Paroxysmal-Progredient Paranoid Schizophrenia in the Context of Entropy Neuron-Glial Networks of the Brain

According to their clinical diversity, the brightness of the psychopathological manifestations of schizophrenia, of course, is the main nosological form among other mental illnesses [1-3]. Moreover, for sure if we will be able to penetrate the mystery of the pathogenetic mechanisms of occurrence and development of schizophrenia, we get the key to the understanding of psychopathology in General, which will ensure the success of the methods of its treatment. This article like all other articles in the series [4-10] on a new method of studying NGNB DAFCAR, is the attempt to find correlative relationships between psychopathology and experience new disruption NGNB premature increase its entropy. Undoubtedly, this mechanism is not the only one that leads to mental disorders, but very significant. In addition, the search criteria, the extent of these violations, their topical characteristics will undoubtedly lead to quite close to the truth notions of psychopathology. I don’t think this study should detail to present the clinical scenario of various forms of schizophrenia. There is an extensive literature on the subject [1]. However, you should at least in General terms, to represent the existing views on the types of the course of the disease.


Introduction
According to their clinical diversity, the brightness of the psychopathological manifestations of schizophrenia, of course, is the main nosological form among other mental illnesses [1][2][3]. Moreover, for sure if we will be able to penetrate the mystery of the pathogenetic mechanisms of occurrence and development of schizophrenia, we get the key to the understanding of psychopathology in General, which will ensure the success of the methods of its treatment. This article like all other articles in the series [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] on a new method of studying NGNB -DAFCAR, is the attempt to find correlative relationships between psychopathology and experience new disruption NGNB -premature increase its entropy. Undoubtedly, this mechanism is not the only one that leads to mental disorders, but very significant. In addition, the search criteria, the extent of these violations, their topical characteristics will undoubtedly lead to quite close to the truth notions of psychopathology. I don't think this study should detail to present the clinical scenario of various forms of schizophrenia. There is an extensive literature on the subject [1]. However, you should at least in General terms, to represent the existing views on the types of the course of the disease.
A. Schizophrenia with continuous flow (continuous schizophrenia) is divided into malignant progressive (malignant and youth), a progressive (paranoid, delusional) and little progressive (schizophrenia with a sluggish flow). B. Circular type of schizophrenia (periodic, recurrent schizophrenia) is characterized by the development of affective depressive or manic phases with the presence of delusional, hallucinatory and limiting disorders. With the development of non-deployed phases picture reminds clinic or atypical affective psychosis (schizoaffective psychosis, by definition, American authors).

C.
Paroxysmal-progressive type of course of schizophrenia (shift-like schizophrenia); it is characterized by characteristic and continuous, and circular schizophrenia.
Among the many forms of schizophrenia, attack-like progressive form to date is considered one of the most common. Shift-like schizophrenia combines two different types of current mental illness or pathological process in the psyche, continuous-current and passing periods. Each of the new attacks of the disease brings new positive symptoms. And this is the main difference of this form from the others in that there is an exacerbation of already existing disorders, manifested previously in history [2]. The level of positive symptoms is reduced, being replaced by a growing defect and replace it with negative symptoms. All this, ultimately, leads to a stable defect and severe dementia [3].
No doubt, most often, in practice, psychiatric hospitals have to deal with the paroxysmal-progressive paranoid schizophrenia. That's about it in the future and will be discussed in our study, for brevity, calling it a progressive schizophrenia with a growing (PSchGD) and stable defect (PSchSD). The purpose of the study-to find patterns in the changes verified in the neurophysiological markers in paroxysmal-progressive schizophrenia, paranoid based on the measurement of the level of entropy NGNB using indexes, DAFCAR.

Materials and Methods
Performed by standard procedure of the EEG electrodes according to international system "10-20%"and the ipsilateral ear electrodes. Test with hyperventilation were carried out according to standard methods with dispersion assessment of the changes of alpha-rhythm method S. V. . Settings DAFCAR was calculated by the method of S. V. Rosman (2013) using the programs Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10.0 [5]. For studies of selected young and middle-aged patients to exclude the effects of age-related changes, with minimal opportunity for comorbidity and minimize alcohol and drug factor. All patients the study was carried out during the therapy with psychotropic and sedative drugs. For comparison, take patients with psychopathology of interest from the point of view of differential diagnosis and a control group (patients, recognized experts mentally healthy). The distributions of patients according to groups are presented in table 1.      Note: the numerator is the mean value, the denominator confidence interval ±95%   Note: the numerator is the mean value, the denominator confidence interval ±95%

Discussion of the results
You should immediately notify some of the objections in respect of the data submitted. a.
All patients with progressive schizophrenia in this study over several years received enough intensive therapy, including antipsychotics, including prolonged action therefore, no question of refusal from the administration of drugs at the time of the study cannot go. If we want the "purity of the experiment", we will have to abandon it altogether. By the way, this applies to all experimenters who write in their works that the period of the study drugs were abolished -to put it mildly, not true. However, statistical processing of the obtained data shows that in the presence of a sufficiently large representative sample, the General trend of changes to the NGNB in different types of psychopathology is quite convincing, even if it was used medicines [6].

b.
Indices DAFCAR with long flowing processes have a fairly large scatter of the average values in the sample. Despite this, each patient in the calculation allows them with certainty to trace the dynamics of pathological process As in all previous articles of a cycle [6][7][8][9][10], estimation of variance of change begins with a study of cartograms (Figures  1-4). A common feature of maps at PSchGD and PSchSD is the presence of shift schedules to the left in the frontal leads (Fp1,Fp2,F3,F4,F7,F8) with respect to the occipital (O1, O2). As mentioned in the article about the debut of schizophrenia this symptom is most frequent in schizophrenia and is a marker of hypofrontality, and the more the magnitude of this shift, the worse is the disease when the values of this difference of more than 1 HZ, the patients have hallucinations and delusions when PSND and PSSD this difference is less than 1 Hz and less than with DSch.
Observed the same violation of the stratification of the graph in the form of expansion of zones with low values КДа1 that shows the increase of variation of this parameter around the modal values, the violation of normality of distribution and the increase of dispersion of the alpha rhythm. With sufficient practice, such a cartogram reliably indicates the presence of an endogenous process, especially if these diagrams are symmetric in both hemispheres. However, PSchSD different from PSchGD the fact that the value of the modal frequency in the first case much lower than in the second. This is evident by the chart shift to the left not only in frontal derivations, but also in the occipital. This is not surprising, as in this case, the positive is replaced by negative symptoms, with a clear tendency for total dementia, which usually ends schizophrenic process. In future articles, we will show that the endpoint for the Dement axis is characterized by a sharp slowing of the alpha rhythm.
Analysis of changes in the index D shows that in progressive process they undergo completely natural changes within the of schizophrenia and in the framework of entropy NGNB, which reflects the "Dement axis" (Figure 5). In tables 2 & 3 the presented index values DAFCAR in the process of research in comparison with other types of psychopathology that, in our opinion, are the result of entropy NGNB. Of course, you can rate and digital values, but it seems to us a more graphical way. Figure 6 shows the same statistics but in the form of histograms. They are quite clearly seen that the indices DAFCAR gradually diminishes as the displacement of the pathological process at the Dement axis [7][8][9][10]. i.
O Mo f -the modal frequency of the alpha rhythm ( Figure 5A). A decrease in values from normal to mild mental retardation, the rise in early forms of schizophrenia, and then a sharp drop in the stability of the defect of schizophrenia. Gender differences are substantial (table  4).
ii. O Mo f -F Mo f -the difference between modal frequencies in the occipital and frontal leads ( Figure 5B). Natural increases in the debut of schizophrenia , reaching almost 1 Hz, reduced to РSchGD(perhaps as a result of treatment); the drop in its values when already РSchSD is associated with an increase in negative clinics and a sharp decrease O f Mo iii. Alpha-1/Alpha -slow component of the alpha rhythm ( Figure 5C) gradually increases, decreasing when РSchGD(perhaps as a result of treatment) and natural increases in РSchSD.
iv. IZ -index zoning ( Figure 5D) the index, which is undeservedly little attention is given in the study of EEG, probably due to lack of verification. In this study it was calculated using our own unique methodology. It rises up from the norm for personality disorders, since PD is very often there is a "disturbing" pattern of the EEG, accompanied by "spilled" alpha rhythm. While zonal differences smoothed. Subsequently, however, the figure is  In table 5 shows the statistical significance of differences of average values of indices according to student's criterion in various forms of psychopathology. I think that it makes no sense to compare schizophrenic with normal and personality disorder of the index values in this case vary dramatically. However, very often it is necessary to make the differential diagnosis between MMR and schizophrenia. It is clearly seen that, despite a significant decrease O Mo f at MMR, the dispersion changes in schizophrenia are more pronounced, especially when РSchSD.
Thus, summing up our observations, we can say that schizophrenia is a particular form of entropy neuron-glial networks of the brain in which the growth takes place unevenly in different parts of the brane with a significant disruption in frontal departments, leading to desynchronization of activity NGNB and violation of the process of afferent synthesis in the perception of afferent information. This leads to incorrect interpretations of it and of the inadequacy of the patient. In addition, the presence of brain areas with different levels of functional ability due to process variance leads to multiple interpretations of afferent information that appears hallucinatory syndrome up to the "split personality" when the dominance of the interpretation of the information moves from one center to another.
In conclusion, not to mention the value of the sluggish forms of schizophrenia their diagnosis is very stressful and contentious, sometimes turning the face of political persecution, since deviant behavior of dissidents can always be interpreted as a manifestation of schizophrenia. Conversely, the schizophrenic can be taken for the patient's "weird". In this case, may come to the aid and the method of analysis of variance of the alpha rhythm. Unfortunately, such cases are difficult to bring in any statistics because they are often anecdotal in nature. So here is an example of the correct interpretation of schizophrenia in a particular patient.
In figure 6 we see the dynamics of changes in the dispersion diagrams in the beginning of the disease, when the hospital raised doubts in the differential diagnostic plan. Assessment of the background EEG are also not allowed to put forward a serious diagnosis, because the presence were only some of the dispersion impairments at the level of PD. Retrospectively evaluating the EEG was evaluated HVT according to the method of S. V. Rosman (2017), after which it can be clearly seen that the reaction is very endogenous, which is typical for diseases of the schizoid circle, and in such a harsh way -for sub compensated debut of schizophrenia. In Figure 7, we see the outcome of this process is currently a significant slowing of the alpha rhythm in General, a rough functional hypofrontality, from which we can conclude that the diagnosis of schizophrenia, set 8 years ago was justified.
I want to stress again that the technique DAFCAR is not intended to replace the doctor in the diagnostic process, but allows verifying the changes to the NGNB, to give confidence to clinicians that the diagnosis billed correct and substantiated by objective measurements. It should be added that often under the guise of widespread depression lie sub compensated entropy disturbances in NGNB, which often turn into real violations of the dispersion characteristic of the schizophrenic process. To reveal this fact enables the analysis of variance of the alpha rhythm with the holding of the HVT. To spend the rest of the diagnostic procedure in a simplified form, without the involvement of skilled specialists, enables the device developed in Russia -Detector "neuropsychiatric disorders" (company "Medical Computer System", Zelenograd). This device calculates all indices and builds DAFCAR dispersion maps in automatic mode when shooting standard EEG.

Conclusion
A. Schizophrenia is a progressive dementia consistent process, which is caused by entropy NGNB a special type, in which along with the growing dispersion changes throughout the brain at a faster pace, there comes a disruption in the frontal lobes, therefore increasing the functional hypofrontality; further development of this process in the framework of a progressive, ultimately leads to the development of deep dementia.
B. Using the method of identifying DAFCAR on early diagnosis of sub-compensated change of the schizoid circle and in dynamics to track what is happening in NGNB processes, including controlling the treatment process. Analysis of variance of the maps and indexes DAFCAR allows you to open new, hitherto unknown nuances of the development of psychopathology.

C.
Extensive study of the method DAFCAR will allow unifying it, to identify the boundaries of diagnostic competence and to initiate the removal of psychiatry at the rank of dimensioning Sciences.