An assessment of HIV control programme for evidence informed policymaking and practice in Burkina Faso: A systematic review

Background: Several studies have been undertaken on the subject of HIV. To improve the research findings into practices, stronger scientific evidences are suitable and have improved HIV control programmes in many countries including Burkina Faso. The objective of this study is to review the various HIV/AIDS researches related to HIV control programme in Burkina Faso and their implication for policy and practice. Methods: This study was a systematic review. A MEDLINE Entrez PubMed search was performed in August 2019 and implementation studies that investigated HIV control programmes and HIV health policy in Burkina Faso. Search key words included « HIV programmes in Burkina Faso », « HIV control programme in Burkina Faso », « Burkina Faso, health policy, HIV ». Only policy relevant studies which generated evidence to improve HIV control prgramme in Burkina Faso were eligible and were selected. Results: A total of 23 relevant studies that fulfilled the study inclusion criteria were identified out of 89 studies found. Among the 23 scientific publications included in the review, 73.9% were published in English language and 26.1% in French language. The main issues reviewed were related to prevention and other topics associated to prevention as an intervention on HIV control programme already operated in Burkina Faso, related to monitoring and evaluation to better control HIV programme. Others included studies were related to prevalence and risk factors, stigma, access to care to Non-gouvernmental-organizations-(NGO), access to and quality of care, gender, service delivery, priority setting and resource allocation. These studies generated high quality policy relevant evidence which indicated

significant improvements in HIV programmes outcomes where the studies were undertaken Conclusion: There is a need for more implementation of research related to HIV in low income settings because of the priority to improve HIV outcomes and the challenge for implementing research and equity issues for interventions within complex health systems.

Background
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), better use of research evidence for development policymaking can save lives through more effective policies that respond to scientific and technological advances, more efficient use of resources and better meet citizens' needs (1). In most developing countries, such as Burkina Faso, the main challenging issues related to evidence-to-policy is the availability and the use of research evidence (2,3). According to Lavis and colleagues, there is a growing interest in interactive knowledge-sharing mechanisms to bring together research results with the tacit views, experiences and knowledge of those who will be involved in or affected by future decisions on high priority issues. (4). From this interest, it is necessary to provide "decision support" that takes into account at the local context for decision-makers and other stakeholders (5,6). Locally contextualised decision support is a skills gap to be filled, particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) where health systems are weak and where policies are weakly evidence-based. (7).
According to Whitworth and colleagues, implementation research should be taken into account by decision-makers and implementers in order to improve decisionmaking (8). Although implementation research is relatively new, it is increasingly in demand as it can help to maximize the beneficial impact of health interventions (9 is not stated in HIV epidemic context (11).
Although this reduction in HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality in Burkina Faso could be attributed to implementation of various intervention policies, it is however not very clear as to what extent the policies were informed by research evidence from implementation research. Some implementation research has been able to evaluate specific components of the HIV program for more evidence for policy use. Indeed, a multicentre evaluation study, including Burkina Faso, examined only "Prime ; ethics on the ground" (13). The second was the conceptualization of the effects of task shifting using a systems approach and exploring these effects with regard to HIV in Burkina Faso as a case study (14). The challenges remained for the HIV national programme are to improve the outcomes as well as producing and capitalizing research evidence. Till todate, no attempt has been made to review implementation studies related to HIV control programmes in order to understand the extent of the evidence generated informed for better health policy. The objective of this study is to review the various HIV/AIDS researches related to HIV control programme in Burkina Faso and their implication for policy and practice.

Eligibility criteria
The 201 publications were reviewed to meet the following study inclusion criteria: Of the 201 publications found, a total of 23 (11.4%) fulfilled these study inclusion criteria and were included in this review ( Figure 1).

Data extraction and analysis
The selected publications were categorized according to the following information: Author/year of publication; Language used for publication; Type of study; Study setting/location; Main issues reviewed; Main findings; Policy implication/recommendations (Tables 2-4).
The selected publications were reviewed to provide additional vital information for this paper.

Results
This review study included 11. Regarding the main issues reviewed, seven identified scientific publications (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) reported the prevention and others topics associated to prevention as an intervention on HIV control programme already operated in Burkina Faso (Tables 1-4). Three articles (10, 22, 23) reported the implemented monitoring and evaluation to better control HIV programme (Tables 1, 2 and 4). Others included studies were related to prevalence and risk factors, stigma, access to care and to NGO, access and quality of care, gender, service delivery, priority setting and resource allocation (Tables 1-4).
As well, 28.6% were multicentric countries studies amongst the 21 scientific publications (Table 1). Inside, the main settings/locations of the studies were Ouagadougou (the capital city) and Bobo Dioulasso (the second big town city) and accounted for 48.0% (Table 1). The national wide setting was concerned by one study. In 26.1% of the scientific publications, the setting was not stated ( Table 1).
Most of the studies were cross-sectional studies.
These studies generated gave various information about the HIV control programme outcomes in localities and health facilities where the studies were undertaken. That indicated significant improvements in HIV programmes outcomes where the studies were undertaken.

Discussion
This review was designed to provide more insight into the process of evidenceinformed policymaking based on implementation research regarding HIV control programme in Burkina Faso.
In accordance with what was already declared by Uneke and colleagues (7), programme by peer-advisers (21). From the side of service delivrey, healthcare facilities have to offer a HIV continuum of care to key populations (32), to provide HIV testing and counselling including better protections against HIV exposure in the workplace, to follow HIV guidelines including ethical issues (33), and include care related to HIV co-infection and its consequences (34). Moreover, there is a need for strong quality implementation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes (16,18,19) and for this to contribute to WHO guidelines. (18).
According to Vergne and colleagues (22) programmes at the national level and in the health care settings. (36). In this perspective, equity analysis could be taken into account through appropriate approaches (37,38), and including strengthening multisectoral collaboration and partnerships when implementing and monitoring strategies and programmes (37).

Study limitations
As already stated by Uneke and colleagues in their study (7), this study had two main limitations. The first one is the exclusive use of PubMed for data extraction,

Availability of data and materials
Data set used for this report can be availed by the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Funding
Not applicable.