STUDY OF VEGETABLE CROP PEELING BY BRUSH WORKING HEAD Aliyev S.H., Researcher Azerbaijan Technological University, Azerbaijan E-mail: shakiraliyev@mail.ru ABSTRACT It is set a challenge of constructing a dynamic model of the brush working head of the washing and cleaning machine in the preparation o

It is set a challenge of constructing a dynamic model of the brush working head of the washing and cleaning machine in the preparation of vegetable tubers on the line of canned vegetables production. They are specified conditions of forming of an array of lint brush under the action of forces applied to it during operation. It is compiled the design scheme of interaction between the working head and the process material. Based on the prepared scheme they are determined formulas determining the forces acting on the brush working head. The physical meaning of these relations is determined. It has been established that there is an additional frictional force influencing on the working head. This force is caused by the elastic deformation and discontinuities in the organ of the working head. This force depends on the geometrical parameters, namely on the angle of inclination of the process material against the horizontal and the inclination angle of friction force between the rib and the top-side of the lint characterizing deformations and discontinuities. The resulting formulas are basic relations describing the ratio of brush working heads with cleaned vegetable tubers.

One of the main technological processes of canned vegetables production is the raw materials washing and purification, as well as its peeling.Vegetables at the canning enterprises can be contaminated with soil, sand and dust.All raw materials are washed thoroughly in cold running water until whole removal of mechanical impurities and partial microorganisms' removal.
For purification of vegetable raw materials (carrot and red beet) they are treated in hot caustic solutions followed by washing in a drum washing machine with water supplied under pressure.
When leaving the pressurized zone a peel is broken because of moisture selfevaporation in the subcutaneous layer, and then it is separated in the washing and cleaning machine under the action of rotating brushes and water jets [1,2].
In these machines, the brush working heads, being final assembly, play an important role in ensuring the requirements imposed on the process.However, insufficient knowledge of the process is a limiting factor in its structural and technological improvement.Thus consideration of the basis of calculation of these working heads on the line of root vegetables peeling is an urgent task.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Workflow of any brush is based on the friction between its working surface and cleaning organ.However, neither the classical theory of dry friction or additions made to it, do not apply to the investigation of the dynamic interaction between the brush and the purifying object.Great efforts on friction [3][4][5] are based on the assumption that the surface of each of the friction organs always has nature of a continuous surface.Meanwhile, during the interaction with the purified material working brush surface may experience large elastic deformation.Therefore, they cannot be ignored additional forces of friction between the brush surface and roots treated by it, since they are not small compared with the adhesive and hysteresis tribonic forces, the combined effect of which can be estimated using the dry friction coefficient.It must be taken deformed brush pile stipulated Purifying root can be intruded the brush, but also forming breaks can not be replaced when the root brush and geometric continuous to the brush working heads, contrary subsequent modifications [6,7].
It follows that for the study of washing and cleaning machine, when one of the friction organs It is necessary to develop Let F is a body of array ψ, the distance between them consists of a cylindrical fibers action only of gravitational forces another, their center lines are each villi (lower) is cantilevered the villi distribution density is constant plane ψ0, ν (Ω) -the number and Ω1 and Ω2 -arbitrary equal fibers are made of the same material (Young's modulus and Poisson's connected together and their contact; f) fibers test elastic corresponding support reactions intruded in villi array, not only deforming the breaks in it.Therefore it ceases to be a continuous the construction of a dynamic model of interaction continuous surface.These well-known experimental contrary to the proposals, underlying Coulomb 7].study of the working process performed by brush machine, classical theory of dry friction should be organs can be broken or deformed.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
develop a dynamic model of the brush working head of flat brush villi, which is limited by two parallel them is continuous in the absence of external (rods and villi) that satisfy the following conditions: forces all fibers are right circular cylinders are perpendicular to the planes ψ0 and ψ; b) one cantilevered in the plane ψ0, the other (the free end) lies constant (i.e. if Ω is a bounded simply connected of villi, the lower ends of which are fixed inside equal figures in the plane ψ0, then ν (Ω1) = ν material and have the same density, that is why Poisson's ratio) are the same for all of the villi; e) mechanical impact on one another can be elastic deformation; g) under the action of external reactions each villus behaves like a thin rod.
-The forces acting on the brush working head in space.To do this, it is necessary to select basic system.They are given: line l, where planes between them (α; 0 <α <π / 2), plane ψ0 lies F is clearly defined.
rectangular parallelepiped disposed so that parallelepiped plane ψ, which is a unilateral geometric relationship, parallelepiped Θ is located in the initial position above parallel or perpendicular to it.parallelepiped Θ rests relationship, superimposed above the line l, and 2. Roughness of plane sides facing one to the other and of the edge ψ is uniform, that is, none of the possible direction of the body Θ slip on the plane ψ does not stand out among the other.3. The body Θ is homogeneous.4. Between bodies F and Θ only dry friction forces act (indicate coefficient of friction and the angle f and φ respectively). 5.The main point of the system S of the active forces applied to the body Θ is equal to the zero vector, and its main vector F  has the symmetry center O of the parallelepiped Θ as the point of application.It acts in the plane Θ perpendicular to the line l and passes through the point O.
 is normal and is   coplanar to the plane ψ, then the vector forms an acute angle with the gravity direction, i.e. the force F  pushes the body Θ to the plane ψ. 7. The length of the side edge of the parallelepiped Θ is sufficiently small, so that the tilting moment caused by the force   can be neglected without any results accuracy sacrificing.From conditions 1...7 implies that the rotational movement of the body Θ is impossible.It may rest with respect to the plane φ0, slide along it, or introduced into the body F (driving while progressively).Suppose that the following conditions are met: penetration of the parallelepiped Θ in the body F can be regarded in the quasi-static approximation (i.e. they can be neglected inertia forces generated by the body Θ movement, lies in its implementation in the body F, while accuracy of the results will be sufficient); at penetration of the parallelepiped Θ in the body F its face (ϭ) is parallel to its initial position, and the section of the parallelepiped Θ of arbitrary plane, perpendicular to the line l, moves, staying in the plane Θ.
With the help of a mechanical system consisting of bodies F and Θ, it can be described with a high degree of accuracy the brush interaction with root crop (its role plays the body Θ during its workflow).
Breaks in the body F, caused by the parallelepiped Θ penetration are stipulated by the buckling of the villi, which receive impact of the body Θ by their free ends.We call these villi as carriers.When moving the body Θ (paragraph 1), some carrier villi returns to the original (undeformed) position and other villi raised by the parallelepiped edge (ϭ) become carriers.
Let l 0 be the line closest to the line l.Buckling of bearing villi leads to the fact that loose ends experience movement, directed to the plane ψ0.It entails the formation of contact between the rib l 0 and the side surfaces of the villi, located directly below carriers (in the figure it is given section of bodies F and Θ of the plane Θ: rib l 0 is projected to a point G, and the villi contacting with it, to a villus with loose end R).It raises the impact force of the purifying object on villi, side surfaces of which contact with side l 0 .
We determine the system of forces applied to villi.Let m be its mass.Suppose that the only active external force acting in the considered mechanical system is the weight mg.We expand it to normal to the plane ψ and to components , , coplanar to it.According to experimental data, the power   is balanced by a set of elastic reaction generated by buckling of bearing villi.Therefore only the force  is applied to the villi, side surfaces of which are in contact with the edge l 0 .If P is a number of these villi, then a force P   coplanar to geometrical axis [8] corresponding to the villi acts on any of them.This force causes the flat bending of the villi, which geometric axis becomes curved and elastic villi line [9].Coulomb friction forces acts between the side surface of each of these villi and rib l 0 .These forces under the conditions (g) can be considered as applied along the tangent to the elastic villi line in the direction opposite to the movement of the body Θ.
Select any of the villi, the side surfaces of which come into contact with an edge l 0 .Condition (g) suggests that contact occurs at a single point; denoted it by G.We can also assume, while maintaining high accuracy that villus coincides with the elastic line.The angle between the tangent to the elastic villi line drawn at the point G and passing through the edge l 0 perpendicular to the side edge (σ) of the parallelepiped Θ is the same for each of the villi that are in contact with the side l 0 (in the figure -angle NGL); this angle is denoted by β; . 2 0     β = const at the equilibrium position of the considered mechanical system.Movement of the body Θ is limited only by frictional forces between the face (σ) and the upper bearing of slice villi, as well as between the rib l 0 and the side surfaces of the villi touching it.Let the principal vectors of these two forces be 0 According to the theorem on the angles with mutually perpendicular sides From the part of the body Θ a system of parallel forces with resultant   is applied to the villi that are in contact with the edge l 0 .Its point of application is the intersection of the plane Θ with the edge l 0 (in the figure -point G).We expand the force in two components acting in the plane Θ, one of which is perpendicular to the line MN (in the figure I G  ), the other is collinear [10] to it and is directed towards the displacement of the body Θ, that is from G to N (this power is not given in the figure because we do not use it in the future).From triangle IGH (in which According to relations (2), ( 5) and ( 9), the condition ( 1 Establish the physical meaning of these relations.To this end, we set β = 0 in the inequalities (12) and (13) (i.e.suppose that the body F does not experience any deformations or ruptures, resulting tribonic interaction of bodies Θ and F takes place in accordance with the Amontons-Coulomb laws [11].Formulas (12) and ( 13

F
deformation of the reaction of working surface of continuous surface and interaction between the experimental data relating Coulomb tribonics and its brush working heads be taken into account head (Figure1).parallel planes ψ0 and external load; the body conditions: a) under the cylinders congruent to one one of the bases of lies in the plane ψ; c) connected domain in the inside the domain Ω, ν (Ω2); d) all of the why elastic constant e) villi are not rigidly carried out only by external forces and select arbitrary fixed planes ψ0 and H are below the plane ψ.
figure J G F     mgf is the module of additional friction force acting on the body Θ and caused by elastic deformations and breaks in the body F. This force depends on the geometric parameters α and β, characterizing these deformations and breaks.Represent relations (12) and (13) in the following form: