THE TERMS RELATED TO THE CONCEPT “FAMILY” IN THE ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGE CULTURES

The present manuscript is devoted to lingual reflection of the concept “family” in two different languages: English and Uzbek. The author compares both languages and finds out similarities and differences paying attention to national-cultural specifics of the terms related to the concept “family”. Theoretical part of the investigation is proved by examples.

As English lexeme father, Uzbek lexeme ота also has the semantics of high position. English lexeme father is used for nominating honored titles. For example, the title of Pope is nominated by the expression The Holy Father or His Holy Fatherhood . the child is father of the manwhen a child behaves like an adult person; The Father of the Faithfulcaliph.
In the Uzbek language there is a popular expression падари бузруквор which means "respected father". He is a wise person, advisor, defender of his children.
National specific is felt in the Uzbek expression отасининг баҳосини сўрайди which mean "very high price". Here the meaning "very high" is reflected in the lexeme "father", which has very strong semantics.
Uzbek expressions which contain the lexemes ота «father» and она «mother» convey various attitude of the society in the sphere of human interrelations: бор отангга, бор онанггаthis expression is used for a person who is tired of other people who send him to one place or person, than to another, etc. For example, if one person wants to start any business and is busy with making it legal by preparing a number of necessary documents, the clerks of official organizations send him from one place to another and don't want to help him, the expression бор отангга, бор онангга can be used in this situation.
Another Uzbek expression with the lexeme "ота" is отанг яхши, онанг яхши деб ...is used when something is reached with much afford and difficulties. Now we'll analyze the English lexeme mother: 1) a female parent of a child or animal; 2) the cause and origin [A Supplement to the Oxford Dictionary, 1996, p. 694]. Mother is the beginner of any generation, the source of life.
In both analyzed languages native country is nominated by lexeme "mother": Mother country; Mother earth. In the Uzbek lingual culture Motherland is called by expressions Она ватан; Она юрт which contain the component "mother".
In the English language there are many expressions with the lexeme "mother": mother of pearlvery precious substance; the Mother of Presidents -(Amer.) the nickname of the State Virginia, because 7 from 12 first American presidents were born in the State Virginia; mother Superiorspiritual sister, advisor; mother's markbirthmark; mother Bunchfortune teller (from the name of the famous English fortune teller in the 16 th century); somebody to a mummyto beat somebody very strongly.
Analogically in both compared languages a native language is also expressed by word combinations with component "mother" in English and component "она" in Uzbek: mother tongue = она тили. Both are translated as "native language".
The Uzbek expression она сути оғзидан кетмаган is used for a young person who thinks he/she is adult already and wants to act like an adult. This expression has national-cultural specifics as it is used only in the Uzbek language. If we translated it word-for-word we will get the following: "his/her mother's milk is still on his/her lips".
Uzbek women cherish their children by the following expressions which contain the component "она" (mother): онанг ўргулсин (is used for both sons and daughters); она қизим (is used only for daughters).
A decent and pure girl is nominated in the Uzbek language by the expression онаси ўпмаган (қиз) which means such a pure girl that even her mother didn't kiss her. This expression is very popular among Uzbek young men who try to marry such girl and say: Мен онаси ўпмаган қизга уйланаман -I will marry a pure and decent girl.
In the conceptsphere "family" there are also popular lexemes son and daughter who are the children of father and mother.
The family relations between brothers and sisters are close-knit and strong. It should be noted that the English lexeme brother has two Uzbek equivalents: ака -elder brother (he is older than someone) and укаyounger brother (he is younger than someone).
The same is with the English lexeme sister. It has two Uzbek equivalents: опаelder sister (she is older than someone) and сингилyounger sister (she is younger than someone).
In the English language more distant family relations are expressed by lexemes: cousin (second cousin), nephew, niece, uncle, aunt. The English lexeme cousin is used for both male and female persons, who are sons and daughters of someone's aunts and uncles. But in the Uzbek language this lexeme has four variants: 1. холавачча -the son or daughter of aunt from mother's side; 2. аммавачча -the son or daughter of aunt from father's side; 3. тоғавачча -the son or daughter of uncle from mother's side; 4. амакивачча -the son or daughter of uncle from father's side.
As we see such difference between English and Uzbek terms related to family relations have vivid national-cultural specifics.
The English lexemes nephew and niece demonstrate gender indexes: nephew is used for male person; niecefor female person. As for the Uzbek language one and the same lexeme жиян is used for both males and females.
The English lexeme uncle is used for both mother's and brother's brother. But in Uzbek there are two variants: тоға is uncle from mother's side and амаки is uncle from father's side.
The same is about the English lexeme aunt, which has two Uzbek equivalents: хола is aunt from mother's side and амма is aunt from father's side.
There are also family relations due to matrimony, i.e. relatives from husband's / wife's side: English mother-in-law = Uzbek қайнона; English father-in-law = Uzbek қайнота.

Conclusion:-
In both English and Uzbek lingual cultures the terms related to conceptsphere "family" are very popular and reflect family relations. The difference between two analyzed language in nominating different relatives have been revealed, for example in nominating brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, etc. The terms mother and father in both languages have very high position and high status both in family and in society.
The present investigation has shown that in both languages there are many expressions, bright and interesting phrases which contain the terms of kindred relations. Such expressions of both languages were compared and national-cultural specific has been opened and specific features of family relations and their lingual reflection have been revealed.