European Journal of Horticultural Science

Eur.J.Hortic.Sci. 83 (2) 65-71 | DOI: 10.17660/eJHS.2018/83.2.1
ISSN 1611-4426 print and 1611-4434 online | © ISHS 2018 | European Journal of Horticultural Science | Original article

Nutrient uptake-modification of different plant species in Mediterranean climate by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

M. Rafique^1,2 and I. Ortas¹
¹ Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, University of Çukurova, Faculty of Agriculture, Adana, Turkey
² Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

SUMMARY
Soil fertility in the semi-arid Mediterranean region is poor and mycorrhizal inoculation could be an important agricultural strategy for reducing fertilizer use and also increase the food quality. To evaluate the substantial reliance of selective horticultural crops on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, a field experiment was conducted in the Mediterranean coastal region of Turkey. Under field conditions, pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) were inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae and Claroideoglomus etunicatum at two levels of P₂O₅. Yield enhancement, inoculation effectiveness and nutrient concentration in the plants were assessed. Root colonization significantly improved in mycorrhizal inoculated plants by 51–80% irrespective of P₂O₅ application. Similarly, significant impact of P₂O₅ and AM fungi was found for pepper and eggplant yield increase as 8–35% and 6–44% respectively. Phosphorus percentage in plant tissues was significantly different in tomato plant (0.22–0.30%) and AM fungi increased its concentration also in other crops. AM fungi application strongly influenced nutrients concentration and improved the plant quality in all studied crops against control. Under field conditions, AM fungi with P₂O₅ application is best responding for yield enhancement and nutrient uptake leading to a quality food. Therefore, plant growth and nutrient uptake is strongly dependent on AM fungi inoculation moreover to reinstate soil quality. Our results suggested that application of mycorrhizal fungi in plant growth improvement is inevitable under Mediterranean climate.
Keywords Claroideoglomus etunicatum, cucumber, Funneliformis mosseae, mycorrhizae, phosphorus, tomato
Significance of this study
What is already known on this subject?

Use of AM fungi in plant growth, P-uptake is evaluated in greenhouse studies. Its broad scale application in the field is becoming a new approach for horticultural crops.
What are the new findings?

This study shows modification of nutrient uptake pattern in AM fungal inoculated horticultural crops, under changing climatic conditions of the Mediterranean region.
What is the expected impact on horticulture?

Impact of AM fungi on horticultural plants grown under field conditions and changing climate is observed for organic farming regarding yield and quality.

E-mail: iortas@cu.edu.tr

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Received: 8 January 2017 | Accepted: 7 July 2017 | Published: 24 April 2018 | Available online: 24 April 2018