Influence of various growing media on growth and flowering of zinnia (Zinnia elegans) Dreamland

The present study was conducted to evaluate of different growing media on the growth and flowering of Zinnia elegans. The Seven various growth media including soil loam, (Silt+ Bagasses+ Soil: 1:1:1) and silt+ leaf manure+ soil, (Silt+ Banana leaves+ Bagases+ Soil: 1:1:1). Silt+ Cattle manure+ Fruit vegetable+ Banana leaves. (Silt+ Goat manure+ Cattle+ manure+ Leafe manure: 1:1:1:1) were used for growing Zinnia. The research and during the seasons, 2017 respectively, in the experimental site at the Balochistan agricultural research and development centre, Pakistan. In three replication the experiment was layout in complete randomized design CRD. It provided equivalent importance to treatments. Number of branches per plant, plant height, numbers of leaves, days taken to open first flower, flowers per plant, single flower weight, blooming period and total were determined. The current study approves the fact that selection of the suitable medium of growth for potted flowering plants in this case Z. elegans was very vital from aesthetic and promotion point of view. The average necessity make sure the plant production of the obligatory superiority on cost effective basis. The current study determined leaf manure produced significantly the maximum vase life and diameter of flower while the maximum vase life and diameter of flower was obtained, it results evaluated research study that different growing media might be effectively used to obtain superior worth and yield.


Introduction
Z. elegans are among the most glorious flower of summer annuals planted in Quetta.It belongs to family Compositae and is native to Mexico and Central America.It is easy to cultivate, grown well in full sun and standing good in very hot weather and has beautiful cut flowers with wide variability in colour and shape.The flowers display cheerful colours with study stems and reasonably long vase life and that's why gaining fame as specialty cut flower [1].However, the height ranges from 15 cm to 1 meter.Zinnia is a genus of 20 species and notable for their solitary.The flowers that come in a variety of bright colours with a shape stretching from linear to ovate and pale to medium green in colour.Flowers have a range of presences a single row of petals, to a dome shape, covered in different colours white, chartreuse, yellow, orange, red, purple, and lilac.Zinnias are most famous garden flower is various benefits like to use borders, beds, edges and cut flowers to be an excellent source of overseas exchange [2].Observance in outlook the standing of different growing media smooth with esteem to existing study was planned to comprehend the influence of dissimilar levels of organic manure

Plant height
The effect on plant height of Z. elegans was assessed and the results are shown in (Table 1).It is assumed from the analysis of difference plant height of Z. elegans was significantly (P<0.05)affected this treatments.The produced Zinnia plants of maximum height (45.27 cm), while the Zinnia developed under various media treatment comprised of after five days the produced plants (42.35 cm) height.Similarly, the Zinnia grown the different treatments on media the plants produced relatively shorter height were in control (41.43 cm).The results clearly suggested that growing of Zinnia under various media was the best treatment; and decreasing daylight resulted in significant (P<0.05)rise in plant heights.Although, imposing the under Green house at nursery BARDC Quetta.But the plants grew faster when the daylight imposed.Certainly the adverse of effects on the plants and consequently, slowing growth was observed.But still better this condition.Daylight, sunshine and temperature greatly influence the plant vegetative growth and crop production.These results are further, supported by many researches [17] reported that 2/5 days of Zinnia existed the furthermost effective to give cheerful growth and flowering [18] reported that the days of photosynthesis and light integral are the most important aspects for the ornamental plants which are the mainly growth for their proper growth and flowering purpose [19].Reported that various grown species at 20/14 °C remained 10% to 41% higher compared than grown at 16

Weight of single flower
The effect of organic manure on weight of single flower in Zinnia was examined and the results to this effect are presented in (Table 5).The analysis described significant impact on media of different single weight of flower (P<0.05).Zinnia plants developed under various media and produced heaviest flowers (6.86g), while the zinnias grown under organic manure and produced flowers of (6.41g) weight on average.Similarly, Zinnia grown under various natural organic manure produced average flower weight of (6.32) g; while the longest weight of single flower on average was recorded control treatment (5.81), where the zinnia plants were developed under natural organic manure this higher weight of single flower was mainly too associated with the increased flower diameter.The results also suggested that increasing the flower produced healthier zinnia plants and produced healthy flowers.Hence, for achieving healthy zinnia flowering, the [25] suggested the ornamental plants flowering at 20 °C and days harvest bud smaller amount of zinnia under heater temperatures and lengthier day produced heavier flowers (6.86g) [26] notified increased flowering (6.41g) and weight (6.32g.).
[3].The growth appearances and flowers of Z. elegans agro climatic conditions of Quetta, Pakistan.Floriculture industry is gradually developing in Pakistan.Nursery and flower professional is growing progressively by reason of enrichment in aesthetic perception of the societies.Plant market raising and potting of annuals are vital actions in nurseries specialty cut flower farms.But before farmers practice among nursery flowers growers in Pakistan is the use of soil, silt and farmyard leaf manure as conservative substrates.Too much usage of farmyard manure for others agricultural and energy production due to decreasing availability of farmyard manure [4, 5].Production and use of cut flowers has also improved decade and this rise is projected to carry on due to number of indeterminate causes in Pakistan [6].One of the supreme imperative features in cut flower production is proper quantity of nutrition through the growing period [7], several plant growth regulators have acknowledged outcome to upsurge the vase life of flowers and they can be capably used to augment the shelf life of flowering crops [8].

be wise to treasure substitute substances [14]. Pure soil
The mixture plant leaves compost leaf manure is provide essential nutrients and better growth for plant.Water holding capacity rise fruit manure and enrich manure the nutrient stock capability in soil growing Currently, in Pakistan less work has been carried out on this flowering plant using different growth media sources.Most of the farmers are using chemical fertilizers and peat in order to attain maximum production of flowering plants.The current study is being proposed to study the effect different growing media on growth and flowering of Zinnia (Z.elegans) plant.

Dissimilar treatment mixtures of agricultural wastes used as growing media
T4 Sand + Banana leaves + Bagasse + Soil 1:1:1:1 T5 Sand +Cattle manure +Fruit vegetable + Banana leaves 1:1:1:1 T6 Sand + Goat manure + Cattle manure +leaf manure 1:1:1:1 Statistical analysis All collected data were analyzed concluded a statistical computer software named Statistix 8.1 [16].LSD test was performed.The data were exposed to analysis of modification technique and means were matched via least significant at (P ≤ 0.05).Probability level to compare treatment superiority.

Table 1 . Plant height (cm) of Zinnia as affected by various salinity levels
/22 °C and results has a settlement with

Table 6 . Flowers per plant of Zinnia as affected on various salinity levels
However, the lowest blooming period of (38.73 days), was observed in Zinnia plants developed.It was observed that growing Zinnia under various organic manure was an appropriate in relation to prolonged blooming period.It was further noted that the blooming period of Zinnia was severely affected.This indicated that night time was harmful for the Zinnia as far as the blooming period is concerned.Unlike during flowering of initiation, the longest shelf life.The total flower numbers decreased from 45 flowers to 13 flowers Kalanchoe uniform (a short day plant).[28] reported improvement in flower quality with increase in various organic manure in Zinnias developed under control while the leaf chlorophyll content was 25% and 21 percent in Zinnias grown under sunrays the treatments comprised of respectively.It was observed that increasing the resulted significant (P<0.05) to improve leaf chlorophyll content over control; more than the control.Hence, growing Zinnia under various organic manure proved to be most effective with 35.17oC and reduction in daylight would be harmful for leaf chlorophyll content in Zinnia.The magnitude of the delay increased as the duration of the extension lighting increased.