A New Addition to Turkish Helotiaceae

In this study, Hymenoscyphus lepismoides Baral & Bemmann was recorded and photographed for the first time for Turkish mycota. The new record shows similarity with Hymenoscyphus serotinus (Pers.) W. Phillips and Hymenoscyphus calyculus (Fr.) W. Phillips . But it can be separated from the others with differences in the morphological and ecological features such as: spore and ascus size, host plant, attachment style of ascus base. The photographs showing the macro and micro properties of the new record and features related to habitat were provided. The differences of it from similar species were discussed.


Introduction
The genus Hymenoscyphus is represented by 274 species worldwide [1].The members of this genus are characterized by lignicolous, caulicolous and foliicolous ascomata, and ellipsoid-fusiform to obovoid-fusiform ascospores.The spores are bilaterally symmetrical and have abaxially angulate or hooked apex.The spore shape in this genus was named as "scutuloid" by Baral [2,3].
Study area in which fungi sample was collected is the northern slopes of Yaylacık mountain in the north of Tokat province.The distance to the center of the province is about 40 km and the broad-leaved forest vegetation is dominant.In this vegetation, Carpinus betulus L. populations and the members of Fagus genus are concentrated.The members of Quercus genus are also other broad-leaved trees in forest vegetation.There are herbaceous plants and shrubs on the sides of the road.The aim of this study is to acquaint the new species(Hymenoscyphus lepismoides Baral & Bemmann) detected for the first time in Turkey.

Material and Method
Fungal samples were collected during field trips in winter 2017.Color photographs showing their macroscopic properties were taken and important macroscopical features and ecological features were noted in their natural habitats.Then, the collection number were given to the samples brought to the laboratory and they were dried.The dried samples were placed into polyethylene bags for studies that will be carried out later.The microscopic properties of the samples were detected using a light microscope and stereo microscope.Some chemicals, suh as lactofenol stain, distillate water, congo red, Melzer's reagent, KOH 5%, were used to determine the chemical properties of the samples.Fungal samples were identified with the help of the literature [3,21].

arising from croziers
The samples were deposited at Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Tokat, Turkey.

Discussion and Conclusion
Hymenoscyphus genus is represented by 274 species worldwide and with eight species in Turkey [1, 4,23].Hymenoscyphus lepismoides is found in section Scutuloideae of the genus Hymenoscyphus.The most important feature of this section is that its members have predominantly scutuloid ascospores [21].The members of the genus Hymenoscyphus detected in our country are H. calyculus (Fr.)W. Phillips, H. fructigenus (Bull.)Gray, H. herbarum (Pers.)Dennis, H. immutabilis (Fuckel) Dennis, H. lutescens (Hedw.)W. Phillips, H. robustior (P.Karst.)Dennis, H. scutula (Pers.)W. Phillips and H. serotinus (Pers.)W. Phillips.Of these, H. serotinus and H. calyculus show similarity with H. lepismoides.Nevertheless, Hymenoscyphus lepismoides can be distinguish from other similar ones in terms of being different in host plant, spore and ascus size, attachment style of ascus base.The differences among Hymenoscyphus lepismoides and other similar species were shown in Table 1 according to [3,21,24].With the peresent study, Hymenoscyphus lepismoides Baral & Bemmann was reported for the first time from Turkey and the number of current members of the genus Hymenoscyphus increased from eight to nine.