EXPLORATORY STUDY TO IDENTIFY THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS AMONG NURSING STUDENTS AT KGMU, U.P”

Introduction:The cardio respiratory fitness is having an greater role in the reduction of morbidity mortality related to the cardiac disease .In India cardiac diseases are the major cause factor for the mortality. Around 80% of death is happening in India due to cardio respiratory diseases. In 18th centuries cardiovascular disease risk age groups lies in the age above 40 years but in the current situation its being reduced to the 25-30 years due to lifestyle changes and dietary alternations. This statistics reveals the importance of early detection of risk contributing factors and the modification of such risk factors. Which can effectively beneficial for the upcoming adults. Need and Significance of the Study:Researcher have noticed high incidence of mortality due to cardiovascular disorder among young adults. The causative factor behind this is poor cardio-respiratory fitness. Thus researcher felt the need to undertake this study to identify the influencing factors of cardio-respiratory fitness among young nursing students. Aim of The Study:To identify and explore the influencing factors of cardio-respiratory fitness among young nursing students. Objectives: 1. To assess influencing factors of cardio-respiratory fitness among nursing students. 2. To determine association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected demographic variables. 3. To determine association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max , HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected clinical profile . 4. To determine association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max, HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected diagnostic tests findings.. Methodology:Quantitative research approach was used in this study and exploratory research design was adopted for this study.100 bsc Nursing students from KGMU College was selected for this study and correlation between cardio reperatory determinants and demographic variales was analysed using inferential and non inferential statistical methods. Results :The study results projects that a clear association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max, HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected demographic variables. In the aspect of demographic variables: Family income is showing a significant association with VO2Max and its showing moderate positive correlation with VO2 Max. The study also giving the evidences of significant association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max HRR and Tolerated time in TMT) with selected diagnostic test findings Such as LDL is showing negative correlation & selected clinical profile such as skinfold test is showing a moderate positive correlation with VO2 Max. HDL in the prime parameter of diagnostic findings which is showing a positive correlation with HRR. In The aspect of tolerated time in TMT is showing an association and moderate positive correlation with2D Echo. These results were statistically proving H1, H2, H3.That means there is a significant association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR & tolerated time in TMT ) with selected demographic variables, There is a significant association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR and Tolerated time in TMT) with selected physical examination findings and There is a significant association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected diagnostic tests findings. Conclusion:The study results projects that a clear association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max, HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected demographic variables and other parameters such as clinical profiles and diagnostic tests.


ISSN: 2320-5407
Int. J. Adv. Res. 9(03), 237-262 238 between cardio reperatory determinants and demographic variales was analysed using inferential and non inferential statistical methods. Results :The study results projects that a clear association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max, HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected demographic variables. In the aspect of demographic variables: Family income is showing a significant association with VO 2 Max and it's showing moderate positive correlation with VO 2 Max. The study also giving the evidences of significant association and correlation of cardiorespiratory determinants (VO2 max HRR and Tolerated time in TMT) with selected diagnostic test findings Such as LDL is showing negative correlation & selected clinical profile such as skinfold test is showing a moderate positive correlation with VO 2 Max. HDL in the prime parameter of diagnostic findings which is showing a positive correlation with HRR. In The aspect of tolerated time in TMT is showing an association and moderate positive correlation with2D Echo. These results were statistically proving H 1, H 2, H 3. That means there is a significant association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR & tolerated time in TMT ) with selected demographic variables, There is a significant association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR and Tolerated time in TMT) with selected physical examination findings and There is a significant association and correlation of cardiorespiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected diagnostic tests findings. Conclusion:The study results projects that a clear association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max, HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected demographic variables and other parameters such as clinical profiles and diagnostic tests.

ISSN: 2320-5407
Int. J. Adv. Res. 9(03), 237-262 239 factors that can affect cardio respiratory fitness included blood pressure and fasting blood levels of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein and cholesterol 13 Statement Of The Problem: "An exploratory study to identify the influencing factors of cardio-respiratory fitness among nursing students at KGMU, Lucknow U. P".

Aim Of The Study:
To identify and explore the influencing factors of cardio-respiratory fitness among young nursing students.

Review Of Literature:-
Review of literature is mainly classified in to two 1. Literature related to prevalence and associated risk factors of cardiovascular disorder. 2. Literature related to Cardio-respiratory fitness.

World Health Organization (2018) :
Cardiorespiratory fitness represents a relation between physical activity behaviors and health outcomes that reflects in the capacity of various organs , such as the heart, lungs and muscles, to produce energy during physical activity and exercise. 30-50% of cardiorespiratory fitness is mainly determined by genetics, routine physical activity will enhance the fitness; which is therefore a proximal outcome of physical activity levels. On the aspect of public health perspective, cardiorespiratory fitness provides a robust measure, because of it will lower the month-to-month variability within each individual individuals. Cardiorespiratory fitness may be a stable indicator of current physical activity levels, which will resemble to glycosylated hemoglobin , reflecting glucose control over a period of several months.

Satish V et.al.(2018)
: conducted a randomized controlled trial of Yoga versus physical exercise for cardio-respiratory fitness in adolescent school children 802 school students from 10 schools across four districts were recruited for this study. two arm RCT 240 around 802 students were randomized to receive daily one hour yoga training (n = 411) or physical exercise (n = 391) over a period of two months. VO2 max was estimated using 20 m shuttle run test. However, yoga (n = 377) and physical exercise (n = 371) students contributed data to the analyses. Data was analysed using students t test. There was a significant improvement in VO2 max using 20 m Shuttle run test in both yoga (p < 0.001) and exercise (p < 0.001) group following intervention. There was no significant change in VO2 max between yoga and physical exercise group following intervention. However, in the subgroup with an above median cut-off of VO2 max; there was a significant improvement in yoga group compared to control group following intervention (p = 0.03). The results suggest yoga can improve cardio-respiratory fitness and aerobic capacity as physical exercise intervention in adolescent school children. 15 Research Methodology:- In this study the structured tool consists of 3 sections:  Section 1: Demographic data-It consists of 14 demographic variables of Nursing students  Section 2: Clinical assessment &Diagnostic test findings  Section 3:Cardio respiratory determinants (VO 2 Max, HRR,Tolerated time in TMT)

Data Collection Method:
A formal order was obtained from the ethical permission from the ethical committee of KGMU Lucknow. Data collection was done within the given period with the help of pre decided tool .and tabulated by the inferential and non-inferential statistics  1. As the p-value for Chi-square and Fisher's exact test for Respiratory rate. is less than 0.05 it is obtained that Heart recovery rate time is associated with the Respiratory rate. 2. The value of correlation suggests that the Heart recovery rate is slightly negatively correlated with Respiratory rate. 3. All the other p-values are more than 0.05 therefore no other physical examination finding is significantly related with Heart recovery rate time.

Inference:
1. As the p-value for Chi-square and Fisher's exact test for HDL is less than 0.05 it is obtained that HDL is related with Heart rate recovery time. 2. The value of correlation suggests that the HDL is moderately positively correlated with Heart rate recovery time. 3. P-values for all other variables are more than 0.05 therefore no other Diagnostic test finding is significantly related with Heart rate recovery time.

Discussion:-
The study results projects that a clear association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max, HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected demographic variables. In the aspect of demographic variables: Family income is showing a significant association with VO 2 Max and it's showing moderate positive correlation with VO 2 Max.The study also giving the evidences of significant associationand correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max HRR and Tolerated time in TMT) with selected diagnostic test findings Such as LDL is showing moderate negative correlation & selected clinical profile such as skinfold test is showing a moderate positive correlation with VO 2 Max. HDL in the prime parameter of diagnostic findings which is showing a relation with HRR. In The aspect of tolerated time in TMT is showing an association and moderate positive correlation with2D EchoThese results statistically proving H 1, H 2, H 3. That means there is a significant association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR & tolerated time in TMT ) with selected demographic variables, There is a significant association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR and Tolerated time in TMT) with selected physical examination findings and There is a significant association and correlation of cardio-respiratory determinants (VO2 max ,HRR & Tolerated time in TMT) with selected diagnostic tests findings.