본 연구는 지적장애 아동의 체질량지수(Body Mass Index: BMI)와 기본운동기술 능력(Fundamental Motor Skill Proficiency)과의 관계를 밝히고, BMI에 따른 집단 간 기본운동기술 능력의 차이를 규명하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구대상은 학령기 초기인 8~10세 사이의 지적장애 아동 67명으로, 각각의 대상자에 대한 자동신장-체중계(BSM 330, Biospace, Korea)를 이용하여 BMI를 산출하였으며, 대근운동발달검사(Test of Gross Motor Development-Second Edition: TGMD-2)를 통해 기본운동기술 능력을 측정하였다. 자료처리는 각 변인별 평균(mean)과 표준편차(standard deviation)를 산출하였고, 본 연구목적에 맞는 통계적 유의성 검증을 위해상관관계(correlation analysis) 및 일원변량(one-way ANOVA) 분석을 실시하였다. 이때, 통계학적 유의성 검증을 위한 유의수준 α는 .05로 설정하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지적장애 아동의 BMI와 이동운동기술 능력은 p<.01 수준에서 통계적으로 유의한 부적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다(r= -.424). 둘째, BMI 수준에 따른 집단 간 기본운동기술 능력의 차이는 이동운동기술(F=18.114, p<.01) 및 전체운동기술(F=3.616,p<.05) 능력에 있어 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 그러나 조작운동기술 능력에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 즉, 과체중 및 비만인 지적장애 아동은 정상체중인 지적장애 아동에 비해 이동운동기술 능력이 지체되어 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히, 비만인 지적장애 아동의 경우 이동운동기술 및 전체운동기술 능력에서 과체중 및 정상체중인 지적장애 아동에 비해 유의하게 낮은 수준을 보여주었다. 이상의결과를 토대로, 지적장애 아동의 인체측정학적 특성은 기본운동기술 능력 발달에 부분적으로 영향을 미치는요인임을 추정할 수 있다.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between fundamental motor skill proficiency and body mass index(BMI) in children with intellectual disability. Sixty-seven children aged 8-10 years had calculated their BMI and were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-second edition(TGMD-2,Ulrich, 2000). These data were analyzed in two ways. The correlation between BMI and TGMD-2 was calculated. Next, the groups were subdivided based on BMI status(normal weight, overweight and obese) and compared using one-way ANOVA. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS 18.0 program including descriptive statistics, a statistical significance was accepted at the level of p<.05. The results of this study were as follows;First, significant difference in TGMD-2 (locomotor skill) and BMI (r= -.424). Second, locomotor motor skill proficiency were significantly different according to BMI. By contrast, object control skill were not different significantly among groups. These results suggest that 8-10 years children with intellectual disability classified as overweight or obese may have lower motor skill proficiency than normal weight. Therefore, BMI must be considered as an important factor influencing the fundamental motor skill proficiency in children with intellectual disability.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between fundamental motor skill proficiency and body mass index(BMI) in children with intellectual disability. Sixty-seven children aged 8-10 years had calculated their BMI and were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-second edition(TGMD-2,Ulrich, 2000). These data were analyzed in two ways. The correlation between BMI and TGMD-2 was calculated. Next, the groups were subdivided based on BMI status(normal weight, overweight and obese) and compared using one-way ANOVA. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS 18.0 program including descriptive statistics, a statistical significance was accepted at the level of p<.05. The results of this study were as follows;First, significant difference in TGMD-2 (locomotor skill) and BMI (r= -.424). Second, locomotor motor skill proficiency were significantly different according to BMI. By contrast, object control skill were not different significantly among groups. These results suggest that 8-10 years children with intellectual disability classified as overweight or obese may have lower motor skill proficiency than normal weight. Therefore, BMI must be considered as an important factor influencing the fundamental motor skill proficiency in children with intellectual disability.
