Service Development Model in Intelligent Transportation Systems for Colombian Cities

Mobility and transportation are the keys to a competitive city. There is a close relationship between the development of a transportation infrastructure and the economic growth of a city. Efficient transportation improves the live of citizens and brings production centers closer to markets, thus favoring commerce. This article presents a model for the planning and deployment of services in the Intelligent Transportation System [ITS] of Colombian cities. This model takes regulations, frameworks and standards into account. The planning and deployment of a traveler information service is shown as a practical application. An experimental prototype of this service is currently being tested at three locations in Cali, Colombia.

KEYWORDS Intelligent Transportation Systems; ITS; equipment packages; service packages; architecture; parking; mobility; transit.
Modelo para el desarrollo de servicios en el sistema inteligente de transporte para las ciudades colombianas RESUMEN La movilidad y el transporte se constituyen en piezas clave dentro de la estrategia competitiva de una ciudad. Existe una estrecha relación entre el desarrollo de su infraestructura de transporte y su crecimiento económico. Sistemas de transporte eficientes mejoran la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos y acercan los centros de producción a los mercados, favoreciendo el comercio. Este artículo presenta un modelo para la planeación y el despliegue de servicios en el sistema inteligente de transporte de las ciudades colombianas. El modelo tiene en cuenta la regulación, los marcos de referencia y los estándares. Su aplicabilidad se ilustra con la planeación y el despliegue del servicio de información al viajero. Un prototipo experimental de este servicio se encuentra actualmente en prueba piloto en tres sitios de la ciudad de Cali, al suroccidente de Colombia.

I. Introduction
Displacement from the countryside to the city has resulted in a radical change in the population distribution of countries. About a century ago, one in ten people lived in the city; by 2050 it is expected that three-quarters of the world's population will live in urban centers (Alawadhi et al., 2012). Cities have been forced by the frenetic economic activity of recent decades to confront two major challenges of governance meeting the needs of a growing urban population that demands a better quality of life through access to health, education, housing and better systems and services of transportation; and satisfying the requirements of the productive sector that demands an infrastructure that allows efficient mobilization -on time and at cost-of the goods it produces. The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean [ECLAC] (Gaya & Campos, 2009) has referred to a correlation between the development of transport infrastructure and economic growth, confirming that the quality and efficiency of transport infrastructure allows a reduction of the economic gap between productive centers and their target markets in order to consolidate trade flows. The transport infrastructure of cities cannot follow the growth experienced by population and the economy, and therefore it is pertinent to ask the following question: it is possible to manage the road infrastructure and undertake information campaigns and training for citizens which enables an increase in mobility and transport, by sustainably applying information and communications technologies [ICT] without resorting to huge investments in transport infrastructure?
This article presents a model for the development of services that considers the architecture of the intelligent transport system in Colombia, complementing it with American architecture, considering the standard ISO 14813 (International Standardization Organization, 2007;2009; and Colombian regulations. The model provides the basis for the development of two services: the supply of traveler information and the management of parking. The development of the first is presented in this document. A pilot test in three sites in the city of Cali (Colombia) is currently under way, collecting data to characterize the traffic and from them provide information of mobility to travelers. The paper structure is as follows: in Section II the conceptual framework of the model is presented; in Section III the model is formulated; in Section IV the results of the applying the model
Este artículo presenta un modelo para el desarrollo de servicios considerando la arquitectura del sistema inteligente de transporte colombiana, complementándola con la arquitectura americana, considerando el estándar ISO 14813 (International Standardization Organization, 2007;2009; y la normatividad colombiana. El modelo sirvió de base para el desarrollo de dos servicios: el suministro de información al viajero y la gestión de los parqueaderos. En este documento se presenta el desarrollo del primero de ellos. En la actualidad se realiza una prueba piloto en tres sitios de la ciudad Cali (Colombia), efectuando la recolección de los datos que permiten caracterizar el tráfico y, a partir de ellos, suministrar información de movilidad a los viajeros. La estructura del artículo es la siguiente: en la sección II se presenta el marco conceptual del modelo; en la sección III se formula el modelo; en la Sección IV se presentan los resultados de la aplicación del modelo para la planeación y el despliegue del servicio de información al viajero; en la Sección V se presenta el despliegue tecnológico de la solución; y finalmente, en la Sección VI, se presentan las conclusiones. are presented for the planning and deployment of the traveler information service; in Section V the technological deployment of the solution is presented; and finally in Section VI the conclusions are presented.

A. Smart city
The smart city concept was presented by Chourabi et al., (2011) and they refer to it as a city that monitors, integrates and controls the operation of its critical infrastructure (roads, bridges, tunnels, railways, subways, airports, seaports, communications, water, energy, and even more important buildings), to optimize and maximize services to citizens through the use of ICT, plan their preventive maintenance activities and providing citizens with safe vehicular transit. The concept transcends the technological domain, a city is considered smart when the implementation of technology improves efficiency indicators, sustainability and the quality of life of its citizens.

B. Citizen culture
Citizen culture, understood as the set of habits, actions and shared minimum rules which generate a sense of belonging, facilitate urban conviviality and lead to respect for the common inheritance and the recognition of the rights and duties of citizens (Mockus, 1995), has a motivating effect on the domain of mobility and transit, which depends greatly on the behavior of citizens, promoting the appropriate behavior in drivers, increasing safety on the roads and improving mobility in the city. The incorporation of ICT in the development of cultural intervention tools aimed at achieving these goals has huge potential.
C. Intelligent transportation system "Intelligent transportation system" (ITS) is a generic term used to refer to the integrated application of ICT in transportation systems, in order to save lives, time, money and energy, and ensure environmentally sustainable operation (William, 2008). The concept covers all modes of transport and considers all system elements: the vehicle, infrastructure and driver/user, and the dynamic interaction between them. An intelligent transport system is based on an architecture that defines the services offered to users, the entities responsible by their provision and flows of information and data between them. Different countries define architectures that serve

D. ITS architectures
United States national architecture The United States have been developing their national architecture since the early 90s, in order to cover the greatest amount of mobility and transit needs of a large number of stakeholders (Yokota & Weiland, 2004). The architecture includes: • The description of service packages consisting of 33 services organized into eight groups: travel services and traffic management, public transport management, electronic payment, the operation of commercial vehicles, emergency management, advanced safety systems for vehicles, information management, and maintenance management and construction.
• The definition and implementation guide for each of the services and packages.
• The logical architecture that describes the configuration of services, the entities responsible for their provision and data flows. This architecture models the flow of data and controls the various functions of the intelligent transport system using data flow diagrams and process specifications.
• The physical architecture identifies the physical subsystems and flows that support data exchanges of the logical architecture.

Colombian architecture
The Colombian government, through article 84 of Law 1450 of 2011 defined the intelligent transport system as a set of technological, information and telecommunications solutions designed to collect, store, process and distribute information, in order to improve the operation, management and security of transport and transit. The law enabled the national government to adopt technical regulations, standards and technology protocols for those projects. Through an initiative led by the National Department of Planning (Departamento Nacional de Planeación -DNP) it developed and presented the first version in 2010 (ConSysTec): la mayor cantidad de necesidades de movilidad y tránsito de un gran número de interesados (Yokota & Weiland, 2004). La arquitectura incluye: • La descripción de los paquetes de servicio, constituida por 33 servicios, organizados en ocho grupos: los servicios de viaje y la gestión del tráfico, la gestión del transporte público, el pago electrónico, la operación de los vehículos comerciales, la gestión de emergencias, los sistemas avanzados para la seguridad de los vehículos, la gestión de la información y la gestión del mantenimiento y construcción. • La definición y guía de implementación para cada uno de los servicios y paquetes de servicio. • La arquitectura lógica, que describe la configuración de los servicios, las entidades responsables por su prestación y los flujos de datos. Esta arquitectura modela los flujos de datos y de control de las diferentes funciones del sistema inteligente de transporte utilizando diagramas de flujo de datos y especificaciones de procesos. • La arquitectura física, que identifica los subsistemas físicos y los flujos que soportan los intercambios de datos de la arquitectura lógica. Arquitectura colombiana El gobierno colombiano, a través del artículo 84 de la Ley 1450 de 2011 definió los sistemas inteligentes de transporte como el conjunto de soluciones tecnológicas, informáticas y de telecomunicaciones que se diseñan para recolectar, almacenar, procesar y distribuir información, con el objetivo de mejorar la operación, la gestión y la seguridad del transporte y el tránsito. La Ley facultó al Gobierno Nacional para adoptar los reglamentos técnicos, estándares y protocolos de tecnología para estos proyectos. A través de una iniciativa liderada por el Departamento Nacional de Planeación [DNP], se ha desarrollado y presentado la primera versión en 2010 (ConSysTec): La Arquitectura Nacional ITS de Colombia es un mapa para la integración de los sistemas de transporte inteligentes para Colombia en los próximos 10 a 15 años (...) es una visión compartida entre los actores ITS para lograr que sus sistemas trabajen juntos, puedan compartir información y recursos, para proporcionar un sistema de transporte más seguro, más eficiente y más eficaz en el movimiento de viajeros y de carga. Su objetivo es orientar la planificación, el desarrollo y la integración a nivel nacional. El DNP establece además los elementos que inicialmente harán parte de un programa de ITS para Colombia (García & Mieles, 2010.): la definición de estándares y protocolos, la creación y la adaptación del componente técnico necesario, la definición del marco legal del ITS (leyes, normas y regulaciones), los acuerdos institucionales para definir los roles de los jugadores y la identificación de fuentes de financiamiento (fondos públicos y privados). Dentro de la arquitectura se han defi-The national ITS architecture of Colombia is a map for the integration of intelligent transportation systems in the next ten (10) to fifteen (15) years (...) is a shared vision between ITS actors to make their systems work together, they can share information and resources. In this way provide a safer, more efficient and more effective in the movement of passengers, and cargo transport system in order to guide the planning, development and integration at national level.
The DNP also establishes the elements that initially will be part of a ITS program for Colombia (García & Mieles, 2010): the definition of standards and protocols, the creation and adaptation of the technical components needed, the definition of the legal framework of the ITS (laws, rules and regulations), institutional arrangements to define the roles of the players, and the identification of sources of financing (public and private funds). Inside the architecture services deemed essential to the country's development were defined, and classified into seven major functional areas: management of traveler information, traffic management, management of commercial vehicles, public transport management, emergency management, maintenance management and construction, and management of data storage. In Colombia, too the work of Herrera (2011) is worth mentioning, who proposed a value-added model for the provision of ITS services and its application to the parking systems.

E. ISO 14813 standard
The International Standardization Organization [ISO] has development a family of frameworks grouped as Standard¬¬ 14813 (ISO 2007;2009;) that describes the best practices for the development of an ITS architecture, providing a definition of primary care services and of the application areas. The standard establishes the architecture of a reference model for the ITS sector, considering the service domains, the service groups and their associated services; the requirements for architectural description, and the presentation of data using the ASN.1 syntax; identifying 11 service domains, each in turn defining different services. The service domains include: information for travelers, the management and operation of traffic, vehicles, the transport of goods, public transport, emergencies, electronic payment, personal safety on the road, the weather monitoring and environmental conditions, the response management, and the coordination of disaster and national

III. Formulación del modelo
Para la formulación del modelo, se toma como base la arquitectura ITS colombiana, y se recurre al apoyo metodológico descrito en la arquitectura americana, con el fin de formular el modelo de desarrollo de nuevos servicios que incorpore las herramientas necesarias para permitir la interoperabilidad, la compatibilidad, la integración y la expansión de las tecnologías y de los servicios en la arquitectura ITS. El modelo establece la ejecución de las siguientes fases que, aunque basadas en la arquitectura colombiana, deben ser complementadas con la arquitectura americana, para llenar algunos vacíos encontrados: Fase 1: Definición del problema Describe el problema de movilidad que el servicio propuesto desea resolver y establece la propuesta de valor asociada con su despliegue.
Fase 2: Definición del alcance de la propuesta del servicio Establece el alcance de la solución que brindará el servicio propuesto y el estado actual del sistema de movilidad de la ciudad. security. Three stages were considered in the methodological approach once the services were conceptualized: defining the reference architecture, which aims to capture system concepts; defining the logical architecture, which represents its logical behavior; and the definition of the physical architecture, which represents the physical distribution of the system.

III. Model formulation
The formulation of the model uses as its base Colombian ITS architecture, and the methodological support that describes American architecture, in order to formulate a model for the development of new services, incorporating the necessary tools to enable interoperability, compatibility, integration and the expansion of technologies and services in the ITS architecture. The model sets the implementation of the following phases based on Colombian architecture, but they must be complemented with American architecture to fill some gaps found:

Phase 1: Problem definition
Describes the mobility problem that the proposed service wants to solve and sets the value proposition associated with its deployment.
Phase 2: Definition of the scope of the proposed service Establishes the scope of the solution that will provide the proposed service and the current state of the mobility system of the city.

Phase 3: Identification and analysis of stakeholders
Identifying stakeholders and their role within the proposed service. Stakeholders are categorized into groups with similar interests and roles, identifying the role of each group and its influence on the service. The responsibilities of the implementation and maintenance of the service must be determined, as well as who will be the receivers of the information and the use to which they will put the information.

Phase 4: Identification of the requirements and needs
Establishes the requirements and needs of stakeholders, identifying how they interact with the service proposed. The specific and common needs of stakeholders are reported in the matrix of relationships; then the tools that allow the requirements to be met and needs established are identified, using the deployment packa-Fase 3: Identificación y análisis de los interesados Identifica los interesados y su rol dentro de la propuesta de servicio. Los interesados se categorizan en grupos con intereses y roles afines, identificando el rol que protagoniza cada grupo y su influencia en el servicio. Se deben determinar los responsables por la implementación del servicio y por su mantenimiento, así como quiénes serán los receptores de la información y qué uso le darán a la información.
Fase 6: Establecimiento de las interrelaciones entre los elementos e identificación de los flujos de información Establece las interfaces y los flujos de información involucrados en el servicio. La arquitectura colombiana detalla las interfaces para la implementación de los paquetes de servicios; las interrelaciones entre los elementos de la arquitectura y los flujos de información se muestran utilizando diagramas de contexto; se evalúa su diagrama de contexto de cada uno de los elementos de la arquitectura para identificar las interfaces y los flujos de información relacionados con la implementación del servicio propuesto; a partir de dicho análisis, se simplifican y ajustan los diagramas de contexto, de acuerdo con las interfaces particulares de la propuesta de servicio.
Fase 7: Establecimiento de relaciones entre la interfaces y flujos de información Identifica los flujos de información relacionados con las interfaces que permiten la implementación de los paquetes de servicios Cada interfaz, utiliza una representación gráfica que permite describir los flujos relevantes para la propuesta de servicio. ges that define the specific capabilities of the subsystems (Lockheed Martin & Odetics, 1998) and how they meet the identified needs (US DOT, 2006). In this process, the authors incorporate concepts of American architecture that complement some gaps of the Colombian architecture.
Phase 5: Identification of the subsystems of the architecture The subsystems of the architecture associated with the requirements are identified. The American architecture includes subsystems that considered equipment packages related to the needs and requirements that must be met. The equipment packages established in the previous phase are considered to identify subsystems (US DOT, 2015).

Phase 6: Establishment of the interrelationships between the elements and identification of information flows
Sets the interfaces and information flows involved in service. Colombian architecture details the interfaces for the implementation of service packages; the interrelations between the elements of architecture and the information flows are shown using contextual diagrams; the contextual diagrams of each element of the architecture are evaluated to identify interfaces and the information flows related to the implementation of the proposed service; the context diagrams are simplified and adjusted according to the specific interfaces of the service proposal, starting from the above analysis.
Phase 7: Establishment of relationships between the interfaces and information flows Identifies the information flows associated with the interfaces that allow the implementation of the service packages. Each interface uses a graphical representation to describe the relevant flows for the service proposal.

Phase 8: Selection of service packages
Selects the services that are part of the proposal. The architecture uses the concept of service packages, where services with similar features and functionalities are grouped. When selecting a service, those services with which are closely linked are also selected, and in doing so, the functional area of the architecture that frames the proposal is determined. The definition of architecture and of its flows of information is fairly robust, compatible with the rest of services proposed on the national architecture, technologically neutral, ensuring its viabili-Fase 8: Selección de los paquetes de servicios Selecciona los servicios que hacen parte de la propuesta. La arquitectura utiliza el concepto de paquete de servicio, que agrupa servicios con funcionalidades y características afines. Por lo tanto, al seleccionar un servicio, también se seleccionan aquellos con los cuales guarda estrecha relación, y al hacerlo, se determina el área funcional de la arquitectura que enmarca la propuesta. La definición de la arquitectura y de sus flujos de información resulta bastante robusta, compatible con los demás servicios propuestos en la arquitectura nacional, tecnológicamente neutra, asegurando su viabilidad en el tiempo y permitiendo la incorporación de cambios tecnológicos. En la arquitectura colombiana no se cuenta con una ayuda metodológica que soporte la decisión de implementación de los paquetes de servicios, por lo que se utiliza y adapta la guía de implementación de la arquitectura americana.

A. Servicio de información al viajero
Definición del problema Los ciudadanos que se desplazan por las vías de la ciudad de Cali no cuentan con un sistema de información al viajero que les permita planear su recorrido, tomar decisiones para mejorar su movilidad o eludir la congestión en la vía que les impide llegar oportunamente a su destino. El Pachón, Á., Liscano, T. & Montoya, D. (2015). ty in the time and allowing the incorporation of technological changes. In the Colombian architecture there is no methodological help to support the decision to implement service packages, so the Implementation guide of American architecture was used and adapted.
Phase 9: Technological deployment of the proposal Presents the (physical and logical) elements required for technological deployment of the services.

IV. Model formulation
Two main results are presented in this paper: the first is of a conceptual and methodological nature, related to the formulation of a structured model for the development of mobility services; the second, of a practical character, is related to the formulation of two service proposals to improve mobility in a Colombian town: the supply of traveler information and the management of parking lots. The service planning and design correspond to the model application, also considering the guidelines of the national government, the mobility plan of the city of Santiago de Cali, the Colombian ITS architecture, and the American ITS architecture as a complement where necessary. Given that the Colombian version is in development and does not have a guide for use in the development of services, this paper is a methodological guide for the development of future mobility services in Colombian cities. The company IPinnovatech, from Cali (http://www.ipinnovatech.com/), played an important role in the development and execution of the second result, generously offering the skills of their engineering team, and the hardware and software components required for the solution. The proposed model in the planning and deployment of traveler information services, and the management of city parking is applied below.

Definition of the problem
Citizens who move through the streets of the city of Cali do not have a traveler information system that allows them to plan their route, make decisions to improve their mobility or avoid congestion on the road in order to reach their destination on time. The service will reduce travel times, environmental pollution levels, and the number of accidents. Speed on the roads will improve because drivers will be moving freely, avoiding congestion and accidents. servicio permitirá reducir los tiempos de viaje, los niveles de contaminación ambiental y el número de accidentes. Además, mejorará la velocidad en las vías, ayudando a los conductores a circular evitando problemas de congestión y accidentes.
Definición del alcance de la propuesta del servicio El viajero contará con información sobre el estado de las vías en tiempo real, el tráfico en ellas y el estado del tiempo en lugares específicos de la ciudad. Se ofrecerá información al usuario utilizando servicios de valor añadido o interfaces de información como las páginas web, los dispositivos móviles y los medios de comunicación. La información será presentada en mapas de las vías con el apoyo visual de fotografías. Como parte del servicio, será posible integrar esta información con el observatorio de movilidad del Plan integral de movilidad urbana de la ciudad. Además, la información se almacenará en un repositorio de datos para su posterior análisis en procesos de toma de decisiones.
En la Figura 1, se resaltan los subsistemas de la arquitectura nacional que intervienen en la propuesta del servicio.

Defining the scope of the service proposed
Travelers will have access to information about road conditions in real time, the traffic on them, and the weather conditions at specific places in the city. Information will be provided to the user through value-added services or information interfaces such as web pages, mobile devices, and the media. The information will be presented on maps of the roads with the visual support of pictures. As part of the service, the integration of this information with the mobility observatory 'Integral Plan' for urban mobility in the city will be possible. Information will also be stored in a data repository for further analysis in decision-making processes.

Identification and analysis of stakeholders
For the provision of traveler information services, six stakeholder groups were established: the transport agencies, public safety agencies, planning agencies, the private sector, the telecommunications and IT sector, and travelers. Stakeholders may be classified into two categories: the first consists of stakeholders that require immediate

Respect to / Respecto de Requirement / Requerimiento
The provision of passenger information of immediately / El suministro de información al viajero de forma inmediata

Stakeholders must be informed of road conditions and traffic intensity at specific places of the city. / Los interesados deben recibir información del estado de las vías y de la intensidad del tráfico en sitios específicos de la ciudad.
2. Stakeholders must receive weather information (rain), to plan their travel through the road system. / 2. Los interesados deben recibir información climatológica (lluvia) para la planeación de su desplazamiento a través del sistema vial.
3. The time between updating the information delivered to stakeholders must be short. / 3. La información que reciben los interesados debe tener cortos tiempos de actualización para asegurar que la información suministrada sea oportuna. 4. Stakeholders must be able to access to the passenger information from the places they usually plan their travel (homes, schools, offices). / 4. Los interesados deben tener la capacidad para tener acceso a la información al viajero desde los lugares donde normalmente planean sus recorridos (hogares, colegios, oficinas). 5. Stakeholders must be able to access passenger information from their mobile devices, anywhere. /

Los interesados deben tener la capacidad para acceder a la información al viajero desde sus dispositivos móviles en cualquier lugar.
6. Service availability must be guaranteed to ensure the timely delivery of information. / 6. Para asegurar el suministro de la información oportuna, se debe asegurar la continuidad del servicio. 8. The repository of information where the data is stored must ensure its integrity and interoperability with other ITS services in the city, as well as consider the volume of data that can be generated.

The historical information
/ 8. Para el almacenamiento de información, se debe considerar el volumen de información generado por-que la estructura del repositorio de información debe garantizar la integridad e interoperabilidad con otros servicios del ITS de la ciudad.
9. The stakeholders may access the historic archive of information according to their needs. / 9. Los interesados podrán acceder al archivo histórico de la información de acuerdo con sus necesidades.
10. Service availability must be guaranteed to ensure the timely delivery of information. / 10. Para asegurar el suministro de la información oportuna, se debe asegurar la continuidad del servicio. X X X X X X En los cinco subsistemas identificados, la arquitectura define los elementos que la componen. De acuerdo con el alcance y los requerimientos identificados, se identifican los elementos de la arquitectura nacional involucrados en la implementación del servicio propuesto. En la Tabla 4, se presentan los subsistemas asociados con los elementos identificados en la propuesta del servicio.
information and updates about the road so as to make decisions about their mobilization; and the second consist of stakeholders who use the historical record of information.

Identification of requirements and needs
The Table 1 contains the requirements established in respect to the provision of passenger information of immediately and of historical information.
As an example, the matrix which establishes the relationship between the real-time requirements and stakeholders is presented in Table 2.
Based on American Architecture eight packages of equipment are identified, considering the relationship between their features and needs, and the requirements established, including them in the proposal is relevant. The selected equipment packages are: basic road monitoring, data collection on roads, environmental monitoring of roads, data collection of traffic monitoring, dissemination of basic information, reception of basic personal information, data repository of the intelligent transport system.

Identification of the architecture subsystems
The eight packages of equipment selected are distributed in five subsystems. The relationship between the subsystems and equipment packages is shown in Table 3.
The subsystems of national architecture that are involved in the proposed service are highlighted in Figure 1.
The architecture defines the elements that compose it for the five subsystems identified. The elements of national architecture involved in the implementation of the proposed service are identified according to the scope and the requirements raised. The subsystems associated with the elements identified in the proposed service are presented in Table 4.

Interrelationships between elements and information flows
The context diagrams of the Colombian   National ITS Architecture are analyzed according to the five elements of the ITS architecture defined for the proposed service. The interfaces that are involved in service delivery were also identified and selected. These interfaces are presented in Figure 2.

Interfaces and information flows
The following information flows in the identified interfaces are described, for implementing the supply of information to traveler.
For interface 1, corresponding to the interface between the teams of roads in the metropolitan areas and the traffic control center in metropolitan areas, the following flows are identified.
• Traffic flow. This contains the information processed about traffic from the detectors that calculates the traffic flow variables (e.g. speed, volume, and density measurements) and associated information (e.g. congestion and potential incidents).
• Traffic images. Images in real time or with minimal delay, allowing the monitoring of the roads by the operator of the service.
• Speed monitoring information. System status, including the current operational status and information about measured speeds, the warning messages sent, and recording of traffic violations.
• Environmental information. This includes information flow commensurate with the scope desired for the system, which also specifies whether there is rainfall.
These flows are related to the flows suggested by the authors, which complement the proposal, and to the selected flows in the reference context diagram.

ServiceS packageS
In Table 5, the relationship identified between equipment packages and service packages is presented for both the Colombian and American architecture.
In Table 5, the asterisks (**) mean that the Colombian architecture does not refer to any service for the packaged equipment of environmental monitoring. Given this, and based on the information flows already defined, this equipment package is included in the monitoring

Figure 2. Interfaces involved in the presentation of the supplied service of traveler information / Interfaces que intervienen en la presentación del servicio de suministro de información al viajero
Interrelaciones entre los elementos y flujos de información De acuerdo con los cinco elementos de la arquitectura ITS definidos para el servicio propuesto, se analizaron los diagramas de contexto de la Arquitectura Nacional ITS Colombiana y se identificaron y seleccionaron las interfaces que intervienen en la prestación del servicio. Estas interfaces se presentan en la Figura 2.
Interfaces y flujos de información A continuación se detallan los flujos de información en las interfaces identificadas para la implementación del servicio de suministro de información al viajero.
Para la interfaz 1, que corresponde a la interfaz entre los equipos de vías de las áreas metropolitanas y el centro de control de tráfico en las áreas metropolitanas, se identifican los siguientes flujos.
Package ATIS01 -Broadcasting traveler information (The other packets were described following a similar process) -permits the collection of information about traffic conditions and weather, and provides the dissemination of information in real time, through the infrastructure available. The equipment packages that constitute this service pack are: data collection and dissemination of basic information through the subsystem of information services; and reception of basic personal information by the subsystem of access to personal information. The equipment packages for the dissemination service of traveler information are presented in Figure 3.
In Table 6, the information flows used are described, identifying the name of the flow, its origin and destination. Asterisks (***) refer to equipment packages that are part of the service package described.
The service pack is also associated with some planning factors and goals that are described in Table 7.

A. Traveler information service
The technological deployment aligned with the formulated architecture is presented according to the ob-Paquetes de servicio La relación entre los paquetes de equipamiento y los paquetes de servicios identificados se presenta en la Tabla 5, tanto para la arquitectura colombiana, como para la americana.
En la Tabla 5, en el paquete de equipamiento que hace referencia al monitoreo del medio ambiente y para el caso de la arquitectura colombiana, se muestran asteriscos (***) porque la arquitectura no hace referencia a ningún paquete de servicio y porque no cubre información de los estados meteorológicos. Ante esto, y con base a los flujos de información ya definidos, se incluye este paquete de equipamiento en el paquete de servicio denominado monitoreo de la red (ATMS01), el mismo que se describe a continuación.
El paquete ATIS01 -Difusión de información al viajero (Los paquetes restantes fueron descritos siguiendo un proceso similar) permite efectuar la recolección de información sobre las condiciones del tráfico y del estado del tiempo, y proporciona la difusión de la información en tiempo real, a través de Service package ATSM01 -Monitoring network -will be described. Four technological elements related service packages are taken into account for its implementation: • Sensors: allows environmental data to be obtained, such as vehicle counting, information from the environment and taking pictures of the roads.
• A/D Acquisition and conversion: this module is responsible for taking data from all sensors, in order to perform the treatment of the analog signal, and for its transmission to a multipurpose card.
• Multipurpose Card: takes data from the sensors to format it, encapsulate, and send it through the communication equipment.
• Communication equipment: transmits information flows from the road subsystem to the subsystem of traffic management.
The relationship between these elements and equip-  Planning factor / Factor de planeación Goal / Meta Support the economic vitality of the city, particularly to allow global competitiveness, productivity, and efficiency / Apoyar la vitalidad económica de la ciudad, permitiendo sobre todo la competitividad global, la productividad y la eficiencia Support economic productivity and regional devel-opment / Apoyar a la productividad económica y el desarrollo regional Increase accessibility and mobility of people / Aumentar la accesibilidad y la movilidad de las personas Improve mobility, the welfare, and comfort of the users of the transportation system / Mejorar la movilidad, la comodidad y el confort de los usuarios de los sistema de transporte To promote efficient management of the system and its operation. / Promover la gestión eficiente del sistema y el funcionamiento del mismo.
The variables measured by the sensors are described below: • The traffic flow matches the vehicle count, and is determined using two sensors (one with ultrasound and other infrared).
• The environmental information, corresponding to the variables of temperature, humidity and rainfall, is measured using a sensor for each case.
• A video, broadcast at a rate of 15 fps (frames per second) allows users to see pictures every 15 seconds. This video is derived with a 5 megapixel camera connected directly to the multipurpose card.
• Emissions, measured using two sensors, one for air quality, another for noise.
In the test phase, the vehicle count and categorization of cars according to their size (small, medium and large) is made in a lane of the road. The videos are captured, and measurement of environmental variables (rain, temperature and humidity) is performed. Figure 5 shows the integration of the technological elements described. Information flow from the road equipment is transmitted to the collection package of basic road monitoring.
The physical components corresponding to the diagram of technological components include: the device installed on the road (Site 1) that houses the camera, sensors, the control component, and the communications component. Additionally shown: the ultrasonic sensor used to perform the detection and counting of vehicles, the rain sensor, the humidity sensor, and the wireless router. The data collection component for the traveler receives the information through a web service. This module performs the data treatment and validation in order to arrange them for viewing. This work is done using the diffusion equipment package of basic information.
A web service has been developed by IPinnovatech. The solution includes the vehicle count at the central La Figura 5 presenta la integración de los elementos tecnológicos descritos. Los flujos de información provenientes de los equipos de vías son transmitidos al paquete de recolección de vigilancia Los componentes físicos que corresponden con el diagrama de componentes tecnológicos incluyen: el dispositivo instalado en la vía (corresponde con el Sitio 1) que alberga la cámara, los sensores, el componente de control y el componente de comunicaciones. Adicionalmente se muestran: el sensor ultrasónico utilizado para efectuar la detección y conteo de los vehículos, el sensor de lluvia, el sensor de humedad y el enrutador inalámbrico. El componente de recolección de datos para el viajero recibe la información mediante un servicio web. Este módulo realiza el tratamiento y la validación de los datos con el objetivo de disponerlos para su visualización. Esta labor es realizada mediante el paquete de equipamiento de difusión de información básica.
El servicio Web ha sido desarrollado por IPinnovatech. La solución incluye: el conteo vehicular en el sitio central, la medición de la temperatura y la humedad, y la posibilidad de observar lo que ocurre en la vía. Se está desarrollando una aplicación para dispositivos móviles como parte del paquete de recepción personal básica. El portal desarrollado se muestra en la Figura 6.

VI. Conclusiones
La utilización de un marco conceptual y metodológico para la planeación y el despliegue de servicios que favorezcan la mo- vilidad y el transporte de una ciudad permitirá el desarrollo ordenado e interoperable de las arquitecturas de los sistemas inteligentes de transporte en las ciudades colombianas. Los servicios y soluciones propuestas permitirán mejorar la movilidad de los ciudadanos a través de las vías, ofreciéndoles una experiencia de viaje placentera y segura. Para lograrlo, se deben considerar sus restricciones presupuestales y las características particulares del entorno de las ciudades. Asimismo, pueden convertirse en instrumentos efectivos para el desarrollo y la consolidación de una cultura ciudadana que redunde en el bienestar de los transeúntes y los conductores. site, the measurement of temperature and humidity, and the ability to observe what is happening on the road. They are developing a mobile application as part of the package of basic personal reception. The developed site is shown in Figure 6.

VI. Conclusions
The development of an orderly and interoperable architecture for an intelligent transportation system aimed to improve the mobility and transportation can be achieved in Colombian cities, using a conceptual and metrological framework for services planning and deployment.
The proposed services and solutions will improve the mobility of citizens across the roads, allowing them to experience enjoyable and secure travel. To achieve this, budget constraints and the particular characteristics of the environment in cities must be considered. They can become effective instruments for the development and consolidation of a civic culture that results in the welfare of pedestrians and drivers.