본 연구는 메타분석을 통해 호스피스ㆍ완화의료 환자를 대상으로 한 음악치료의 전체효과를 확인하였다. 국내ㆍ외 호스피스ㆍ완화의료 환자를 대상으로 음악치료를 중재한 연구 중 본 연구의 목적에 부합하는 31편의 연구를 채택하여 메타분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체 평균 효과크기는 –0.579로 Cohen(1977)이 제시한 해석 기준에 의해 중간 수준의 전체효과 크기를 도출했다. 둘째, 음악치료는 호스피스ㆍ완화의료 환자의 생리적 증상 및 심리적 증상에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인하였다. 셋째, 치료사가 녹음 음악을 사용하고 환자가 수용적 참여를 할 때 음악치료의 효과가 더 클 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 호스피스ㆍ완화의료 환자는 20분 미만, 6회 이상 10회기 미만의 음악치료 활동에 참여할 경우 더 큰 치료 효과를 경험하는 것으로 확인하였다. 마지막으로 자문형 호스피스ㆍ완화의료 서비스를 받는 환자에게 음악치료의 효과가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 위의 결과를 통해 음악치료는 호스피스ㆍ완화의료 환자에게 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있으며 환자의 심리 및생리적 증상에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있다는 것을 보여 주었다.
The purpose of this study was to analyze quantitative studies regarding the effect of music therapy program on hospice and palliative patients and provide a basis for more effective application in music therapy in hospice palliative care. A meta-analysis was conducted on 31 studies including domestic and international studies. The results of the study are as follows: First, the overall mean effect size was –0.579, which means a medium effect size according to Cohen’s interpretation criteria. Second, music therapy has a positive effect on physiological and psychological symptoms of hospice and palliative care patients. Third, recorded music therapy is more effective than live music or mixed music. Fourth, a total of 6 to 10 sessions were the most effective. Fifth, 20minutes is the most adequate as a session length. Sixth, when the patients engage in music therapy receptively, music therapy could be more helpful. Lastly, out-patient hospice service would increase the effect of music therapy. The above results show that music therapy can have a positive effect on hospice and palliative care patients and positively affect them.
The purpose of this study was to analyze quantitative studies regarding the effect of music therapy program on hospice and palliative patients and provide a basis for more effective application in music therapy in hospice palliative care. A meta-analysis was conducted on 31 studies including domestic and international studies. The results of the study are as follows: First, the overall mean effect size was –0.579, which means a medium effect size according to Cohen’s interpretation criteria. Second, music therapy has a positive effect on physiological and psychological symptoms of hospice and palliative care patients. Third, recorded music therapy is more effective than live music or mixed music. Fourth, a total of 6 to 10 sessions were the most effective. Fifth, 20minutes is the most adequate as a session length. Sixth, when the patients engage in music therapy receptively, music therapy could be more helpful. Lastly, out-patient hospice service would increase the effect of music therapy. The above results show that music therapy can have a positive effect on hospice and palliative care patients and positively affect them.
