J. For. Sci., 2012, 58(1):27-34 | DOI: 10.17221/4805-JFS

Needle longevity as a criterion of response to a climatic fluctuation (so called heat wave) in Scots pine populations at early phases of ontogeny

V. Nárovec, J. Nárovcová
Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Jíloviště-Strnady (Prague), Forest Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic

The paper presents results of an assessment of needle age classes in Scots pine partial populations in the period of three and five years after outplanting in a lowland site in relation to conditions created by climatic elements. The method is based on Skuhravý's (1987) description when the state of needle age classes of the third whorl (from the apex) is evaluated just once. Five-year summary of meteorological data was assessed according to the criteria of determination of periods of heat waves and dry spells. Differences in numbers of living needle age classes in the groups of Scots pine populations in the period of three and five years after their outplanting in permanent lowland sites proved the highest total number of living needle classes in the group of local lowland populations. On the contrary, the lowest total number of living needle classes was found out in the group of mountain populations. Critical climatic periods are overlaps of heat waves and dry spells that illustrate the complexity of moisture and temperature conditions of lowland sites. Although the Scots pine is a xerophytic species, it responded to the cumulation of adverse factors by accelerated needle senescence. Its physiological response to heat and dry stress consists in needle shedding, i.e. reduction in the assimilating area. As mountain populations are not usually exposed to heat waves, the impact of this phenomenon on them was the highest. On the other hand, the local (lowland) populations carrying information on the patterns of local climate from the reproduction period do not undergo any marked reduction in needle age classes.

Keywords: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris); number of needle age classes; needle retention; climatic episode of heat wave

Published: January 31, 2012  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Nárovec V, Nárovcová J. Needle longevity as a criterion of response to a climatic fluctuation (so called heat wave) in Scots pine populations at early phases of ontogeny. J. For. Sci.. 2012;58(1):27-34. doi: 10.17221/4805-JFS.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Albrektson A. (1988): Needle litterfall in stands of Pinus sylvestris L. in Sweden in relation to site quantity, stand age and latitude. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 3: 333-342. Go to original source...
    2. Anonymous (1997): Zpráva o stavu lesního hospodářství České republice. [Report on the State of the Forest Sector of the Czech Republic.] As to 31. 12. 1996. Praha, Ministerstvo zemědělství ČR: 162.
    3. Anonymous (2004): Zpráva o stavu lesa a lesního hospodářství v České republice. [Report on the State of Forest and Forest Sector of the Czech Republic.] As to 31. 12. 2003. Praha, Ministerstvo zemědělství ČR: 114.
    4. Anonymous (2007): Climate Atlas of Czechia. Praha, Olomouc, ČHMÚ, Univerzita Palackého: 255.
    5. Bruns D., Owens J.N. (2000): Western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.) reproduction: II. Fertilization and cytoplasmic inheritance. Sexual Plant Reproduction, 13: 75-84. Go to original source...
    6. Cebrian A.C., Abaurrea J., Asin J., Centelles A. (2005): Modelling heat waves using a nonhomogeneous Poisson process. In: 4th Conference on Extreme Value Analysis. Probabilistic and Statistical Models and Their Applications. Gothenburg, August 15-19: 19.
    7. Ewers F.W., Schmid R. (1981): Longevity of needle fascicles of Pinus longaeva (bristlecone pine) and other NorthAmerican pines. Oecologia, 51: 107-115. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Frank A., Seibert P., Formayer H., Haas P. (2005): A new downscaling approach to derive heat episodes on a regional scale from GCM scenarios. In: European Geoscience Union. EGU General Assembly 2005. 24-29 April 2005, Wien. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 7: unpaged.
    9. Hartmann G., Nienhaus F., Butin H. (2001): Guide to Damages of Forest Tree Species. A Diagnosis of Harmful Agents. Praha, Brázda: 289.
    10. Heinsdorf M., Heinze M., Fiedler H.J. (1993): Veränderungen der Nährelemente Dynamik in der Nadeln einer Kiefer Kultur.[Seasonal changes in the nutrient elements in needles in a Scots pine plantation.] Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt, 112: 179-190. Go to original source...
    11. Jalkanen R., Aalto T., Kurkela T. (2000): Needle trace method. Metsanduslikud Uurimused, 34: 75-78.
    12. Jančařík V. (1988): Choroby borovice lesní a ochrana proti nim. [Diseases of Scots pine and protection against them.] In: Petřík Z. (ed.): Pěstování porostů borovice lesní. Sborník referátů z celostátního sympozia. Hradec Králové, 21.-22. 6. 1988. Pardubice, Dům techniky ČSVTS, 53-64.
    13. Kapitola P., Knížek M., Liška J., Pešková V., Soukup F. (2006): Výskyt škodlivých činitelů v roce 2005. [Occurrence of damaging factors in the year 2005.] Lesnická práce, 85: 249-251.
    14. Knížek M., Kapitola P. (2001): Klikoroh borový Hylobius abietis (L.). [Pine weevil Hylobius abietis (L.).] Lesnická práce, 80 (Příloha): 1-4.
    15. Konôpka B., Paulenka J., Konôpka J. (1997): Poškodenie ihličnatých porastov na Spiši. [Damage to coniferous stands in the Spiš region.] Lesnictví-Forestry, 43: 381-388.
    16. Kupka I. (2006): Je Langův dešťový faktor použitelný pro posouzeni vlivu mikroklimatu na výškový růst lesní kultury? [Is the Lang's rain factor usable for assessing the microclimate influence on growth height of forest culture] Zprávy lesnického výzkumu, 51: 153-156.
    17. Kyselý J. (2002): Probability estimates of extreme temperature events: stochastic modelling approach vs. extreme value distributions. Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica, 46: 93-112. Go to original source...
    18. Kyselý J. (2003): Prostorová proměnlivost horkých vln v České republice a letní teplotní zvláštnosti jihozápadních čech. [Temporal variability of heat waves in the Czech Republic and the severe 1994 heat wave.] Meteorologické zprávy, 56: 13-19. (summary in English)
    19. Kyselý J. (2006): Časová proměnlivost horkých vln v České republice a extrémní horká vlna z roku 1994. [Spatial variability of heat waves in the Czech Republic and summer temperature peculiarity of southwest Bohemia.] Meteorologické zprávy, 59: 183-189. (summary in English)
    20. Lamppu J., Huttunen S. (2001): Scots pine needle longevity and gradation of needle shedding along pollution gradients. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 31: 261-267. Go to original source...
    21. Meehl G.A., Tebaldi C. (2004): More intense, more frequent, and longer lasting heat waves in the 21st century. Science, 305: 994-997. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Muukkonen P. (2005): Needle biomass turnover rates of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) derived from the needleshed dynamics. Trees, 19: 273-279. Go to original source...
    23. Němec L. (2007): Výjimečně teplá polovina roku 2006 a leden 2007 v České republice. [The second half of 2006 and January 2007 in the Czech Republic: extraordinary warm periods.]Meteorologické zprávy, 60: 26, 29.
    24. Pavlík J., Němec L., Tolasz R., Valter J. (2003): Mimořádné léto roku 2003 v České republice. [Extraordinary summer 2003 in the Czech Republic.] Meteorologické zprávy, 56: 161-165.
    25. Penka M. (1986): Transpirace a spotřeba vody rostlinami. [Transpiration and Water Consumption by Plants.] Praha, Academia: 250.
    26. Pensa M., Jalkanen R. (2005): Variation in needle longevity is related to needle-fascicle production rate in Pinus sylvestris. Tree Physiology, 25: 1265-1271. Available at http://heronpublishing.com. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    27. Skuhravý V. (1987): Počet ročníků jehlic borovice lesní v různých oblastech ČR. [Number of needle year classes of Scots pine in various areas of the Czech Republic.] Lesnická práce, 66: 19-24.
    28. Skuhravý V. (1990): Das Vorhandensein von Nadeln an den Trieben der Gemeinen Kiefer, Pinus sylvestris L. als Indikator für den Grad des Umwelteinflusses. [The presence of needles on the shoots of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) as an indicator of the degree of environmental stress.] Anzeiger Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz, 63: 145-147. Go to original source...
    29. Sobíšek B. (1993): Meteorologický slovník výkladový a terminologický. [Meteorology dictionary - terminological and explicative.] Praha, Academia: 594.
    30. Šrůtka P. (1998): Skulinatec borový Lophodermium pinastri (Schrad.) Chef.. [Pine leaf cast Lophodermium pinastri (Schrad.) Chef.] Lesnická práce, 77 (Příloha): 1-4.
    31. Zahradník P., Kapitola P. (2004): Povětrnostní podmínky [Weather conditions.] In: Kapitola P., Knížek M., Baňař P. (eds): Výskyt lesních škodlivých činitelů v roce 2003 a jejich očekávaný stav v roce 2004. Zpravodaj ochrany lesa (Supplementum). Jíloviště-Strnady, Výzkumny ústav lesního hospodářství a myslivosti: 7-13.

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content