A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICE AND ATTITUDE REGARDING CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD AMONG MARRIED MEN

Rahul, Atul Kumar, Mugdha Devi Sharan Sharma and Ekta Bahuguna Community Health Nursing Department, Himalayan College of Nursing Swami Rama Himalayan University Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 05 January 2020 Final Accepted: 07 February 2020 Published: March 2020


ISSN: 2320-5407
Int. J. Adv. Res. 8(03), 225-231 226 As per Health Ministry Data (2016-2017); India population declines the consumption of contraception almost 35%; and the use of condom decreases up to 52% in past 8 years and vasectomy felt to 73%. 5 Uttarakhand state has registered an overall decrease in the use of contraceptive methods between years 2014-2017. Number of sterilization cases (vasectomy and tubectomy) dropped by 13% whereas Neighboring Himachal Pradesh also recorded a decrease of 11% in contraception use. 6 Males are considered as dominant decision maker in Indian society; so there involvement plays an important role in birth control. Active participation of males is key to population control. Negative attitude of male partner regarding contraceptive methods is a major cause of nonuse, discontinuation or low use of birth control measures. 7 As per the above findings and researcher own observation shows that people are unaware of various birth control measures, and having poor attitude as well as practices towards use of birth control measures. In India men are ignored and neglected for participating in planning of contraception use recognizing that males play a great role in choosing contraceptive method; researcher want to find out their knowledge, attitude and practice about family planning.
Objectives:-1. To assess the knowledge regarding contraceptive method among married men 2. To assess the expressed practice regarding contraceptive method among married men 3. To assess the Attitude regarding contraceptive method among married men 4. To determine association between knowledge score with selected demographic variables 5. To determine association between expressed practice with selected demographic variables

Methods:-
A quantitative research approach with cross section survey design was carry out by researcher to select 200 married men of Barkot village through simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by administering knowledge questionnaire, self-reported practice checklist and attitude likert scale. Data analysis was done by using descriptive as well as inferential statistics; manual calculation was also done for quality check.  Data depicted in table No. 1 shows that majority (75.5%) married men were in age group between 33-45 years. Duration of marriage of most of (84.5%) married men were 2-10 years. Less than half (44%) of men and one third (33.5%) of men's spouse having secondary education. Majority of participants (72.5%) belongs to nuclear family. About (65.5%) of married men having private job, Majority (73%) of men earn < 15,000 per month. About half (50.5%) of the participants had two children. The entire participant (100%) having Knowledge regarding contraceptive method and majority (97%) of them got information by T.V and Radio.

Result:-
Findings show the overall mean knowledge score of the participants was 9.65±2.433. So it was inferred that mean percentage of knowledge was more than half (56.7%).   The data presented in table no.2 shows that majority (78.5%) married men believed that Contraceptive methods helps to maintain health, about (61.5%) men believed that Contraceptive helps to plan their family, most of (86%) are agreed that Contraceptives are best to be used only by women. Majority (70%) men believed that contraception are a financial burden on them, more than half (56%) men agreed that Permanent contraceptive causes lose of fertility, Less than half (47%) men was strongly agree that Contraception reduces the sexual satisfaction among couple. More than half (56.5%) men strongly agree that contraception reduces their muscularity. Only (21.5%) men were strongly disagreeing that men should avoid utilization of contraceptive, about (63%) men was strongly agree that Contraception reduces sexually transmitted diseases among couples. Less than half (48%) men were agreed that Contraceptive method helps in reducing the anxiety related to unwanted pregnancy.
Therefore, it can be interpreted that married men having positive attitude regarding contraceptive methods.  The data presented in table no.3 shows that married men having low expressed practice regarding contraceptive methods.
There was no significant association between mean knowledge score and practice score with selected demographic variables. Section-C: Attitude regarding contraceptive methods:

Discussion:-
In present study findings it is revealed that 78.5% believed that contraceptive helps to maintain the health. And majority of men 61.5% believe that Contraceptive helps to plan your family, Therefore, it can be interpreted that married men having positive attitude regarding contraceptive methods. Findings are consistent with cross sectional studyconducted by kumar V et al; (2018) on "knowledge, practice and attitude on family planning", at Rajasthan. Study findings shows that most of (93.18%) participants had good attitude whereas only 6.82% participants has poor attitude regarding birth control methods 10 .
Section D: Expressed Practice score regarding contraceptive methods: On analysis of data it was found that most of (82.5%) men have using contraception for prevention of pregnancy.

Conclusion:-
Based on the result it can be determined that most of married men had moderate knowledge, positive attitude but low expressed practice towards contraceptive use. Therefore, there is urgency to impart knowledge regarding contraceptive use so that the further consequences of population growth can be prevented.