Correlation of Sedentary Lifestyle and Interest in Physical Education Learning among Adolescents

This study determined the correlation between sedentary activities and interest in Physical Education learning in adolescents. Correlational analysis was utilized in this study, with a sample of 33 students obtained using an accidental sampling technique. The research instrument used an ASAQ questionnaire to acquire sedentary activity data and a learning interest questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability values of 0.801> 0.60. The results revealed that the sedentary activity of watching videos/DVDs was the highest, with an average duration of 95.09 minutes/day, and the sedentary activity of reading for pleasure was the lowest, with an average duration of 19.91 minutes/day. Meanwhile, the average interest in Physical Education learning is medium. The product-moment correlation test showed that the Pearson correlation value is - 0.350, so it can be concluded that sedentary activities and interest in Physical Education learning have a significant negative correlation. The result stated that the highest sedentary activities had the lowest learning interest.


INTRODUCTION
According to the results of researchers at Cambridge University, as quoted on the Ministry of Health website (2018), the death rate caused by lack of physical activity is quite high.Lack of exercise is the cause of death of at least 676 thousand people every year in the world.Mann et al. (2017)  spend minimal energy, such as watching television, working in front of a laptop/cellphone, or driving a car (Owen et al., 2010).
The development of technological complexity influences the way of working and learning.Internet networks and sophisticated devices supported by the development of artificial intelligence are increasingly reducing human physical activity.Various activities can be reduced to activities that require minimal activity and rely on technological assistance to complete human work.Technological advances in electronic devices, such as smartphones, PlayStations, televisions, and computers, cause children to be too lazy for physical activity (Arundhana et al., 2013).The decrease in physical activity is mostly caused by technological advances such as information technology, transportation, communication, and daily equipment (Trisnawati & Indahwati, 2021).

METHOD
The research conducted utilized correlational research that applied a nonexperimental design.Correlational research is intended to examine the correlation between variables without giving a treatment to these variables (Maksum, 2018).The population is all students of all levels and classrooms at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Sidoarjo, totaling 174 students.The sample is 33 students, consisting of 19 boys and 14 girls.The samples were taken by applying an accidental sampling technique.
To obtain sedentary activity data, researchers used a research instrument operated by an Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ) questionnaire developed by Hardy et al. (2007) with a reliability level of 0.57-0.76and suitable validity.
Sedentary activities are divided into 3 categories based on the time carried out in a day, specifically: Low Category if the respondent's physical activity is ≤ 2 hours/day, Medium Category if the respondent's physical activity is 3-4 hours/day, and High Category if the respondent's physical activity is ≥ 5 hours/day (Young et al., 2014).Meanwhile, researchers adopted a questionnaire from Wahyudi and Yulianti (2021) consisting of 24 questions to obtain data on learning interests.Researchers conducted a repeat trial of 30 students to find identical characteristics by testing the validity and reliability of the instruments.Of the 24 statement items, there are 6 invalid questions.The reliability test results show an α value of 0.801 > 0.60, so the instrument is reliable (Ghozali, 2011).
Data obtained from ASAQ questionnaires and learning interests is processed using the product-moment correlation test with the IBM SPSS statistics version 23 application.This instrument is used to obtain the correlation's direction and level of strength between the two variables.

RESULT
The result of ASAQ questionnaire analysis and learning interests is presented in Table 1.Table 5 shows the results of the linearity test, which show that the deviation from the linearity significance value is 0.157 > 0.05, so it can be interpreted as a linear correlation between the variables of sedentary activity and Physical Education learning interest.

DISCUSSION
Based on the research results, 91% of SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Sidoarjo students carry out sedentary activities in the high category or more than 5 hours/day.
These results follow the research result of Ekelund et al. (2012), which summarizes from 14 pieces of literature that sedentary behavior occurs between children and adolescents, with an average duration of 5.9 hours/day.It certainly must be the attention of Physical Education teachers to educate students regarding the adverse effects of sedentary activities.The results of the study by Park et al. (2020), it is suggested that sedentary behavior has various adverse effects on health, including an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, the risk of metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoporosis, knee pain to cancer.
The analysis results reveal that the highest duration of sedentary activity is watching videos / DVDs, with an average of 95.09 minutes/day.This data is lower than the study results of Sari and Nurhayati (2019), which showed video/DVD-watching activities with an average duration of 132 minutes/day.

Gusti Ananda Bayu Wibisono, Chandra Birawa & Amrih Ibnu Wicaksana |
(Hartono et al., 2013)021)that sedentary activity increases at the age of children to adolescents, and this habit will stay until adulthood.It can carry over wherever they are, even at school, and may affect their interest in attending Physical Education learning.Imawati and Maulana (2021)stated that Physical Education is a subject operated as an instrument for students to develop abilities possessed through physical activity.In Physical Education, students are not merely accomplishing physical activity learning; they will be taught about character building, such as cooperation, honesty, discipline, mutual respect, and other sufficient character(Hartono et al., 2013).Physical I

Table 1 . Data Description
The data collected from 33 students displayed that the average student carried out sedentary activities for 469.36 minutes/day.In comparison, students' minimum and maximum scores in sedentary activities are 230 minutes/day and 469.36 minutes/day.The variable of learning interest shows that the average score obtained by students is 53.76.The aspects of student sedentary activities consist of watching TV, Watching Videos/DVDs, Using a computer to play games, Using a computer to do homework, Doing homework without using a computer, Reading for pleasure, Doing lessons/tutoring, Driving, Creating a Craft, Relaxing, and Play/practice musical instruments.The result of examining the sedentary activity aspects of SMP Muhamadiyah 10 Sidoarjo students is presented in Table2.

Table 3 . Percentage of Sedentary Activities and Physical Activity Learning Interest Categories
Category.The data shows that most SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Sidoarjo students are sedentary in the High Category.The results of the categorization of student interest in Physical Education learning mostly included the High Category (55%), 14 students (42%) in the Medium Category, and 1 student (3%) in the Low Category.Data on learning interest obtained a total average score of 53.76, meaning that the interest in Physical Education learning among SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Sidoarjo students is in the Medium Category.

Table 6 .
Product Moment Correlation Test Safitri et al. (2022)20)016) low or weak relationship strength.Although most students carry out sedentary activities, their interest in learning is still in the High Category.Interest in individual students participating in Physical Education learning is the primary factor because if students have an interest in learning in a learning process that is followed, then students will experience interest in the lesson(Nurhasanah & Sobandi, 2016).Teachers' ability is decisive in increasing learning and interest in learning during the learning process(Sumyadi & Syukur, 2020).In the study,Safitri et al. (2022)showed that the increase in student interest in the Physical Education learning process was due to the contribution of the teacher's role.CONCLUSIONBased on the study's results, it can be concluded that students carry out sedentary activities in the High Category or more than 3 hours/day and the average student is interested in learning the medium category in Physical Education learning.There is a correlation between sedentary activity and interest in Physical Education learning in SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Sidoarjo students.The highest of the sedentary activity, the Lower interest in Physical Education learning.Student learning interest in Physical Education learning needs to be increased by providing a variety of interesting physical activities and sports programs so that students can reduce various sedentary activities that are detrimental to students' cognitive, affective, physical, and motor development.REFERENCEArundhana, A. I., Hadi, H., & Julia, M. (2013).Perilaku sedentari sebagai faktor risiko kejadian obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul 71 Perilaku sedentari sebagai faktor risiko kejadian obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul.Jurnal Gizi Dan Dietetik Indonesia, 1(2), 71-80.http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2013.1(2).71-80