Effect of breed on carcass traits of Kundhi and Nili Ravi buffalo

Present study was conducted to study the carcass traits of Kundhi and Nili Ravi buffalo. The total 100 animals of Kundhi and Nili Ravi breed were randomly selected and divided into A, B, C and D group. In group A and C there were Kundhi and Nili Ravi male whereas, B and D females of both breeds respectively and the age of animals was around 36 months. The selected animals were slaughtered at slaughter house of Seven Star meat processing company Dhabeji, Thatta. The carcass traits studied including live body weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage and boneless weight. The results revealed that carcass traits live body weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage and boneless weight of Nili Ravi male was significantly higher (P>0.05) as compared to the Kundhi buffalo male, while same carcass traits were also observed highly significant (P>0.01) in Nili Ravi female than Kundhi buffalo female. It was concluded that carcass traits of Nili Ravi buffalo are better expressed and produces more beef than Kundhi buffalo. Likewise Kundhi buffalo male is better in beef production than the Nili Ravi female and Kundhi buffalo female produces low carcass yield.


Dressing percentage
The dressing percentage was calculated using the formula described by [3].DP= (Total carcass ÷ Total LBW) ×100

Breed and gender comparison between Kundhi and Nili Ravi male
The results revealed that the carcass traits of Nili Ravi breed are better than the Kundhi.It was observed that carcass traits including live body weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage and boneless weight of Nili Ravi are significantly higher than Kundhi breed in details given in Table 1.

Breed and gender comparison between Kundhi and Nili Ravi female
The results revealed that the carcass traits of Nili Ravi breed are better than the Kundhi.It was observed that carcass traits including live body weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage and boneless weight of Nili Ravi was significantly higher than Kundhi breed in Table 2.

Description of carcass weight for Kundhi and Nili Ravi (male and female)
Results for carcass yield of Kundhi male and female was observed lower as compared to Nili Ravi male and female.The results showed the significant difference (P>0.05) in Graph 1.

Description of dressing percentage for Kundhi and Nili Ravi (male and female)
The results for the dressing percentage Kundhi male and female were observed lower as compared to Nili Ravi male and female.The results showed the linear significant difference (P>0.05) in Graph 2.

Description of boneless weight for Kundhi and Nili Ravi (male and female)
The results for boneless weight of both breeds while in the male of Kundhi and Nili Ravi was observed non-significant difference (P<0.5) in Graph 3.

Graph 3. Boneless weight Discussion
In the present study, the average live body weights of Kundhi male was significantly higher than the female buffalo.Similarly, Nili Ravi males were heavier than female animals respectively.Similar results were seen by [6, 7], who have reported that the body weight of male Nili Ravi was higher than the female Nili Ravi.It is natural phenomenon that the live body weight of adult male animals is heavier than that of the female.

Carcass weight
The carcass produced from the male of the two breeds were higher than their respective females, findings of our study are in agreement with the results of [8-10], who reported higher 7-5% higher carcass weight in male of Aryshire cattle, while lower in female of similar age.The results of [7, 11], are also in agreement with results of the current study, they have also reported higher carcass weight in males of Brangus cattle and lower carcass weight in females, that is due to natural phenomenon and may also be due to large amount of food intake by male.

Dressing percentage
The results of dressing percentage was higher in the males than females; however, both the males and females of Nili Ravi.Our results are in agreements with the findings of [12-14], who have reported higher carcass weight in Morucha cattle breed male as compared to female.It is believed that the highest quality beef can be harvested from animals below 36 months of age.Similarly, old cows yield very palatable beef if properly fattened and processed [7].

Boneless weight
In our study, the boneless weight from the females of the Nili Ravi breed was higher in yield than their males.However, the relations was opposite in Kundhi buffaloes, where the higher boneless weight was derived from males.The results of the currents study of Kundhi males are in agreement with the results of [6, 14, 15], who reported reports 2.0-2.4% more boneless weight in males as compared to the female of Herefored cows.A possible explanation of this difference could be addressed to the observations made by [16, 13], who have reported that high bone ratio and muscle thickness in bulls as opposed to the cows that are leaner and have lower bone weight, same statement repeated by [3], who have also reported 20-22% higher bone weight in male of Jersey cattle as compared to female.

Conclusion
It was concluded that carcass traits of Nili Ravi are better expressed and produces more beef in comparison to Kundhi.Kundhi male is better in beef production than the Nili Ravi female and Kundhi female produces low carcass yield.

Table 1 . Live Body weight, Carcass weight, Dressing percentage, Boneless weight of Kundhi and Nili-Ravi male
*Means are significantly different at (P<0.05)

Table 2 . Live Body weight, Carcass weight, Dressing percentage, Boneless weight of Kundhi and Nili Ravi female
*Means are significantly different at (P<0.05)