A STUDY ON ASSOCIATION OF CAROTID INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE – A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY

The present study shows a statistical significant correlation between the impaired fasting glucose and the carotid intima media thickness (p= <.001). On univariate analysis, there is a statistical significant correlation (p=<0.5) between the various glycemic parameters i.e body mass index, blood pressure, triglyceride to carotid int ima media thickness mexico city diabetes has reported a significant increase in carotid intima thickness among the prediabetics individuals and also reported the increase in coronary heart risk factors in individuals before the onset of clinical diabetes. Similarly folsom et al (1994) has reported a positive relationship between fasting non-diabetic hyperglycemia and carotid intima media thickness 3 . Thus the present study is in accordance the above mentioned studies .


ISSN: 2320-5407
Int. J. Adv. Res. 8 (11), 560-568 561 coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease in diabetic subjects is clearly associated with atheroma in other parts of arterial tree especially carotid artery intimal thickening. Although studies have shown type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with atherosclerosis. Folson et al (stroke 25:66-73, 1994) have shown a direct evidence of atherosclerosis among prediabetic individual which was measured by the carotid wall intima media thickness 3 . Thus detection of an abnormality in the prediabetic state would present an opportunity for intervening to reduce the future burden of diabetes mellitus.
Measurement of carotid intima media thickness of carotid artery by ultrasonography is one of the non invasive qualitative method of evaluating early atherosclerotic changes .It is important to note that an increase in carotid intima media thickness is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease and coronary artery disease 4,5. As studies have shown a wider variation among various ethnic group and geographical location besides others, a approach was made to study an association of carotid intima media thickness among individuals with impaired fasting glucose.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty cases of impaired fasting glucose were selected from patients attending in Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh,Assam in the department of medicine within a period of one year were taken up for the present study.
S elect i on of case s: 1. Patients with age more than or equal to 45 years as per ADA criteria for screening were taken up for the study and screened for impaired fasting glucose. Thirty cases were selected randomly from the group. 2. The patients with the following conditions were excluded from the study: A > Clinical features of D.M. B > History of vascular disease. 3. The cases were examined thoroughly with detailed history and physical examination. 4. Equal number of age and sex matched subjects with standard height and weight were taken as control. 5. Routine lab investigation, lipid profile, was done. 6. B-mode ultra sonography of the carotid intima media thickness of the selected cases as well as the control groups were done :-thickening of the intima-media complex greater than 0.8mm is considered abnormal, and represents the earliest changes of atherosclerotic disease 7 .

Statistics:
Data evaluation was conducted using the spss/pc+ program. The level of significance was determined by p<0.05.the correlation of glycemic parameters to imt and to atherosclerosis risk factors was assessed using pearson or spearman correlation coefficient as appropriate.

Results and observation:-
After thorough history, clinical examination and laboratory investigations the subjects were categorized into two groups (group A for cases and group B for control). Out o f 30ca ses, 20 wer e ma le a nd 10 f e ma le, t he r at io bet ween ma le a nd fe ma le be ing 2: 1.
Ma les a nd fe ma le s wer e 22 and 8 r espect ive l y in t he co nt ro l gr o up t he r at io be ing 2. 7: 1.        t o be 73. 93mm hg. 4. T he me a n BMI was 23. 76 kg/ m2 5. T he me a n wa ist hip r at io was 0. 89. 6. T he me a n ser u m fast ing blo o d g luco se was 114. 8 mg/ d l.