67-EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE WORK OF PROFESSIONAL BRICKLAYER IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION WORKS OF GREAT PORTE IN THE CITY OF PONTA GROSSA

The present work deals with the Quality of Life at Work in the professional Bricklayer in large works in the city of Ponta Grossa, state of Paraná. For the evaluation, the questionnaire Quality of Working Life Questionnaire (QWLQ 78) was used, consisting of 78 (seventy eight) questions distributed in 4 (four) domains. The sample consisted of 19 (nineteen) professionals and after tabulation of the data, they were treated by descriptive statistics, which demonstrated that the physical/health domain and psychological domain are most affected by the generally unhealthy working conditions offered for these professionals.


1.INTRODUCTION
The term Quality of Life, although it is being used in temporal terms in a recent way, it has multiple historical roots.This multiplicity also encompasses social, psychological, financial, material, family, and often personal criteria.Thus, what is characterized as relevant in quality of life for an individual or group of individuals may be overlooked for another individual or group, both in quantitative and qualitative character.
The World Health Organization defined Quality of Life as "the individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value system in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns." The fact that it reflects on how individuals perceive and react about their health status and other non-medical aspects of their lives, people's preferences and values, is what differentiates the quality of life from all other measures Of health care (BELTRAME, 2009).
Historically, ASIMOV (2006) suggests that the first manifestation of concern with quality of life at work occurred with the discovery of metallurgy, in the period between 4,000 B.C. and 3,600 B.C., at the end of the stone age and before the invention of the wheel and of writing, when it was realized that the production of copper alloys with arsenic caused diseases in the workers, being that after the abandonment of this form of production and the adoption of other alloys, especially the copper alloys with tin, enabled to the man entering the so-called Bronze Age.
It is also worth mentioning that the Euclides geometer, in 300 B.C., developed through mathematical studies ways of promoting production with less effort, benefiting farmers on the banks of the Nile.The discovery of Archimedes interfacing levers, in parallel time, also reduced the needs of great efforts on the workers, improving their work performance and producing quality of life at work.
In this brief historical approach, the improvement of the working conditions and the search for the optimization of production, concomitantly with the comfort of the worker is a constant search of the man.
In the case of Brazilian civil construction workers, for example, because of secular practices used in constructions and the low investment in the qualification of this professional, the practice of labor often turns out to be less than it could be in productive terms.

2.THE CIVIL CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
A country of continental dimensions such as Brazil and with a little more than 500 years of existence, it has a fundamental segment of civil construction in the generation of jobs and wealth, since there is a great need to build the most varied buildings in our territory.
This branch of the economy is also responsible for a large part of the employment of economically and economically disadvantaged sections of the male population, and is also considered one of the highest risk occupations, often leading to workrelated accidents and pathology Painful, as these workers take on erroneous and inconvenient postures during the course of their work, in addition to the repetitive movements, as in the case of professional masons.
The Brazilian Occupational Classification (CBO) is the normative document for the recognition, naming and coding of titles and contents of occupations in the Brazilian labor market (MINISTRY OF LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT, 2012).
From its conception until the current moment, the Brazilian Classification of Occupations (CBO) has undergone some changes.Currently, the professional masons of the construction industry, which are the object of this work, are defined as Bricklayer of Buildings, Alvanel, Alvaner or Bricklayer, this professional has the functions in the construction work that go through the organization and preparation of the site , Construction of foundations and various structures of masonry and application of subfloors and various coatings.This occupation by CBO is classified under code 7152-10.
The Civil Construction industry is one of the branches of the Brazilian industry that absorbs a considerable number of workers, being the same of fundamental importance for the economy of the country, given its unique capacity to generate direct and indirect jobs.This can be verified by the fact that in the last decade, the Civil Construction Industry contributed with an average of 9% of Brazilian gross domestic product (GDP), while 16% of Brazilian industries have direct and / or indirect relations with industry (CIVIL CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY COMMITTEE -ICC, 2007).
For SILVA (2008), the sector stands out as a labor-intensive activity, demanding many low-skilled jobs that serve the less educated and poorer sections of society.In addition, the sector occupies a strategic position in the generation of jobs, since the creation of a job in the construction industry demands reduced investments, when compared to the creation of employment in the industries more capital-intensive.
Contrasting this economic capacity, we can emphasize the presence of symptoms of physical pain in civil construction MARCUS WILLIAM HAUSER STATE UNIVERSITY OF DE PONTA GROSSA (UEPG) -PONTA GROSSA -PARANÁ FEDERAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF PARANÁ (UTFPR) -PONTA GROSSA -PARANÁ -BRAZIL mwhauser1@gmail.comROGÉRIO RANTHUM FEDERAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF PARANÁ (UTFPR) -PONTA GROSSA -PARANÁ -BRAZIL rranthum@gmail.comANTONIO CARLOS FRASSON (Teaching Advisor) FEDERAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF PARANÁ (UTFPR) -PONTA GROSSA -PARANÁ -BRAZIL ancafra@gmail.comworkers, since the rhythm of the developed work activities is very exhausting, due to the involvement of many physical qualities or valences of the human organism.Bad conditions of work offered to the workers and their habitual low qualification.

3.METHODOLOGY USED
The terms assess, measure or measure are very subjective and concomitantly related to the proposed objectives.In the present scientific work there is the proposal to evaluate the Quality of Life in the Work of construction professionals -Bricklayer -in large works in the city of Ponta Grossa.
For QUIRINO and XAVIER (2007), there are two ways in which Quality of Life at Work can be measured in organizations.The first would be through the definitive approach, which would indicate the measurement of material conditions, such as the availability of equipment, salary patterns, the physical environment, among others.The second through the subjective approach, which would measure the level of satisfaction of workers with objective conditions (satisfactory or unsatisfactory).
The procedure adopted here was the subjective approach, using the Questionnaire -Quality of Working Life Questionnaire (QWLQ -78), in the Likert scale between 1 and 5 points, with questionnaires that had a minimum of 80% (or 63) of questions answered, by a sample of 19 (nineteen) masons, all of them working in large works, in the city of Ponta Grossa, in the state of Paraná.
In this evaluation instrument there are 78 questions, distributed in 4 areas to be considered, as follows: -Physical/Health Domain: indicators such as sleep quality, quality of food, heredity, comfort sensation, fatigue, satisfaction of basic physiological needs, chronic diseases, physical activity, work gymnastics, medical care and stress.
-Psychological Domain: in this field are evaluated indicators, such as: evaluation, self-control, self-esteem, camaraderie, degree of responsibility, freedom of expression, pride of work and safety.
-Personal Domain: indicators such as self-evaluation, personal and family leisure, housing, geographic changes, prejudices, personal privacy, personal fulfillment, boss / subordinate relationship, work / family relationship, family culture, respect of colleagues and superiors, transportation / mobility, personal values and beliefs, family values.
-Professional Domain: indicators such as: absenteeism, medical assistance, autonomy, bureaucracy, workload, cooperation between hierarchical levels, credibility of the superior, creativity, education, internal and external equity, time stability, ability and availability Of employees, identity with the task, company image (pride), work accidents, information about the total work processes, goals and objectives, level of challenge, participation in decisions, sharing of productivity gains, career plan and learning , Remuneration, feedback / recognition of their work, training, variety of task and preserved personal life.
Particularly in relation to the domains mentioned above, the value of 80% was also applied, with the minimum number of questions answered according to the following table : Table 01 -Domains and Issues -QWLQ 78 Source: Authorship (2016) At the time of application of the questionnaire instrument, there was a general explanation to the bricklayer, about the form and the objectives of the work, being the data taken in the first 30 (thirty) minutes of the work, so that the fatigue of the work developed during the Day, had no decisive influence on the answers.

4.RESULTS OBTAINED
The results obtained are described in the table below, as follows: Table 01 -Sample Descriptive Statistics -Bricklayer Source: Authorship (2016) For the sample used by the bricklayer (n = 19), the results show that the physical / health domain has the lowest arithmetic mean and consequently the lowest index of Quality of Life at Work, while the highest index occurs in the personal domain.

5.CONCLUSIONS
The results show that the physical/health domain is the most affected in the Quality of Life measurement of the professional Bricklayer, making it clear that such a domain due to the environment of the construction site is usually an unhealthy place.The second area most affected and directly related to health issues is the psychological domain, and it is normal for this type of professional to be affected by situations of stress and depression, with indications for the use of drugs and high rates of alcoholism.
Civil construction is undoubtedly a category marked by a highly exhausting work process, usually consisting of abundant, poorly paid and low-educated labor.In construction sites accidents are common.Weigh on these workers the constant fear of unemployment, since the great majority is made up of outsourced labor.Many of them do not have a formal contract, without social protection, subjected to deplorable conditions of work, in total disrespect to the elementary clauses of the collective 270 Ce document traite de la qualité de vie au travail dans le mason professionnel dans les grands travaux de la ville de Ponta Grossa, État de Parana.Pour l'évaluation a été utilisé l'instrument d'enquête de qualité de travail of Life Questionnaire (QWLQ -78), composé de 78 (soixante-huit) questions divisées par quatre (4) domaines.L'échantillon était composé de dix-neuf (19) professional et après la totalisation des données, ils ont été traités par des statistiques descriptives, qui ont montré que le physique domaine / santé et le domaine psychologique sont les plus affectés par les conditions de travail généralement malsaines offerts aux ces professionnels.