Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T12:43:49.168Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Operational Control of Eurasian Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) and Impacts to the Native Submersed Aquatic Macrophyte Community in Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

John D. Madsen ,
Ryan M. Wersal  and
Thomas E. Woolf
John D. Madsen*
Affiliation:
USDA Agricultural Research Service Exotic and Invasive Weeds Research Unit, University of California–Davis, Department of Plant Sciences, Davis, CA 95616
Ryan M. Wersal
Affiliation:
Lonza, 1200 Bluegrass Lakes Parkway, Alpharetta, GA 30004
Thomas E. Woolf
Affiliation:
Idaho State Department of Agriculture, Box 790, Boise, ID 83701
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jmadsen@ucdavis.edu
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Lake Pend Oreille is the largest (36,000 ha or 91,000 ac) freshwater lake in Idaho. Approximately 27% or 10,000 ha of the lake is littoral zone habitat supporting aquatic macrophyte growth. Eurasian watermilfoil has invaded large areas of this littoral zone habitat, with early estimates suggesting approximately 2,000 ha by the mid 2000s. Idaho State Department of Agriculture developed a state-wide eradication program in response to the threats posed by Eurasian watermilfoil, which attempts to quantify Eurasian watermilfoil infestations and its effects on the native plant community. Littoral zone point intercept surveys were conducted in 2007 and 2008 to monitor the trends in aquatic macrophyte community structure and assess management strategies against Eurasian watermilfoil. Lake Pend Oreille has a species-rich aquatic macrophyte community of more than 50 species. Lake-wide, the presence of Eurasian watermilfoil significantly decreased from 2007 (12.5%) to 2008 (7.9%). The native plant community has remained stable from 2007 to 2008 despite lake-wide management activities. In managed areas, the frequency of Eurasian watermilfoil during the 2008 assessment was 23.6% after herbicide applications. This represents a 63% reduction in Eurasian watermilfoil presence from the 2007 (64.5%) survey. When 2,4-D was combined with endothall, the presence of Eurasian watermilfoil declined from 63% (2007) to 36.5% in 2008. Eurasian watermilfoil treated with triclopyr also declined significantly, 64% to 18.2%. When all treatment methods were pooled and compared with areas that were not treated, the presence of Eurasian watermilfoil was significantly greater (52.5%) in untreated areas as opposed to treated areas (23%). The removal of Eurasian watermilfoil resulted in an increase in native species in most areas. Currently, there is as little as 200 ha of Eurasian watermilfoil remaining, which represents an overall reduction of 90% in approximately 7 yr of management.

Keywords

Fluridonetriclopyr2,4-DendothallEurasian watermilfoil, Myriophyllum spicatum L. MYSP2Aquatic macrophyte managementherbicide selectivityinvasive specieslake managementnative macrophyte
Type
Research Article
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 8 , Issue 2 , June 2015 , pp. 219 - 232
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

References

Literature Cited

Barko, JW, Adams, MS, Clesceri, NS (1986) Environmental factors and their consideration in the management of submersed aquatic vegetation: a review. J Aquat Plant Manage 24:1–10 Google Scholar
Capers, RS, Selsky, RS, Bugbee, GJ, White, JC (2007) Aquatic plant community invasibility and scale-dependent patterns in native and invasive species richness. Ecology 88:3135–3143 Google Scholar
Carpenter, SR, Lodge, DM (1986) Effects of submersed macrophytes on ecosystem processes. Aquat Bot 26:341–370 Google Scholar
Case, ML, Madsen, JD (2004) Factors limiting the growth of Stuckenia pectinata (sago pondweed) in Heron Lake, Minnesota. J Freshw Ecol 19:17–23 Google Scholar
Chadwell, TB, Engelhardt, KAM (2008) Effects of pre-existing submersed vegetation and propagule pressure on the invasion success of Hydrilla verticillata . J Appl Ecol 45:515–523 Google Scholar
Crowell, WJ, Proulx, NA, Welling, CH (2006) Effects of repeated fluridone treatments over nine years to control Eurasian watermilfoil in a mesotrophic lake. J Aquat Plant Manage 44:133–136 Google Scholar
Doyle, RD (2000) Effects of Navigation on Aquatic Plants: Effects of Sediment Resuspension and Deposition on Plant Growth and Reproduction. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Upper Mississippi River–Illinois Waterway System Navigation Study, ENV Rep. 28. Pages 64 p.Google Scholar
Eichler, LW, Bombard, RT, Sutherland, JW, Boylen, CW (1993) Suction harvesting of Eurasian watermilfoil and its effect on native plant communities. J Aquat Plant Manage 31:144–148 Google Scholar
Engelhardt, KAM, Ritchie, ME (2002) The effect of aquatic plant species richness on wetland ecosystem processes. Ecology 83:2911–2924 Google Scholar
Getsinger, KD, Turner, EG, Madsen, JD, Netherland, MD (1997) Restoring native vegetation in a Eurasian watermilfoil dominated plant community using the herbicide triclopyr. Regul Rivers Res Manage 13:357–375 Google Scholar
Hofstra, DE, Clayton, JS (2001) Evaluation of selected herbicides for the control of exotic submersed weeds in New Zealand: I. The use of endothall, triclopyr and dichlobenil. J Aquat Plant Manage 39:20–24 Google Scholar
Keast, A (1984) The introduced macrophyte, Myriophyllum spicatum, as a habitat for fish and their invertebrate prey. Can J Zool 62:1289–1303 Google Scholar
Krull, JN (1970) Aquatic plant–invertebrate associations and waterfowl. J Wildl Manage 34:707–718 Google Scholar
Lillie, RA, Budd, J (1992) Habitat architecture of Myriophyllum spicatum as an index to habitat quality for fish and macroinvertebrates. J Freshw Ecol 7:113–125 Google Scholar
Madsen, JD (1994) Invasions and declines of submersed macrophytes in Lake George and other Adirondack lakes. Lake Reservoir Manage 10:19–23 Google Scholar
Madsen, JD (1998) Predicting invasion success of Eurasian watermilfoil. J Aquat Plant Manage 36:28–32 Google Scholar
Madsen, JD (1999) Point and Line Intercept Methods for Aquatic Plant Management. Vicksburg, MS U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Aquatic Plant Control. Research Program Technical Notes Collection TN APCRP-M1-02, 16 p.Google Scholar
Madsen, JD, Bloomfield, JA, Sutherland, JW, Eichler, LW, Boylen, CW (1996) The aquatic macrophyte community of Onondaga Lake: field survey and plant growth bioassays of lake sediments. Lake Reservoir Manage 12:73–79 Google Scholar
Madsen, JD, Chambers, PA, James, WF, Koch, EW, Westlake, DF (2001) The interactions between water movement, sediment dynamics and submersed macrophytes. Hydrobiologia 444:71–84 Google Scholar
Madsen, JD, Hartleb, CF, Boylen, CW (1991a) Photosynthetic characteristics of Myriophyllum spicatum and six submersed macrophyte species native to Lake George, New York. Freshwater Biol 26:233–240 Google Scholar
Madsen, JD, Stewart, RM, Getsinger, KD, Johnson, RL, Wersal, RM (2008) Aquatic plant communities in Waneta Lake and Lamoka Lake, New York. Northeast Nat 15:97–110 Google Scholar
Madsen, JD, Sutherland, JW, Bloomfield, JA, Eichler, LW, Boylen, CW (1991b) The decline of native vegetation under dense Eurasian watermilfoil canopies. J Aquat Plant Manage 29:94–99 Google Scholar
Madsen, JD, Wersal, RM (2008) Assessment of Eurasian Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) Populations in Lake Pend Oreille, ID for 2007. Final report submitted to the Idaho State Department of Agriculture in April 2008. GeoResources Institute Report 5028Google Scholar
Madsen, JD, Wersal, RM (2009) Aquatic Plant Community and Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) Management Assessment in Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho for 2008. Final report submitted to the Idaho State Department of Agriculture in March 2009. Mississippi State, MS Geosystems Research Institute Report 5032. 116 p.Google Scholar
Netherland, MD, Getsinger, KD, Turner, EG (1993) Fluridone concentrations and exposure time requirements for control of Eurasian watermilfoil and hydrilla. J Aquat Plant Manage 31:189–194 Google Scholar
Ozimek, T, Gulati, RD, van Donk, E (1990) Can macrophytes be useful in biomanipulation of lakes? The Lake Zwemlust example. Hydrobiologia 200/201:399–407 Google Scholar
Parsons, JK, Hamel, KS, O’Neal, SL, Moore, AW (1994) The impact of endothall on the aquatic plant community of Kress Lake, Washington. J Aquat Plant Manage 42:109–114 Google Scholar
Savino, JF, Stein, RA (1989) Behavior of fish predators and their prey: habitat choice between open water and dense vegetation. Environ Biol Fishes 24:287–293 Google Scholar
Shea, K, Chesson, P (2002) Community ecology theory as a framework for biological invasions. Trends Ecol Evol 17:170–176 Google Scholar
Simberloff, D (2003) Eradication-preventing the invasion at the outset. Weed Sci 51:247–253 Google Scholar
Skogerboe, JG, Getsinger, KD (2001) Endothall species selectivity evaluation: southern latitude aquatic plant community. J Aquat Plant Manage 39:129–135 Google Scholar
Skogerboe, JG, Getsinger, KD (2002) Endothall species selectivity evaluation: northern altitude aquatic plant community. J Aquat Plant Manage 40:1–5 Google Scholar
Sprecher, SL, Getsinger, KD, Stewart, AB (1998) Selective effects of aquatic herbicides on sago pondweed. J Aquat Plant Manage 36:64–68 Google Scholar
Sprecher, SL, Stewart, AB (1995) Triclopyr effects on peroxidase activity in target and non-target aquatic plants. J Aquat Plant Manage 33:43–48 Google Scholar
Stokes, ME, Davis, CS, Koch, GG (2000) Categorical Data Analysis Using the SAS® System. 2nd edn. Cary, NC SAS Institute. 648 pGoogle Scholar
[USEPA] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1993) Clark Fork–Pend Oreille Basin Water Quality Study: Summary of Findings and a Management Plan. Helena, MT U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8, January 1993. 126 pGoogle Scholar
Wersal, RM, Madsen, JD, McMillan, BR, Gerard, PD (2006) Environmental factors affecting biomass and distribution of Stuckenia pectinata in the Heron Lake System, Minnesota, USA. Wetlands 26:313–321 Google Scholar
Wersal, RM, Madsen, JD, Woolf, TE, Eckberg, N (2010) Assessment of herbicide efficacy on Eurasian watermilfoil and impacts to the native submersed plant community in Hayden Lake, Idaho, USA. J Aquat Plant Manage 48:5–11 Google Scholar
Wetzel, RG (2001) Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems. 3rd edn. San Diego Academic Press. 1006 pGoogle Scholar