Transfer Research Incorporations (HTRI) method. From this paper, it is seen that the HTRI method used for predicting temperature of heat exchangers is more accurate. This model agrees for the heat exchangers with straight tubes or U-tubes while the Cell model is limited for the cases of straight tubes Saneipoor et al. [5] had done an analysis of heat transfer with the Manroch heat engine using water/ glycol mixture as the working fluid. Four shell and tube exchangers are used in this experiment. The shell side fluid is the compressed air and the tube side fluid is water/ glycol (propylene glycol) mixture. The transient heat transfer analysis has been done as the hot fluid after passing through one set of heat exchangers become cold fluid and then sent through another set of heat exchangers. This procedure can be used for studying the heat exchangers working under transient conditions Neda Gilani et al. [6] analyzed a direct evaporative cooler with various indoor and outdoor air conditions. Mathematical modeling has been carried out and the thermal comfort conditions have been achieved. By raising the relative humidity of air, a smaller heat exchanger can be utilized for the heat transfer purposes. It is found that the thermal comfort conditions achieved when the temperatures and relative humidity are in the prescribed ranges (27-47 C nd 10-60 %), restricts the physical characteristics and geometry of the evaporative cooler 1263 Nopparat Katkhawa et al. [7] studied the different types of dimple arrangements and dimple intervals. They studied the heat transfer characteristics in case of external flow conditions. The stream of air flows over the heated surface with dimples. The velocity of air stream varies from 1 to 5 m/s. The temperature of the air stream and dimpled surfaces were measured. Since the usage of baffles, fins and turbulizers for the conventional enhanced heat transfer approaches results in a significant pressure drop of the stream, the dimples are preferred. In this paper, the dimple arrangements (staggered and inline) with various dimple pitches are compared and studied. The staggered dimple arrangement (Dimple pitches -S L / D minor = 1.875 and S T / D minor = 1.875) had been found to provide optimal thermal resistance about 21.7% better than flat plate Eiamsa-ard et al. [8] assessed the thermal performance of a heat exchanger tube equipped with regularly-spaced twisted tapes as swirl generators. The factors like heat transfer, friction factors and thermal performance factors in a heat exchanger are reported in case of a heat exchanger provided with the regularly -spaced twisted tape (RS-TT) across fluid flow. This is studied in comparison with the effect of full length twisted tape. Further, the physical behavior of fluid flow, fluid temperature and Nusselt number are observed. The observations from this paper is that the full length twisted tapes showed higher heat transfer rate, thermal performance factors and friction factors Hitami et al. [9] had done the numerical study of the finned type heat exchangers for IC Engines exhaust waste heat recovery. Two cases of heat exchangers are studied as follows: one type of heat exchanger is used in the Spark ignition exhaust recovery system and another type of heat exchanger is used in the Compression ignition exhaust recovery system. The Compression engine heat recovery system has water as cold fluid while in case of the Spark ignition system, a mixture of water (50%) and ethylene glycol (50%) has been used as cold fluid.
Shengqiang Bai et al. [10] analyzed the exhaust heat exchangers used in automobile thermo electric generators. The major disadvantages of the heat recovering exchangers are that pressure drop of the fluids. A comparative study has been made between six different models of heat exchangers. The experiments have been conducted with 1.2L gasoline. From this study, it is concluded that the exchangers with 7 baffles provided maximum heat transfer with a considerable pressure drop of fluid Vahabzadeh et al. [11] had done the analytical investigation of porous pin fins with variable sections in fully wet conditions. The paper holds the investigations for the temperature distribution, efficiency, heat transfer rate and optimization of the porous pin fins in fully wet conditions. The aluminium made fins are used and they are tip insulated. The temperature of fin determines the heat transfer coefficient. Using the energy balance, Darcy model and Least Square Method (LSM), the analytical solution for temperature distribution is obtained. The geometric and thermo graphical parameters (power index for geometry, porosity, Biot number and relative humidity) are analyzed.

Sunil Chamoli [12]
had performed a Taguchi experimental design to optimize the design parameters for the rectangular channel with V down perforated baffle turbulators. The design parameters considered were open area ratio, Reynolds number, relative roughness height and relative roughness pitch along with Nusselt number and friction. The aim of this analysis is to maximize heat transfer and minimize pressure drop with this configuration. Experimental results are checked with optimal values. The Reynolds number and the relative roughness height for corresponding Nusselt number and friction are found to be the most affecting parameters Srinivasan et al. [13] had investigated the ways to improve the effectiveness of the shell and tube heat exchangers by implementation of Six sigma DMAIC (Define-Measure-Analysis-Improve-Control). Define phasethe Critical to Quality (CTQ) parameters are identified. Measure Phasethe effectiveness of the exchanger has been measured as 0.61. Analysis Phasethe reasons for the effectiveness reductions are identified. Improve Phase -Existing design has been modified by brainstorming and the solutions are identified. Control Phase -Strategies are recommended for improving performance. The effectiveness of the exchangers has been improved by recovering the heat energy of the exhaust (flue) gas by using the circular fins rolled over the tubes. The monetary profit achieved by following these strategies is about Rs. 0.34 million/ year . Jiin-Yuh Jang et al. [14] conducted an analysis regarding the span angle and location of the vortex generators provided in a plate fin and tube heat exchanger with in-line and staggered arrangements. Block type vortex generators are mounted behind these tubes. Comparing the plain surface and surface with vortex generators, the area reduction ratio is better in surface with vortex generators. Span angle range considered for vortex generators is from 30° to 60° and transverse location (L y ) range is from 2mm to 20mm. In-line arrangements in above exchangers is 1264 considered to be more effective regarding heat transfer enhancements Abed et al. [15] studied numerically the enhancement of heat transfer in the channel V-shaped wavy lower plate using liquid nanofluids. The range of Reynolds number studied is about 8000 -20000(Re). The effects of different types of nanoparticles (Al 2 O 3 , CuO, SiO 2 and ZnO) along with the study fluid are studied. Furthermore, the effects of different volume fractions (range 0-4%) of these nanoparticles are studied. It is found that the heat transfer was enhanced with the increase of the concentrations of the nanoparticles in the base fluids. The SiO 2 -glycerin has the highest value of Nusselt number. The glycerin based nanofluids have greater heat transfer enhancements Ali Najah Al-Shamani et al. [16] conducted an investigation regarding the heat transfer due to turbulent flow of nanofluids (base fluid with nanoparticles Al 2 O 3 , CuO, ZnO and SiO 2 ) through rib-groove channel. Under constant temperature range, the computations are performed for different types of nanoparticles with different volume fractions (range 1-4%) using four different rib-groove shapes. The conclusion obtained from the paper is that the trapezoidal with increasing height in the flow direction Rib-Isosceles Trapezoidal groove (Trap + R-Trap G) provides the highest Nusselt number and best heat transfer rate Iniyan et al. [17] used a condensing unit of the air conditioner to analyze the heat transfer enhancement performance of nanofluid (Al 2 O 3 / water and CuO/ water). The condenser consists of a tube in tube setup configurations. The cooling medium used in the analysis is nanofluid flowing in the outer side of the tube of condenser. The results from the study are summed up as that the CuO/ water nanofluid has more heat transfer rate than Al 2 O 3 / water nanofluid. The Nusselt number of CuO/ water nanofluid had found to be 39.4% higher than the base fluid Dustin R. Ray et al. [18] had done a comparative study regarding the heat transfer performance of three nanofluids. These nanofluids have the same base fluid (60:40 ethylene glycol and water by mass) with different nanoparticles like Al 2 O 3 , CuO and SiO 2 . This similar condition has been found in the cases of Automobile radiators. Some parameters like pumping power, heat transfer coefficients and surface area reductions are considered for the study. Nanofluid exhibits better heat transfer enhancement at 1% volumetric concentration. Among all the three nanofluids, the Al 2 O 3 nanofluid exhibited the optimal conditions like the reduction of surface area by 7.4% and pumping power by 35.3% Yanhui Hana et al. [19] had investigated about these exchangers. These heat exchangers have higher heat transfer rate, lower cost and compact size. This paper holds the discussion about the optimization of the MCHX and the analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. An attempt to reduce their weights is carried out. After the study of micro channel heat exchangers in depth, many problems related to industries can be resolved Mushtaq Ismael Hasan et al. [20] had studied the axial heat conduction characteristics of a microchannel heat exchanger. The isosceles right triangular heat exchanger is considered for the study. Mathematical analysis of the heat conduction in separating wall for incompressible, 3D, laminar, steady state flow is performed. Using finite volume and hybrid differencing scheme, the various parameters which have effect on axial heat conduction were determined. The increasing of the parameters like Reynolds number (Re), thickness of separating wall (t s ) and thermal conductivity ratio (K r ) shows increase in the axial heat conduction. Further, the increasing of parameters like channel volume and the hydraulic diameter (D h ) decreases the axial heat conduction Manglik et al. [21] had done an investigation regarding the forced convection of air in the interfin paths of plate-fin he t exch ngers. A dimensionless p r meter (Ω), which is the r tio of the rel tive fluid-fin material conductance to the fin-size aspect ratio, has been considered. The fin conduction is also studied for the system. The plate-fins and partitions made of copper and stainless steel materials are used for analysis. This work provides a first kind of analysis and optimization about the fin effects in the heat transfer

Conclusion:-
In this review paper, the discussion had been done about the various configurations for the heat transfer enhancement. Further, the usage of various nanoparticles in the base fluid for the heat transfer enhancement along with these configurations had been studied. A review on the compact heat exchangers had been also done to extract some useful facts regarding heat transfer. It is found that no has analyse the performance of heat exchanger on the basis of parameters which can make change in the result of outcomes. Hance a optimisational study is required .

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Future Scope:-Based on the conclusions drawn from the above literature review, the following works related to the heat exchangers can be taken up in future.
The analysis can be done with different parameters and different arrangements. A mathematical modeling can be done for optimum level of performance of heat exchanger.