THE POSSIBLE SUBJECTS WITH PUBLIC AUTHORITY IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Purpose: This study was aimed at analyzing the constitutional consolidation of the oath in the states of Eastern Europe, using various criteria. 
Methodology: The present study was carried out based on a dialectical approach to investigate legal phenomena and processes, using general scientific (system, logical, analysis and synthesis) and private scientific methods. 
Result: The findings of the study were systematized with a certain sequence and set out taking into account recipients of the oath; identification of the oath as a legal fact for acquisition/loss of the legal status of a subject of public authority, and general and specific provisions in the texts of the oath. 
Applications: This research can be used for the universities, teachers and politic students. 
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of public authority in European countries is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.


INTRODUCTION
Truly, all human knowledge is developed based on the comparison. Comparison is a universal toolkit, the main purpose of which is assisting the process of obtaining information. In this most general sense, the comparative method in law is applied for acquisition of knowledge in relevant areas [Peteri, 2016;Ahmadi, e al. 2014;DALIR, et al. 2014;Seitkazy, et al. 2016]. In this regard, constitutional and legal norms formalizing the oath in foreign countries are no exception.
Oath may acquire additional features, with regard to the constitutional sphere, for example, if provided by the country's constitution; it addresses certain constitutional entities; receiving the constitutional formalization of the text sometimes along with mentioning something sacred and valuable [Alan, 20135]. In connection with the oath, conditions and procedures may be prescribed for its delivery, as well as the consequences of not bringing or bringing with reservations [Marhgejm, 2017, p. 61].
The analysis and systematization of the presented manifestations of oath within the framework of this study was carried out by the authors of this study, in relation to the constitutions of the states of Eastern Europe.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The present study was carried out based on a dialectical approach to investigate legal phenomena and processes, using general scientific (system, logical, analysis and synthesis) and private scientific methods. The latter include formal -legal, linguistic -legal, comparative-legal, collectively used to identify provisions that establish the procedure for taking an oath. The results of studies previously carried out were also used in the current study [Aleksandr, e al. 2017, p. 323-327]. The focus group consisted of countries of Eastern European, texts of the constitutions of which were taken from the database of Internet-library "Constitutions of the States (Countries) of the World" [Maginga, e al. 2018;de Paulo, et al. 2018;Matandare, 2018].

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Similar to states of Eastern Europe, Russia is a republic. Accordingly, one of the objectives of this study is to identify patterns and features of the constitutionalizing of the oath of public subjects using the examples of such experience [Palidauskaite, 2004]. The initial analysis of texts of constitutions related to the countries in the study group made it possible to identify the first law representing the oath rules called typical, since only one basic law, the Constitution of It is believed that, the wording "Loyalty to the country", according to Part 2 of Article 50 of the Constitution of Romania is referred to the notion of oath, as it reflects: "Citizens entrusted with the exercise of public functions, as well as military personnel, are responsible for proper performance of their duties and to do this, they must take the oath as required by law." Thus, this provision actually addresses all people who officially exercise authority in the country, as well as military personnel Curtin, D. (1990).
It is noteworthy that oath is indeed a direct attribute of the legal status of a person exercising state functions in the manner prescribed by law. In the texts of constitutions, this is expressed in formulations clarifying acquisition of status upon taking the oath and, conversely, in the case of inappropriate attitude towards it Slimani, N., Deharveng, G., Unwin, I. -"Before embarking on the implementation of the mandate, deputies take an oath before the Seym; refusal to take an oath means the renunciation of the mandate" (Article 104 of the Constitution of Poland); -"A member of the Seimas who fails to take an oath in accordance with the procedure established by law, or who has taken a conditional oath loses the mandate of a member of the Seimas" (Article 59 of the Constitution of Lithuania); -"In the first sitting, the National representatives take an oath ..." (Article 76 of the Constitution of Bulgaria); -"A candidate, whose election has been validated, takes the oath before the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate in a joint sitting" (part 2 of article 82 of the Constitution of Romania); -"In the sitting of National Council of the Slovak Republic, the deputy takes an oath, at the first session which he /she attends, Refusal of taking the oath or oath with reservation entails the loss of the mandate" (Article 75 of the Constitution of Slovakia); -"The deputy and senator take the oath in the first sitting of the Chamber of Deputies / Senate, which he/she attends (Art. 23 of the Constitution of Czech Republic), and also "mandate of the deputy or senator is terminated in cases of refusal of taking the oath or taking the oath with reservation" (Art. 25 of the Constitution of Czech Republic); "Before taking up his duties, a member of the State Assembly takes an oath of office" (Article 61 of the Constitution of Estonia).
The following versions of constitutional provisions were revealed, with regard to the conjugation of the oath taken by the members of the government with their legal status: -"Before starting to fulfill their duties, the Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Minister and Ministers take the oath" (Article 99 of the Constitution of Albania); -"Before starting to fulfill their duties, the Prime Minister and ministers take an oath at the Seimas, to remain loyal to the Republic of Lithuania" (Article 93 of the Constitution of Lithuania); -"The prime minister and ministers take an oath before the State Assembly after the elections or, the appointment" (Article 113 of the Constitution of Slovenia); The statements associated with oath of judges were presented in the following: Among all the constitutions analyzed, the Constitution of Lithuania was singled out particularly, since in one norm (Article 74), it has been provided that violation of oath of the President of the Republic, chairman and judges of the Constitutional Court, chairman and judges of the Supreme Court, chairman and judges of the Court of Appeal, and members of the Seimas, results in suspension from office or deprivation of the mandate of a member of the Seimas. Thus, this basic law is referred to as the violation of the oath addressing a wide range of subjects exercising power and is considered as the basis for loss of the corresponding legal status.
Also, the Constitution of Lithuania was found to be different based on presenting a detailed procedure for "activating" status of the president, namely: -The elected President of the Republic takes up his duties the day after the expiration of the term of office of the former President of the Republic, and after he takes the oath in Vilnius before the national representatives, and members of the Seimas; -The act of taking the oath by President of the Republic is signed by him and Chairman of the Constitutional Court, and in his absence -by one of the judges of the Constitutional Court (Article 82).

CONCLUSIONS
Direct analysis of the texts related to the oath envisaged for various subjects in the constitutions of states of Eastern Europe made it possible to draw a number of conclusions.