Kashiwakura, I., Inanami, O., Murakami, M., Takahashi, T. A., Kuwabara, M. and Takagi, Y. Effects of the Combination of Thrombopoietin with Cytokines on the Survival of X-Irradiated CD34 Megakaryocytic Progenitor Cells from Normal Human Peripheral Blood. Radiat. Res. 158, 202–209 (2002).

Combinations of thrombopoietin and cytokines that act on megakaryocyte development (stem cell factor, IL3, IL6, IL11, flt3 ligand (now known as FLT3LG), erythropoietin, GM-CSF and G-CSF were evaluated for their ability to enhance clonal growth in vitro of X-irradiated CD34 megakaryocytic progenitor cells (CFU-megakaryocytes) purified from normal human peripheral blood. These data were compared with corresponding results described previously for CD34 CFU-megakaryocytes from human placental/umbilical cord blood (I. Kashiwakura, Radiat. Res. 153, 144–152, 2000). All cytokines, except IL3, promoted thrombopoietin-induced colony formation, but they resulted in exponential radiation survival curves. No significant differences in the D₀ (46–61 cGy) and extrapolation number n (1.00–1.04) were observed between thrombopoietin alone and in combination with these cytokines. IL3 did not promote colony formation, but marked shoulders were observed on the survival curves (D₀ = 91 cGy, n = 2.83). Flow cytometric analysis of cells harvested from cultures of X-irradiated cells stimulated with thrombopoietin plus IL3 showed no significant differences in the expression of surface antigens and DNA ploidy distribution of megakaryocytes from the control. These findings suggest that IL3 plays a key role in promoting the survival of X-irradiated CD34 CFU-megakaryocytes from peripheral blood as well as those from cord blood, though the former are more radiosensitive.