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Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии

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Обзор представлений о роли пролактина и пролактиновых рецепторов в репродуктивной системе женщин с наружным генитальным эндометриозом

https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-2-84-89

Аннотация

Многочисленные исследования на животных моделях наделяют пролактин (ПРЛ) множественными функциями, как физиологическими (размножение, лактация, рост, метаболизм, транспорт и поведение электролитов), так и патологическими (иммунитет и канцерогенез). ПРЛ является гормоном ацидофильных клеток передней доли гипофиза. За последнее десятилетие появилось много открытий в отношении функций пролактина и его рецептора (PRL-R). Пролактин оказывает свое действие, связываясь с мембраносвязанными рецепторными изоформами, известными как рецепторы длинной и короткой форм. PRL-R экспрессируется в различных тканях, таких как молочная железа, предстательная железа, яичники, клетки иммунной системы, адипоциты, печень и др. Одна из самых известных функций ПРЛ – стимуляция пролиферации и дифференцировки клеток молочной железы, необходимых для лактации. Модели на животных предоставили информацию о биологии пролактиновых белков и дают убедительные данные, что каждая изоформа ПРЛ имеет независимые биологические функции. Важно помнить, что чрезмерная секреция этого гормона связана с такими симптомами как гипогонадизм и бесплодие. На сегодняшний день до 40% всех случаев женского бесплодия обусловлено гиперпродукцией ПРЛ. Одной из причин бесплодия является сочетание гиперпролактинемии и наружного генитального эндометриоза, которое в настоящее время недостаточно изучено. Актуальными остаются определение роли ПРЛ и дофамина в патогенезе бесплодия у женщин с наружным генитальным эндометриозом и возможность применения агонистов дофамина в лечении данного заболевания. Данный обзор посвящен роли ПРЛ и PRL-R в патогенезе бесплодия, ассоциированного с эндометриозом.

Об авторах

М. Р. Оразов
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»
Россия
ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, Москва, 117198, Российская Федерация



Л. М. Михалева
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека»
Россия
Москва


Е. А. Самарина
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»
Россия
ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, Москва, 117198, Российская Федерация


П. А. Семенов
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»
Россия
ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, Москва, 117198, Российская Федерация


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Рецензия

Для цитирования:


Оразов М.Р., Михалева Л.М., Самарина Е.А., Семенов П.А. Обзор представлений о роли пролактина и пролактиновых рецепторов в репродуктивной системе женщин с наружным генитальным эндометриозом. Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии. 2020;9(2):84-89. https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-2-84-89

For citation:


Orazov M.R., Mikhaleva L.M., Samarina E.A., Semenov P.A. An Overview on the Role of Prolactin and its Receptors in the Reproductive System of Women with External Genital Endometriosis. Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology. 2020;9(2):84-89. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-2-84-89

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ISSN 2225-7357 (Print)