SMART WHEELCHAIR/VEHICLE FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED PEOPLE WITH REVERSE GEAR OPERATION

This paper aims to design the vehicle for the physically challenged person with reverse gear system. This proposed vehicle helps them not to believe any third persons to require a reverse gear. Here we used "tumbler gear” mechanism for our prototype where the gear is accustomed by changing the direction of gear. It contains two gears which place in parallel by changing their position with motor direction; that are often changed but in real time application we'd wish to use ideal gear system with gear box. Also the bike contains ultrasonic sensor which supports echo signals to supply alert on taking reverse to avoid collision between other object. This technique also contains "GPS" which help their family to locate the position of the physically challenged person just easily. In case of any emergency, an ultrasonic sensor, GPS module and relay circuits are employed to drive the motor in our prototype.

This paper aims to design the vehicle for the physically challenged person with reverse gear system. This proposed vehicle helps them not to believe any third persons to require a reverse gear. Here we used "tumbler gear" mechanism for our prototype where the gear is accustomed by changing the direction of gear. It contains two gears which place in parallel by changing their position with motor direction; that are often changed but in real time application we'd wish to use ideal gear system with gear box. Also the bike contains ultrasonic sensor which supports echo signals to supply alert on taking reverse to avoid collision between other object. This technique also contains "GPS" which help their family to locate the position of the physically challenged person just easily. In case of any emergency, an ultrasonic sensor, GPS module and relay circuits are employed to drive the motor in our prototype.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Introduction:-
Nowadays while crossing in many situations, we can see that the physically challenged people are really struggling to reverse their vehicle where they actually need an assistance of individuals. We partially proposed a solution for them where the vehicle can work with reverse direction using "Tumbler Gear" mechanism but once we attend normal motor bike we'd wish to suit a gear box with ideal gear, allow us to we see how it works.

Tumbler gear
The mechanism serves as the neighborhood and wont to transfer one quite motion into other types. There are many types of mechanisms. The tumbler gear is typically used to change the direction of feed rod and lead screw. The mechanism is usually described as a gathering of drugs wheels which is employed to reverse the direction of rotation of any machinery. During this mechanism, the technique used is, increasing the amount of engaged gear which can be easily performed.
The below diagram is clearly explaining the tumbler gear concept. When the liver connected with gear "A" is in normal position and rotates during a forward direction. The liver "B" is connected to the motor and rotates in backward direction. Mechanism Back gears (BG) mounted on an eccentric shaft is handled to rotate an eccentric mounting shaft which engages the rear gears Pin (P) to attach and disconnect Bull Wheel and V-pulley. Lathe uses stud and nut arrangement instead of a pinfor a quick-release fitting. During a Bull Wheel condition, the locating plunger will undergo the front face of the headstock casting. The rear gear could also be a clever but essentially Corresponding Author:-M. Selvaganapathy Address:-Asst. Professor, Dept. of ECE, CK College of Engineering and Technology, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu. 1032 simple mechanism probably conceived around 1817 by Richard Roberts, an English engineer and prolific inventor. If you've to read subsequent several time to understand how it works, don't be concerned , everybody does within the image below (a 1934 Atlas lathe) the 4-step V-pulley (V) features alittle gear (SG) permanently attached to its smaller end. The entire length of V-pulley and kit are bushed -and prepared to rotate freely on the headstock spindle. Objective:-

General Objective
The general objective of the research is to design the user friendly vehicle for physically challenged people.
Specific Objective: 1. The specific objective of the research includes: 2. To improve the system with tumble gear mechanism. 3. To design the system with collision avoidance facility. 4. To build the GPS enabled system for the location tracking of the physically challenged people.

Block Diagram
The

Hardware Components Ultrasonic sensor
An ultasonic sensor emits an ultra sound at 40 MHz. These waves will travel through the air and if any objects or obstacle occurs on its path then it'll recover to the module. Considering the quantity of some time and thus the speed of the sound you'll calculate the space. The sensor has 4 pins: Ground Pin, VCC Pin, Trigger Pin and an Echo Pin. Rock bottom and thus the VCC pins of the module must be connected to rock bottom and thus the 5 volts pins on the Arduino Board respectively. So on get the ultrasound you'd wish to line the Trig on a High State for 10 µs which send 8 cyclic burst which travels at a speed of sound and it might be received with the Echo pin. The Echo pin will give time as an output which may be obtained in microseconds.
An ultrasonic sensor could even be a tool which can measure the space of the thing by using acoustic wave at a selected frequency and listening for that acoustic wave to recover. By recording the number of bursts between the sound wavesis generated and thus the acoustic wavesare bouncing back. Here we connected it to the Arduino and placed at rear of the vehicle which measures the space between the thing behind the vehicle and provides signal to the Arduino board to which connected to buzzer to supply sound when certain distance is reached to avoid accidents. The sensor module contains four pins ground, VCC, trigger, Echo which rock bottom and VCC are connected to respective supply pins with Arduino and trigger and echo connected to any digital I/O pins of Arduino board.

Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO is known for marking the upcoming release of microcontroller board namely Arduino Uno Board 1.0. This board includes digital I/O pins-14, an influence jack, analog i/ps-6, ceramic resonator-A16 MHz, a USB connection, an RST button, and an ICSP header. Of these can support the microcontroller for further operation by connecting this board to the personal computer. The facility supply of this board is often through with the help of an AC to DC adapter, a USB cable, otherwise a battery. The ATmega328 is a single-chip microcontroller belonging to an AVR family. The architecture of Arduino Uno follows a customized Harvard architecture with 8bit RISC processor core. The various Arduino Uno boards include Arduino Due, Arduino Mega, and Arduino Leonardo, etc. The Arduino UNO board is pre-programmed with the help of embedded c in Arduino IDE compiler. The board is used to control the GPS module; Buzzer and display to offer instructions and obtain the right output which is definitely programmable and cheap to install. Totally it acts as brain for those systems which need low power and high efficiency.

GPS Module
The GPS module is used to locate/track the position of the vehicle incase of any emergency. If any accidents happen to the physically challenged people, then with this module one can easily find the location easily. It needs 12V for transmitting the GPS coordinates to remote location with as small GPS receiver which receives another HC-12 transceiver which is processed by Arduino board.The GPS module for Arduino is a small electronic circuit which permits to attach to your Arduino board to urge position and altitude, also as speed, date and time on UTC.

Buzzer
The device that is employed for alerting the users once it reaches the brink distance from the object behind vehicle it's connected to the Arduino board; that gets the signal from the supersonic about the gap. Here we have a tendency to used sixty rate motor for our example that makes the small gear to run.

Conclusion and Future Work:-
The main difficulties of any physically challenged people are taken as a main consideration in this system. This paper proposed a novel solution for driving two wheelers in reverse direction. But in large scale, we need to improve this system further. Our future work will rely on the cost optimization and autonomous driving system.