Abstract
We introduce a dual-polarized (DP) Fabry—Pérot cavity (FPC) antenna operating at the millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band with high-gain and wideband characteristics. A DP feeding source and a partially reflective surface (PRS) integrated with a Fresnel zone lens are suggested to realize dual-polarization wave radiation over a wide impedance bandwidth. The feeding source provides vertical and horizontal polarizations while keeping high isolation between the two polarizations. PRS is used to realize Fabry cavity to produce a directive beam radiation. The integrated Fresnel zone rings are introduced for phase correction, leading to a significant gain enhancement for the antenna. For verification, a 60-GHz FPC antenna prototype with DP radiation is designed and fabricated with measurement results. It consists of a feeding source, a PRS integrated with a Fresnel zone lens, a quasi-curved reflector, and four three-dimensional printed supporters. The results illustrate that the peak gains of vertical and horizontal polarizations are 18.4 and 17.6 dBi, respectively. The impedance matching bandwidth for the two polarizations is 14%. The performance ensures that the proposed DP FPC antenna is a promising candidate for the fifth-generation wireless communication systems in the mmWave band.
概要
随着毫米波无线通信技术日趋成熟以及2019年世界无线电大会(WRC-19)正式将24.259大会(技0、37.0–43.5、66.0–43.5频段分配给国际移动通信系统,毫米波通信系统近期将陆续在世界范围内开展大规模商用部署。毫米波存在路径损耗大等不利的传播特性。宽带高增益毫米波天线作为通信传播和电子设备之间的接口,为补偿通信系统的路径损耗、提高数据传输提供了保障。基于部分反射表面的法布里—佩罗天线凭借其结构简单、剖面低、成本低、增益高的特点,在高频段的应用中拥有更高的灵活度和潜力。本文提出一种高增益、宽频带的毫米波双极化法布里—佩罗天线,采用宽带的双极化馈源、近似椭圆抛物面的反射地板以及全对称的集成菲涅尔环的单层部分反射表面,实现了宽带高增益的双极化毫米波法布里—佩罗天线设计,为毫米波天线应用和未来通信系统以及通信方案的创新奠定基础。
所提出的天线结构由宽带双极化馈电源、准抛物面反射面和集成菲涅尔环的部分反射表面组成。宽带馈电源是一个3层介质层结构,具有垂直极化和水平极化的2个馈电端口,其辐射器是一个电磁偶极子。此馈电源采用磁电偶极子的辐射体结构实现宽带的特性,通过十字形馈电缝隙提高两个极化之间的极化隔离度,形成宽带高隔离度的毫米波双极化馈电源。设计了准抛物面的反射地板以形成法布里—佩罗腔体,从而激励多模高斯模式,实现整个腔体的宽带化。最后,采用菲涅尔环集成的部分反射表面,完成对电磁波的相位调控,实现天线的高增益特性。
为验证上述设计方法和理念,对所设计的天线进行加工制造以及测量。测试结果表明,此天线的垂直极化和水平极化的峰值增益分别为18.4和17.6 dBi,两种极化的阻抗匹配带宽为14%。此外,两种极化的隔离度高达40 dB,有效避免了两个端口能量的串扰。这些性能确保所提出的双极化法布里—佩罗天线能有效应用于毫米波频段无线通信系统。
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Qingyi GUO designed the research. Hang WONG guided the research. Qingyi GUO processed the data and drafted the manuscript. Hang WONG helped organize the manuscript. Qingyi GUO and Hang WONG revised and finalized the paper.
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Qingyi GUO and Hang WONG declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Project supported by the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong SAR, China (No. CityU11218318) and the CityU Strategic Research Grant, China (No. SRG-Fd 7005446)
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Guo, Q., Wong, H. A dual-polarized Fabry-Pérot antenna with high gain and wide bandwidth for millimeter-wave applications. Front Inform Technol Electron Eng 22, 599–608 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2000514
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2000514
Key words
- Dual polarized
- Fabry-Pérot cavity antenna
- partially reflective surface integrated with Fresnel zone lens
- Millimeter-wave band
- High-gain
- Wideband