Sakurajima Volcano consists of two main stratovolcanoes, Kitadake and Minamidake, which are composed of pyroclastic rocks and lava flows of pyroxene andesites and dacites. The basement rocks are composed of sedimentary rocks such as shale, sandstone, and acidic tuff, welded tuff, and granitic rocks. Geomorphology, large-scale historic eruptions, and the classification of surface textures of andesitic lava flows are briefly summarized. Volcanic history on the basis of the correlation between tephrochronology and the welded pyroclastic deposits is also presented. Taisho and An-ei lavas extruded at the later stage of the eruptions contain microphenocrysts of olivine. Orthopyroxenes of Bunmei pumice of later stage are rich in En content than those of early stage. These facts suggest that the volcanic products of the large eruptions were derived from zoned magma chambers.