Design Parser For CDM Graph Geneartion in Graph Transformation Based User Interface Modeling

: In the direction of performance analysis form based web application development is reckoned in our work. User interface development part of web application development is further taken into consideration. Navigation aspect is emphasasised; to model navigation class diagram in Unified Modeling Language (UML) to Conceptual Data Model (CDM) mapping is carried through. For achieving transformation, in this study design document is parsed then CDM graph is drawn from parsed design data. Directed CDM graph generation using either critical use case or algorithm is conversed.


INTRODUCTION
Software development begins with information from requirement and design specification; performance the non functional property, its verification is achieved by analysis of requirement and design document.Functional software is delivred if it addresses requirements and design specifications.Software with performance property is delivered if requirement and design specifications are accurately mapped.Conceptual data model is the most abstract form of data model.The development of CDM is a design activity influenced by various kinds of knowledge including both application domain knowledge and data modelling representation and process knowledge.Graph transformation is the process of transforming one form of the graph into another fom algorithmically; it is the rule based manipulation of graphs (Ehrig et al., 1999).Performance engineering field and graph transformation field have similar notations like petri nets, process algebra; due to this reason performance analysis can be performed with graph transformation appoach.Article by Jaime et al. (2000) proposes OO-Hmethod for software production from conceptual models considering conceptual design and conceptual modelling patterns.Navigation access diagram to illustrate navigation model is introduced as part of their work; authors state its required to have at least one navigation access diagram for each user type.Software performance engineering field's critical use case based software execution model might be used for representating navigation in the form of graph.Martin (2009) propose mapping of logical data model to user interface model based on graph transformation for modeling user interface elements.In the initial stage of this work CDM graph generation need to be performed; for CDM graph generation navigation aspect need to be taken into account.Towards this goal, in this study an attempt is made to automate design mapping in software development before code is built, we have mapped class diagram to CDM graph, in addition development needs navigation details; navigation support from the wok of Jaime et al. (2000) is referred.Graph transfomation approach by Martin (2009) is related to navigation concept present in work of Jaime et al. (2000) as part of our work.Work by Mohan et al. (2014) focusses performance analysis and for the process of performance analysis; software performance engineering principles, process and models are used.Another approach is CDM graph generation from UML class diagram as mentioned in work of Suneeta and Mohan (2014) with the help of algorithm.In this study an enhancement in the form of design document parsing has been done.Form based web application development is considered here, its user interface development is modeled; for modeling CDM is used and graph transfomation is used to simulate navigation through the application.et al. (1998) categorized web pages into two groups as text based and GUI or metaphor based; text based is functional and metaphor based is form based. Chun-Cheng (2010) used interviews with users like type scale rating and principal component analysis to collect and analyze data, author discuss design criteria and main factors influencing web interface design.Article by Kuo-Wei et al. (2011) converses redesigned user interface for a case study by considering users degree of cognitive and information acceptance giving importance to human computer interaction.Importance of user interface along with difficulty in design and implementation of user interface is communicated by Brad (1993).Authors set up an extension of conceptual modeling approach known as OO-H method that supports the conceptual design of web applications (Jaime et al., 2000).As part of work carried through authours Hallvard (2002) propose a framework for classifying design representations and task modelling language.Antovic´ et al.Background: Our work whose emphasis is implementation of software performance engineering to achieve non functional property performance, makes use of software performanc engineering field perfomance objectives, software performance engineering process, software execution model along with these even performance analysis activity is considered which is an imporatnt component.Then continues with modeling methodology which includes user interface modeling since user interface modeling is taken as first step of our work, software execution model is incorporated to represent navigation aspect of user interface.Graph transformation approach is used to transform class diagram to CDM graph.Thus navigation aspect is represented with the help of one of the two ways mentioned below:

Thomas
 Navigation determined by software excution model framed by following critical use case  Navigation determined with the help of graph tranformation algorithm Requirement and design analysis, based on performance analysis will be step in achieveing performance attributes like response time, scalability and throughtput in the field of software performance engineering; this design and requirement analysis are part of proactive software performance engineering.Requirement analysis to identify type of software system can be performed by identifying keywords that are part of software requirement specification; then appropriate graph representation to model development is associated.Advantage of modeling is rework can be reduced; to streamline work in this direction we started with software system development which is narrowed to web application development and further cut down to form based user interface development of web application with the help of user interface modelling as given below in Fig. 2.
Conceptual Parameters of our work are tabulated in the Table 1 given next.
Algorithm CDM_partial_directedGraph // Adopted for generalization specialization associations: Steps followed in the process are shown in Fig. 3. Output CDM graph is used for logical data model to user interface modeling mapping which is present in work of Martin (2009) we have referred this graph for navigation aspect to develop user interface, using user interface modeling.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Methodology proposed here as shown in Fig. 1   Definition to draw graph is written by referring output text file which is result of design parsing; graph generated is shown under results header as given below in Fig. 8, to this graph UML-CDM algorithm is applied to generate directed graph given in Fig. 9.
Figure 5  Edges in output graph focus on analyst's expectation of navigation through the application by following approach mentioned herein, in absence of this kind of approach, developer has to design forms addressing all the possible navigations.

CONCLUSION
Proactive performance engineering can be realized by incorporating performance objectives or principles in early development stages of software development.Specifically in requirements gathering and design phases, analysis performed in these stages will result in performance valued software development.Modeling approach with graph transformation can be effective by relating these parameters, as part of our research work we have performed design document parsing.This task will ensure mapping of analyst's specification to implementation.Class diagram specification for user interface development has been transformed to CDM directed graph, directed CDM represents navigation aspect; advantage of this approach is requirement achievement with modeling by reducing rework.Future work in this direction can be measuring amount of work reduced and generation of all possible graphs showing all navigation paths allowing the designer to choose appropriate one, integrating all modules of our work in the form of tool.
(2012) have analysed entities, their attributes relationship and their influence on the user interface in addition its indicated that software requirements are the basis of developing good user interfcae.Work of Nora and Andreas (2002) implements semi automatic generation of web applications from design models.Dorina (2009) contends about non functional properties such as performance, scalability, reliability, security and safety; Model driven approach for user interface development has been implemented as part of this work; descibed as given next, Process of design document specification to CDM graph mapping begins by reading the design in the form of UML class diagram, then from this design class names and associations are extracted.Design document in XMI fom is parsed to fetch class names and associations; this output is stored in a file, from this file content graph is drawn.Steps of this process are shown in Fig. 1 in addition steps are implemented in methodology section of the paper, Contribution of this paper: Design document parsing, drawing graph from design document parsed data.

Fig. 3 :
Fig. 3: Class diagram to CDM graph mapping (Steps) Algorithm CDM_partial_directedGraph (adj[][]) //algorithm for directed edge insertion with partially directed //graph as input //Input: graph with partial edge directions (Boolean value) from UML class diagram has been implemented and tested for case studies referred from http://www.uml-diagrams.org/class-diagramsexamples.html, it was observed that class diagram mapping in the form of CDM graph helps in analysis of the process from the navigation viewpoint, implementation has been carried through in Java by considering parser present in javax.Consider case study of Student Attendance Entry software.Student attendance entry: This software allows faculty to enter attendance of students for different subjects taught by faculties.Description of system in UML class diagram form is given in Fig. 4 (along with algorithm application) results obtained in terms of number of directed edges and number of edges in input graph is depicted in Fig. 5. Class names are shown in screenshot given below.XMI representation for this example along with UML class diagram element's mapping with XMI id's (marked in bold) is shown below (Fig. 6).XMI id's generated for classes student, faculty etc and for association's are shown in the Fig. 7, arrows indicate element to which id is associated.

Fig. 4 :Fig. 6 :Fig
Fig. 4: Input and screenshot shows number of edges in input UML class diagram and number of edges in directed CDM graph.Number of edges in input UML class diagram shows associations present in scenario description; number of edges in directed output graph shows navigation aspect in user interface modelling.Number of edges in output graph is derived first by parsing design document then applying directed CDM graph generation algorithm.Number of edges in the input UML class diagram is more than number of output edges in the resultant graph.

Table 1 :
Conceptual parameters of our work Result of the above algorithm implementation i.e., class names and associations are stored in text file, from this text file CDM graph showing navigation aspect of application is drawn.Further this undirected graph is transformed to directed graph using either:  Sequence diagram steps of critical use case as present in work of Mohan et al. (2014)  Using algorithm given below referred from the wok of Suneeta and Mohan (2014)