Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Computer Simulation of Isotachophoresis

Application to the Determination of Physico-Chemical Constants and Separation Optimization

  • Review
  • Published:
Analytical Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A computer simulation of isotachophoresis is described for the purpose of determining physico-chemical constants and separation optimization. On the basis of the mobilities, dissociation constants and stability constants of the separands, the effective mobilities and the isotachopherogram in the steady state condition can be exactly simulated at a given electrolyte condition. When some of the necessary constants are unknown, they can be evaluated by means of a least-squares method on the basis of the observed qualitative indices. Since the sample amount necessary for electrophoretic separation is very small and good separability from coexisting substances is expected, this may be one of the useful methods for determining the physico-chemical constants. When the necessary constants are known, the optimum separation condition can be obtained by an iterative simulation that varies the electrolyte condition, such as the electrolyte pH, the solvent (water and methanol) and the concentration of the complex-forming agents to give the largest effective mobility differences among the separands.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Y. Kiso, “Zōne denki eidouhou (Zone Electrophoresis— Ionic Processes through Matrices—, in Japanese)”, Nankodo, Tokyo, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  2. H. Miyazaki and Y. Kato, “Touhoku denki eidouhou (Isotachophoresis, in Japanese)”, Kodansha, Tokyo, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  3. F. M. Everaerts, J. L. Beckers and Th. P. E. M. Verheggen, “Isotachophoresis. Theory, Instrumentation and Application”, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford and New York, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  4. P. Bocek, M. Deml, P. Gebauer, V. Dolnik, “Analytical Isotachophoresis”, ed. B. J. Radola, VCH, Basel, Cambridge and New York, 1988.

  5. R. A. Moscher, A. D. Saville and W. Thormann, “The Dynamics of Electrophoresis”, VCH, Weinheim, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  6. S. F. Y. Li, “Capillary Electrophoresis, Principles, Practice and Applications”, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  7. A. Tiselius, Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Sci. Uppsaliensis, 7, 1 (1930).

    Google Scholar 

  8. R. A. Robinson and R. H. Stokes “Electrolyte solutions”, Butterworths, London, 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  9. R. Consden, A. H. Gordon and A. J. P. Martin, Biochem. J., 40, 33 (1946).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. R. A. Alberty, J. Atner. Chem. Soc, 72, 2361 (1950).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. H. Haglund, L. K. B., Sci. Tools, 17, 2 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. F. Kohlrausch, Arm. Phys. Chem., N. R., 62, 209 (1897).

    Google Scholar 

  13. P. Gebauer and P. Bocek, J. Chromatogr., 267, 49 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. T. Hirokawa and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 260, 225 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Landolt-Börnstein, “Zahlenwerte und Funktionen”, Vol. II, Part 7, Springer, Berlin, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  16. C. Long (ed.), “Biochemists’ Handbook”, Spon, London, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  17. “Handbook of Chemistry and Physics”, 69th ed., CRC, Boca Raton, 1988–1989.

  18. T. Hirokawa, T. Gojo and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 390, 201 (1987).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. T. Hirokawa, M. Nishino, N. Aoki, Y. Kiso, Y. Sawamoto, T. Yagi and J. Akiyama, J. Chromatogr., 271, D1 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. J. L. Beckers and F. M. Everaerts, J. Chromatogr., 68, 207 (1972).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. T. Hirokawa and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 242, 227 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. T. Hirokawa and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 248, 341 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. P. Oefner, R. Hafele, G. Bartsch and G. Bonn, J. Chromatogr., 516, 251 (1990).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. W. Thormann, Sep. Sci Technol., 19, 455 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. G. T. Moore, J. Chromatogr., 106, 1 (1975).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. M. Bier, O. A. Palusinski, R. A. Mosher and D. A. Saville, Science [Washington, D. C], 219, 1281 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. V.Fidler,J. Vacik and Z. Fidler. J. Chromatogr., 320, 167 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. P. Radi and E. Schumacher, Electrophoresis, 6, 195 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. V. G. Babskii, M. Yu, Zhukov and V. I. Yudovich, “Mathematical Theory of Electrophoresis”, Consultant Bureau, Plenum Publishing Co., New York, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Y. Kiso and T. Hirokawa, Chem. Lett., 1979, 891.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Y. Kiso and T. Hirokawa, Chem. Lett., 1980, 323.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Y. Kiso and T. Hirokawa, Chem. Lett., 1980, 745.

    Google Scholar 

  33. T. Hirokawa and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 252, 33 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. T. Hirokawa, T. Gojo and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 369, 59 (1986).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. T. Hirokawa, R. Sugino and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 585, 364 (1991).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. T. Hirokawa and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 252, 49 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. J. L. Beckers, J. Chromatogr., 320, 147 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. J. Pospichal, M. Deml, Z. Zemlova and P. Bocek, J. Chromatogr., 320, 139 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. V. Kasicka, J. Vacik and Z. Prusik, J. Chromatogr., 320, 33 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. J. Pospichal, P. Gebauer and P. Bocek, Chem. Rev., 89, 419 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. F. E. P. Mikkers, F. M. Everaerts and J. A. F. Peek, J. Chromatogr., 168, 293 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. T. Hirokawa, K. Nakahara and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 470, 21 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. T. Hirokawa, H. Takemi, Y. Kiso, R. Takiyama, M. Morio, K. Fujii and H. Kikuchi, J. Chromatogr. Biochem. Appl., 305, 429 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. T. Hirokawa, S. Kobayashi and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 318, 195 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. I. Nukatsuka and H. Yoshida, J. Chromatogr., 237, 506 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. T. Yagi, K. Kojima, H. Nariai and K. Motooka, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 55, 1831 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. T. Hirokawa, S. Kobayashi and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 410, 279 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. T. Hirokawa, T. Tsuyoshi and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 408, 27 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. P. Bocek and F. Foret, J. Chromatogr., 313, 189 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. H. Yoshida, S. Tanaka, T. Kaneta and Y. Hirama, Anal. Sci., 7, 673 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. D. Kaniansky and F. M. Everaerts, J. Chromatogr., 148, 441 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. M. Tazaki, M. Takagi and K. Ueno, Chem Lett., 1982, 639.

    Google Scholar 

  53. P. Gebauer and P. Bocek, J. Chromatogr., 242, 245 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Y. Hirama and H. Yoshida, J. Chromatogr., 322, 139 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Y. Hirama and H. Yoshida, Nippon Kagaku Kaishi, 1986, 943.

    Google Scholar 

  56. M. Tazaki, T. Hayashita, Y. Fujino and M. Takagi, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 59, 3459 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. T. Hirokawa and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 257, 197 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. I. Nukatsuka, M. Taga and H. Yoshida, J. Chromatogr., 237, 95 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. T. Hirokawa, N. Aoki and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 312, 11 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. J. Hu, T. Hirokawa, F. Nishiyama and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 589, 339 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. T. Hirokawa, H. Takemi and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 280, 219 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. T. Hirokawa, H. Takemi and Y. Kiso, J. Chromatogr., 280, 233 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Y. Gohshi, Tr. Anal. Chem., 10, 202 (1991).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. Yoshiyuki Kiso

    Present address: Hijiyama Women’s College, Ushita-shinmachi, Hiroshima, 732, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, 724, Japan

    Takeshi Hirokawa & Yoshiyuki Kiso

Authors
  1. Takeshi Hirokawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yoshiyuki Kiso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hirokawa, T., Kiso, Y. Computer Simulation of Isotachophoresis. ANAL. SCI. 8, 737–748 (1992). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.8.737

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.8.737

Keywords

Search

Navigation