Plant Soil Environ., 2024, 70(1):1-10 | DOI: 10.17221/282/2023-PSE

Nitrogen losses (N2O and NO3–) from mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cropping applied urea coated bio-charcoalOriginal Paper

Elisabeth Srihayu Harsanti ORCID...1, Asep Nugraha Ardiwinata ORCID...1, Sukarjo1, Hidayatuz Zu'amah ORCID...1, Asep Kurnia ORCID...1, Mas Teddy Sutriadi ORCID...2, Dedi Nursyamsi3, Wahida Annisa Yusuf4, Anicetus Wihardjaka ORCID...2
1 Indonesian Research Center for Horticultural and Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
2 Indonesian Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
3 Indonesian Agency of Extension and Development for Agricultural Human Resource, Ministry of Agriculture, Indonesia
4 Standardization Agency Agricultural Instruments, Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, Indonesia

Most farmers use urea as a nitrogen fertiliser to raise mustard (Brassica juncea L.), although its nitrogen (N) content is quickly lost due to its hygroscopic nature. Nitrogen loss in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrates (NO3–) has been causing low nitrogen fertiliser efficiency in vegetable cultivation. This investigation aims to assess the impact of urea fertiliser coated with biochar or activated charcoal on losses of N2O and NO3– concentration in the soil during mustard production. The experiment used a randomised block design with five treatments of urea fertiliser coated with biochar/activated charcoal. The observed data included N2O flux, nitrate, and ammonia content in soil and water. The results showed that urea fertiliser coated with activated charcoal from corn cobs tended to suppress N loss more effectively than urea coated with biochar or activated charcoal from coconut shells. Biochar and activated charcoal from coconut shells suppressed N-N2O loss as much as 3.1% and 52.5% (7 days after planting (DAP)), respectively, and 68.7% and 71.6% (21 DAP), respectively. Biochar and activated charcoal from corn cob reduce N-N2O loss by 46.5% and 66.5% (7 DAP), respectively, and by 70.7% and 77.8% (21 DAP). Urea-coated activated charcoal fertiliser increases mustard plant biomass and nitrogen uptake. Biochar and activated charcoal from coconut shells and corncobs increase nitrogen use efficiency by 5, 24, 6, and 17%, respectively. Biochar/activated charcoal coatings are a promising technology for boosting nitrogen use efficiency in vegetable crops, including mustard crops.

Keywords: nutrient; nitrification; greenhouse gas emission; natural charcoal; coating of urea fertiliser

Received: July 11, 2023; Revised: November 24, 2023; Accepted: November 28, 2023; Prepublished online: January 3, 2024; Published: January 22, 2024  Show citation

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Harsanti ES, Ardiwinata AN, Sukarjo, Zu'amah H, Kurnia A, Sutriadi MT, et al.. Nitrogen losses (N2O and NO3–) from mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cropping applied urea coated bio-charcoal. CAAS Agricultural Journals. 2024;70(1):1-10. doi: 10.17221/282/2023-PSE.
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