Development of Educational Crossword Puzzle Games in Arabic Vocabulary Learning For Madrasah Aliyah S tudent’s

This research examined the production of an educational crossword puzzle game used to facilitate Arabic vocabulary learning in Madrasah Aliyah. Using the Research and Development Approach by Borg and Gall, the authors used 4 stages to produce the product: exploration, product development, testing, and finalization. After analyzing the data using Research and Development (RnD) methods, the results show a score of 5 (very good category) and validated media experts with a score of 4.8. (Very good category), and limited trials with a score of 4.4 (very good category) and field trials with a score of 4.5 (good category). Further research is needed to expand this vocabulry learning technique beyond this small dataset.


Introduction
Arabic has long been developed in Indonesia, but it seems that learning Arabic has not been without problems until now. One of them is the problem in terms of the use of methods during the process of learning Arabic. The method has a fairly important role in terms of the successful application of the material presented. The application of an inappropriate method will obscure the objectives to be achieved at the end of the learning process. Therefore, in delivering Arabic language material, you should always pay attention to the goals to be achieved from the teaching, so that there is an agreement between the methods applied and the goals to be achieved. 1 This is like what happened at MA Fatwa Alim Tulung, where in learning Arabic the desired results are not in accordance with the planned objectives. The not optimal learning of Arabic at MA Fatwa Alim Tulung can be seen from the still minimal vocabulary of mufrodat, weak mastery of Arabic structure, poor writing skills, weak mastery of conversational sentences (muhadatsah). This problem is like what was conveyed by Mr.
Furthermore, on this occasion Mr. Purwoko said that the main cause of the not optimal learning of Arabic at MA Fatwa Alim Tulung was the inappropriate method. The method used at that time was the lecture method where the teacher as one of the learning components became the center of learning by conveying material orally and students listened. He found it difficult and confused in developing Arabic language learning media for class X students at Madrasah Aliyah Fatwa Alim Tulung. Therefore it is necessary to have an important role in providing solutions to these learning barriers. This is in accordance with the opinion of Pamela, 2 Mabruri, 3 Daud,4 and Kadir 5 that teachers need to have the skills in choosing the right method to facilitate the delivery of the material being studied. This is in accordance with what was conveyed by Ahmad Muhtadi Anshor that in teaching Arabic the method is one of the means to achieve the goal of teaching. The more precise the method, the more effective it will be in achieving the learning objectives. No matter how detailed Arabic teaching materials are, if a teacher does not use the right method, he will experience confusion or the results will not be optimal.  Jurnal Al-Ta'dib, Vol. 7, No. 2, 2014. Arabic. So a teacher only needs to select methods that affect the results of learning such as the learning environment, students' interests and motivation, learning facilities and resources, but all of that is not the main obstacle encountered at MA Fatwa Alim Tulung in learning Arabic, because the learning environment at the school is very supportive of learning Arabic, this can be seen from every place and objects in the school environment marked with Arabic names. This is in accordance with Umro 6 , Rahmawati 7 , Tabi'in 8 that a teacher must have the competence to choose the right method that can increase student motivation. in learning Arabic.
Students' interest and learning motivation are not the main obstacles in learning Arabic at MA Fatwa Alim Tulung, because the school is one of the schools with extracurricular diversity related to Arabic such as Tahfidz Al-Qur'an, Read and Write Al -Qur'an an (BTA), Qiroah and Calligraphy. So that this is enough to motivate and encourage students' interest in learning so that they are more active in participating in learning Arabic.
Madrasah Aliyah Fatwa Alim Tulung is a school with adequate facilities, this can be seen from the class conditions which are very good, clean, internet network that can be used by teachers and students, sound systems available in several corners of the building, projectors and LCDs available and Books that are quite complete in the library as a reference. 9 The use of inappropriate methods in learning Arabic at MA Fatwa Alim Tulung requires efforts to replace Arabic learning methods with appropriate methods in learning Arabic by teachers at MA Fatwa Alim Tulung. With the hope that the results of learning Arabic can be maximized. One of the efforts made is to replace the lecture method with the educational game method. In general, students like to learn while playing. Learning while playing using game learning media allows active participation of students in learning. 11 This is in accordance with the opinion of Nailur 12 , Iskandar 13 , Ardiansyah 14 , Silfiyah 15 that games are one of the teacher's media to motivate students to play an active role in learning activities. 16 Especially in learning Arabic vocabulary which is the basis for being able to master various other language skills. Jumatiyah 17 explained that various efforts were made so that learning Arabic was able to achieve learning objectives, including the singing method. In research conducted by Soraya Aldena 18 , singing as a learning method and media can increase students' understanding of Arabic vocabulary by up to 90%. 19 In this research the Rappe game 20 explains in one of the articles that there are various ways or methods in learning Arabic, the min-mem method, the flash card method, the crossword puzzle method, the performance method, the qawaid tarjamah method., and the direct method. Vira 21 , Vivin 22 , Nurul 23 , Imam 24 , Sukirman 25 , and Khaira 26 explains that Crosswords are puzzles in the form of questions that must be answered by entering the answers into the available boxes both horizontally and vertically. Media crosswords puzzle learning is a brain-sharpening game through searching and memorizing the right words for answers in the boxes provided.

Research Method
This study uses a Research and Development (RnD) approach. Borg and Gall (1983) state that development research is a process used to develop and validate educational products. 27 in Emzir, states that the educational development model is based on industries that use research findings in designing new products and procedures. With research these models are systematically tested in the field, evaluated, improved to obtain specific criteria regarding effectiveness, quality or the same standard.
The procedure or research design used in this research adapts several development models. The model used as a reference in this study is the development research model of Borg and Gall (1987: 774 -786) which then simplifies the research and development steps into 4 main stages, namely exploration, product development, testing, and finalization. 28

Results and Discussion
Research and development in order to produce learning media products in the form

A. Exploration
Exploration is carried out in three steps. These steps are a preliminary study in the form of need analysis of the learning media used by the teacher, reviewing relevant literature theory, and compiling instruments.

B. Product Development
The development of media products begins with designing learning media. The design of instructional media is made based on a collection of information, curriculum analysis, syllabus, competency standards and basic competencies, as well as an analysis of the needs of teachers and students regarding learning media.
Making the initial design of the crossword educational game media begins with determining the concept and theme to be used. The selected concepts and themes are images that will represent ideas from developers that are adapted to the results of gathering information at the previous stage which are expected to be in accordance with the characteristics and needs of teachers and students so that later crossword puzzle books can become interesting and fun learning media to use. by teachers and students at Madrasah Aliyah Fatwa Alim Tulung.

C. Product Assessment by Experts
The product that has been developed is a crossword puzzle book. The product must first be checked and assessed by experts before the learning media product can be tested on students. The intended check is that the product design is first printed on A4sized paper to check the image quality, font size, color combination, and clarity of writing. Assessment (product validation) by experts is carried out through expert judgment.
In an effort to determine the feasibility and weaknesses of the media product being developed, an assessment (validation) is carried out by experts who are competent in their field. Validation was carried out by material experts and media experts. Validation data by material experts and media experts are as follows.

D. Product Trials
Preliminary trials or preliminary field testing were carried out to obtain data.
Observational data and questionnaires were collected and then analyzed. At this stage, the trial was carried out by taking 1 class X student of Madrasah Aliyah Fatwa Alim Tulung as the subject. The total score obtained in the main trials individually was 177 so that if calculated the average reached 4.4. These results show an increase compared to the results of previous trials. Based on the guidelines for converting quantitative to qualitative data, multimedia products are still included in the "Very Good" category.
Based on observations, the test subjects (students) looked enthusiastic when using the Arabic crossword educational game media. They answered the crossword puzzle questions one by one with great enthusiasm and enthusiasm. If the answer matches the box provided, they will smile while voicing their joy. 29 Based on the table above, it can be seen that the total score obtained is 721 so that the average becomes 4.5. If the data is converted into qualitative form, then the product being developed is included in the "very good" category. In addition to giving quantitative assessments, students also commented on Arabic crossword products. Some of the comments given included: Students felt happy and more enthusiastic about learning Arabic vocabulary. 30 And book printing is more clarified.

E. Product Description The end of the Arabic crossword puzzle
The final product of the Arabic crossword puzzle is packaged in the form of a small book, in the form of a landscape.

F. Pre Test and Post Test
The pre-test is carried out before students start learning using crossword puzzles as educational media. This was done with the aim of knowing students' initial abilities in Arabic lessons, especially mufradat or vocabulary material. After learning using the crossword educational game media, a post-test is carried out. The post-test was conducted to find out whether there was a change in students' abilities in learning Arabic vocabulary.
To find out the effectiveness of the use of educational crossword puzzle media, an experiment was carried out by comparing the conditions before and after. 31 The crossword puzzle educational game media is said to be used as a medium for learning Arabic vocabulary in class X Madrasah Aliyah Fatwa Alim Tulung. This refers to the average score obtained during the pre-test and then compared with the average score during the post-test. The results of the comparison show that there is an increase in the average score obtained by students. 32 Educational game media crossword puzzles are designed as media for learning Arabic vocabulary with the aim of being able to provide benefits to students, including: (1) Being an alternative media in learning at Madrasah Aliyah, especially class X Arabic subject with Arabic vocabulary material. (2) Being a game tool that can be used for independent and group learning. (3) Become a game tool that can be used for learning both inside and outside the classroom. (4) Being part of a learning strategy in an effort to improve Arabic vocabulary skills in a more interesting way. (5) Being a medium that is easy and fun to use by students. The effectiveness of media use is based on calculating the difference in the average number of different scores (difference) using the formula with results Q= 21, dk = (n-1) = (20-1) = 19, t table value = 2.860, t count equal to.
Guided by the hypothesis that has been formulated as follows, namely: Ho is accepted if = -t(1-1/2α) < t count < t (1-1/2α), (n-1) and Ho is rejected if = t count ≥ t table Based on the calculation above, Ho is rejected and Hi is accepted, which means that the pre-test mean score is significantly different from the post-test average score.  ', Vol. 37, No. 1, 2012. This shows that learning activities that use Arabic crossword educational games as media in learning language vocabulary skills can improve students' vocabulary mastery abilities.
So it can be said that the Arabic crossword educational game media is effectively used in learning Arabic. 33

Conclusion
Research and development activities for educational game media products crossword puzzles on learning Arabic vocabulary aimed at class X students at Madrasah Aliyah Fatwa Alim Tulung have been carried out in accordance with research procedures.
At the validation stage, material experts gave very good ratings and media experts gave good ratings. Based on the assessment of material experts and media experts, crossword puzzle educational media declared "feasible" to be tested on class X students at Madrasah Aliyah Fatwa Alim Tulung. In the preliminary trial, the crossword puzzle media received a very good rating, the main trial received a very good rating, and the field trial also received a very good rating. Based on the results of the comparison of the pre-test and post-test scores, it showed a significant difference in the average score and crossword educational game media declared effective as a medium for learning Arabic vocabulary for class X students at Madrasah Aliyah Fatwa Alim Tulung.