To assess the fresh water algal diversity in relation to water quality from river Panjkora, district Dir lower, Pakistan

Thirty-five species belong to fresh water are taxonomically identified with the quality of water bodies from the remote areas. The samples are collected from the river Panjkora different sites during February 2015 to August 2016. Algae are collected, identified and describe in the area for the first time and exploration of the local species are presented in this article. The total 35 species belongs to 16 Genera, 15 Families, 12 Orders, 9 classes and 5 Phylum’s having phylum Chlorophyta includes 22 (63%) species, Charophyta 6(17%) species, Euglenophyta 4 (11%) Species, Ochrophyta 2 (6%) species and Rhodophyta 1 (3%) species. The most dominant are Genus Euglena 4 species (24%), Genera Ankistrodesmus, Microspora, Spirogyra and Ulothrix has 3 Species (17%), Genera Chaetophora, Chlamydomonas, Cladophora, Nitella, Oocystis, Stigeoclonium and Volvox has 2 species (12%), Asterococcus, Batrachospermum, Chlorochromonas, Synura, Zygogonium each has 1 species (6%).It is the first inclusive taxonomical study in river Panjokora and its surrounding area, the river Panjkora is rich of algal species further investigations were needed.


Introduction
Algae are widespread in their existence found in every moist place including moist soil throughout the year.In the world lot of taxonomic work is done to classify the algal species but the most promising work is done on freshwater algal species.Algae are the important group of the organism and affect human life both positively and negatively and it is a source of food [1].Algae are the unicellular or multicellular most important photosynthetic life on earth having no true roots, stems and leaves, mostly found in the fresh water and moist places [2].Algae contribute oxygen to the environment [3].It is the primary producers and found in all ecosystems help in the different food chains.It is a direct and indirect source of food for fish, aquatic animals, and men also.Many algae were identified from the freshwater habitats by Hussain et al. [4], Hussain et al.
[7], Leghari,[8], the taxonomic survey of freshwater algae from Multan by Ghazala et al. [9].A checklist of freshwater algae from Baluchistan by Hussain et al. [4].From Azad Kashmir and Panjab Taxonomic studies were done [10].Algae are different form and shapes, some are one cell and some are combining together and live in the form of colony and these worked independently.Dir lower is rich of plant diversity [11].The current literature revels that there is no study done before on fresh water algal diversity from River Panjkora.

Collections
More than 70 samples were collected from different locality of river Panjkora and its surrounding.Algal species were collected in a clean plastic bottle with a capacity of 1 liter from the different site of fresh water bodies in river Panjkora.The collected water is from the depth of 1-3 feet's below the surface waters.The species is collected through hands picking, forceps, direct put the water in bottles.

Taxonomic description of algal species Phylum Rhodophyta Batrachospermum moniliforme (Figure-3, Plate-1)
It is a freshwater alga species and found in cold running water.It is soft thick and chains like Floridian starch are present.Cell size maximums 10-17µ in diameter and 11-16µ long.

Chlorochromonas minuta (Figure-3, Plate-3)
It is fresh water algae found in cold running water.It is soft thick and chains like Floridian starch are present.Cell size maximums 10-17µ in diameter and 11-16µ long.

Euglena gracilis (Figure-3, Plate-5)
The thallus is green and forms a large ball like structure.Cell size maximums 14-17µ in diameter and 12-16µ long.

Euglena oxyuris (Figure-3, Plate-6)
The cell is green and forms a large ball like structure.Cell size maximums 13-17µ in diameter and 11-16µ long.

Euglena proxima (Figure-3, Plate-7)
The body is green and forms a large ball like structure.Cell size maximums 14-17µ in diameter and 14-19µ long.
explored from various parts of Pakistan by Hussain et al. [5], Leghari et al. [6] and Hussain et al. [4].The same results from Karachi in fresh water fresh water algae habitats revealed by Aliya et al [7], Leghari [8], the taxonomic survey of freshwater algae from Multan by Ghazala et al. [9].A total of 68 blue green algal species belonging to 29genera documented from various habitats like rivers, streams, ponds, stagnant water and waste water documented from district Malakand KPK, Pakistan by Hussain et al. [17].The same results from Baluchistan a checklist of freshwater algae documented and identified by Hussain et al. [4].The pH of different water bodies from various freshwater algal habitats, stagnant and running water and waste water bodies explain by Hussain et al. [18].The algal diversity observed in wastewater bodies which is dominated in algal blooms during summer seasons by Hussain and Shah [19].Freshwater algal species belong to 6 genera from the various site of Peshawar valley documented by Hussain et al. [20].

Figure 1 .Figure 2 .
Figure 1.It shows us the Phylum percentages, number of species in the river Panjkora KPK, Pakistan

Figure 7 .
Figure 7.It includes the species 30) Nitellaflexilis 31) Nitella tenuissima 32) Spirogyra aequinoctialis 33) Spirogyra scrobiculata 34) Spirogyra weberi 35) Zygogonium ericetorum East. District Dir is approximately 830 meters above the sea level, experiencing the annual rain falls is 1468mm.It has a boundary with district Chitral on the Northern side, With Bajour and Afghanistan on the Western side, with district Malakand on the southern side, with district Swat on the eastern side.The river Panjkora is a river in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.It originates from the Kohistan Dir upper mountains passing upper and Lower Dir.River Panjkora then joins with river Swat at Sharbatti Bosoq Pull, behind the Totakan district Malakand and then connects with River Kabul at Charsadda in the Peshawar valley.

Table 1 . Relative distribution of algal species in among the different sites of river Panjkora S.No Algal species Hajiabad Daab Kandaroo Tarai ShagoKaas
Chlorides as Cl -1 3.50mg/L, Sodium as Na +1 120mg/L and Nitrates as NO2 -1 1.8mg/L Show in the (Table2).