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Domínguez-Castro, Fernando; Vaquero, José Manuel; Gallego, María Cruz; Farrona, Ana María Marín; Antuña-Marrero, Juan Carlos; Cevallos, Elizabeth; García Herrera, Ricardo; de la Guía, Cristina; Mejía, Raúl David; Naranjo, José; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Ramos Guadalupe, Luis Enrique; Seiner, Lizardo; Trigo, Ricardo M; Villacís, Marcos (2017): Early Meteorological Records from Latin-America and Caribbean during the 18th and 19th centuries, collection of data files [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871490, Supplement to: Domínguez-Castro, Fernando; Vaquero, José Manuel; Gallego, María Cruz; Farrona, Ana María Marín; Antuña-Marrero, Juan Carlos; Cevallos, Elizabeth; García-Herrera, Ricardo; de la Guía, Cristina; Mejía, Raúl David; Naranjo, José; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Ramos Guadalupe, Luis Enrique; Seiner, Lizardo; Trigo, Ricardo M; Villacís, Marcos (2017): Early meteorological records from Latin-America and the Caribbean during the 18th and 19th centuries. Scientific Data, 4, 170169, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.169

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Abstract:
Early instrumental observations are an important tool to understand multidecadal climate variability or put in context specific extreme phenomena. This paper provides early instrumental data recovered in Latin-America and the Caribbean. Data have been retrieved from 20 countries (Argentina, Bahamas, Belize, Brazil, British Guiana, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, France (Martinique and Guadalupe), Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, El Salvador and Suriname) and they cover the 18th and 19th centuries. The main meteorological variables retrieved are air temperature, atmospheric pressure and precipitation but other variables, such as humidity, wind direction, or state of the sky have been retrieved when possible. In total, more than 300 000 early instrumental observations have been rescued (96% with daily resolution). Special effort has been done to document all the available metadata (instruments, observers, methodology of observation...) in order to allow further post processing. The compilation is far from being exhaustive but the data set will contribute to a better understanding of the climate variability in the region and to enlarge the overlapping period between instrumental data and natural and documentary proxies.
Related to:
Academia de Ciencias Médicas, Físicas y Naturales de La Habana: Anales de la Real Academia de Ciencias Médicas, Fsicas y Naturales de la Habana. Revista cientfica, various volumes, 1864-1905, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/3669#/summary
Aguilar, F C (1865): Boletín meteorológico o resumen de las observaciones meteorológicas: Hechas en el Colegio Nacional de Quito a cargo de los padres de la Compañía de Jesús, desde el 7 de junio de 1864 hasta el 7 del mismo mes y año de 1865 y comparadas con las de Guatemala de 1862 y con la de Santiago de Chile de 1863 y 64. Imprenta Nacional M. Mosquera, 44 pp
Aguilar, F C (1868): Boletín meteorológico del observatorio del colegio nacional de Quito, dirigido por los padres de la compañía de Jesús segundo Año 1866.
Aguirre Montúfar, Carlos (1851): Rapport sur les observations météorologiques faites à l'Antisana, par M. Carlos Aguirre. Comptes rendus de lAcadémie des Sciences, 32, 741-755
Anonymous (1859): Tomo VI - Tomo IX. Revista de los Progresos de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/7135#/summary
Anonymous (1870): Observaciones meteorolojicas ejecutadas en el Faro de Coquimbo durante el año 1869. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 280-303
Anonymous (1870): Observaciones meteorolojicas ejecutadas en Puerto Montt en 1868. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 362-396
Anonymous (1873): Observaciones Meteorolójicas 1871. Practicadas en Constitución, Corral, Ancud y Puerto Montt. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 221-288
Anonymous (1873): Observaciones Meteorolójicas 1871. Practicadas en el Faro de Caldera, Coquimbo y Valparaiso. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 161-220
Anonymous (1875): Caja no. 135. Archivo del Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada en San Fernando. Astronomía. Observaciones
Anonymous: Archivo Medico Brasileiro. Gazeta mensal de medicina, cirurgia, e sciencias accessorias, 1844-1847, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1844-1847
Anwandter, Carlos (1852): Memoria sobre el clima de Valdivia- comunicado a la Facultad de Ciencias por el Dr. Philippi. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 1, 283-288, http://biblioteca.dgf.uchile.cl/anuarios/Anales/Memoria%20clima%20de%20valdivia%201852.pdf
Boussingault, Jean Baptiste (1851): Économie rurale considérée dans ses rapports avec la chimie, la physique et la météorologie. Béchet Jeune, Paris
Boussingault, Jean Baptiste; Roulin, Francois Désiré (1849): Viajes científicos a los Andes Ecuatoriales. Libreria Castellana
Bravard, A (1858): Registro estadistico del estado de Buenos Aires 1857. Imprenta de la TRIBUNA, 382 pp, https://archive.org/details/registroestadst01provgoog
Bustillos, José Vicente (1850): Observaciones meteorolojicas de las lluvias I de algunos otros fenómenos análogos, acaecidos en la capital desde el año de 1824 hasta el 1850 especificandose en muchos de ellos las horas de lluvia estando el sol en el Horizonte i bajo de él. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 185-300
Cornette, Père (1853): Annuaire de la société météorologique de France. Société météorologique de France, Paris, 1, 269 pp, https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007913700
Dámaso, Antonio Larrañaga (1823): Archivo Nacional de la Nación (Uruguay) Caja 195 ''Escritos del Padre Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga'', carpeta 12 ''observaciones meteorológicas''. REG34.pdf
Davis, Gualterio G (1889): Ligeros apuntes sobre el clima de la República Argentina. Por el Director de la Oficina Meteorológica Argentina. Imprenta de Pablo E. Coni e Hijos Buenos Aires
de Alzate y Ramirez, José Antonio (1831): Observaciones meteorológicas de los últimos nueve meses del año de 1769. Gacetas de literatura de Mexico, 4, 49-61
de Caldas, Francisco José (1849): Observaciones meteorologicas hechas en el Observatorio astronomico de Santa Fe de Bogata. Semanario de la Nueva Granada
de la Sagra, Ramon (1827): Memorias para servir de introducción a la Horticultura cubana. Nueva York: en casa de Lanuza, Mendia Y C., Impresores Libreros
de la Sagra, Ramon (1863): Historia física, política y natural de la isla de Cuba. Tomo I. Librería de Arthur Bertrand, Paris, 1832-1863 (Imprenta de Maulde y Renou), 302 pp, https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000317120
Dove, HW (1859): Über die nicht periodischen Veränderungen der Temperatur-Vertheilung auf der Oberfläche der Erde. 428 pp
Erenchun, Felix (1856): Anales de la Isla de Cuba 1855. Imprenta del Tiempo, Habana, 685 pp
Geisse, Federico (1863): Meteorolojia. Ensayo sobre el clima del teritorio de Llanquihue por el Dr. Federico Geisse. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 23, 519-532
Great Britain Meteorological Office (1890): Meteorological observations at the foreign and colonial stations of the Royal Engineers and the Army Medical Department, 1852-1886. H.M. Stationery Office, 261 pp
Harrington, M W (1900): Central America Rainfall. Bulletin of the Philosophical Society of Washington (1895-1899), 13, 1-30
James, H (1855): Abstracts from the meteorological observations taken at the stations of the Royal Engineers in the year 1853-1854.
Jimenez, F (1859): Boletín de la sociedad mexicana de geografía y estadística tomo VII.
Mayne, Richard Charles (1871): Sailing directions for Magellan Strait, and channels leading to the gulf of Peñas. Hydrographic Office, https://archive.org/details/sailingdirectio01offigoog
Menten, Juan Bautista (1877): Historia y descripción del Observatorio Astronómico de Quito. Imprenta Nacional, Quito, Ecuador, 18 pp
Menten, Juan Bautista (1882): Boletín del Observatorio Astronómico de Quito (1878-1882).
Moesta, Carlos (1864): Determinación de la temperatura media anual de Valparaiso i algunas consideraciones relativas a la distribución de la temperatura en la Costa occidental de la América del Sur. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 24, 190-199
Moesta, Carlos (1865): Meteorolojía. Nueva determinacion de la temperatura media anual de Santiago y Valpataiso i observaciones meteorolójicas hechas en el Observatorio de Santiago de Chile i Faro de Valparaiso. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 26, 121-169
Morris, C (1852): Explanations and sailing directions to accompany the wind and current charts.
Muñoz Gamero, Benjamin (1852): Sobre el clima del estrecho de Magallanes por Don Benjamín Muñoz Gamero. Observaciones meteorológicas hechas en Punta Arenas desde el 1 de junio hasta el 27 de octubre. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 9, 289-296
Nuñez, Ignacio (1825): Noticias Históricas, Politicas y Estadísticas de las provincias unidas del Rio de la Plata. Londres: Publicado por R. Ackermann, 101, Strand, y en su establecimiento en Megico
Pichardo, Esteban (1854): Geografía de la Isla de Cuba.
Pittier, H (1889): Anales del Instituto Físico-Geografico y del Museo Nacional de Costa Rica. San José de Costa Rica
Rocha, Leduar de Assis (1977): Annaes da Medicina Pernambucana (1842-1844). Governo do Estado de Pernambuco, Secretaria de Educação e Cultura, https://bndigital.bn.br/acervo-digital/annaes-da-medicina-pernambucana/819166
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1797): Observações Astronomicas feitas junto ao Castelo da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro para determinar a Latitude, e Longitude da dita Cidade. Memorias da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1, 325-344
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1798): Observações Meteorologicas feitas na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Memorias da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1, 345-378
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1799): Observações Astronomicas, e Meteorologicas feitas na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro no anno de 1784. Memorias de Mathematica e Phisica da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 2, 347-368
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1799): Observações Astronomicas, e Meteorologicas feitas na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro no anno de 1785. Memorias de Mathematica e Phisica da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 2, 369-401
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1812): Diario Physico-meteorologico de Dezembro do anno de 1788 da Cidade de S. Paulo na America Meridional e Oriental. Memorias de Mathematica e Phisica da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 3, 193-197
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1812): Diario Physico-meteorologico de Novembro do anno de 1788 da Cidade de S. Paulo na America Meridional e Oriental. Memorias de Mathematica e Phisica da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 3, 188-192
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1812): Diario Physico-meteorologico de Outubro do anno de 1788 da Cidade de S. Paulo na America Meridional e Oriental. Memorias de Mathematica e Phisica da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 3, 183-187
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1812): Observações Astronomicas, e Meteorologicas feitas na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro no anno de 1786. Memorias de Mathematica e Phisica da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 3, 68-107
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1812): Observações Astronomicas, e Meteorologicas feitas na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro no anno de 1787. Memorias de Mathematica e Phisica da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 3, 108-153
Sanches d'Orta, Bento (1812): Taboas e Diario Meteorologico pertenientes, no Anno de 1788. Memorias de Mathematica e Phisica da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 3, 154-182
Sandeman, Patrick (1857): Monthly tables of daily means of meteorological elements deduced from observations taken at the observatory, Georgetown, Demerara, British Guiana.
Schyte, Jorge C (1855): El territorio de Magallanes y su colonización. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 1, 433-465, https://www.memoriachilena.gob.cl/602/w3-article-84139.html
Schyte, Jorge C (1861): Meteorolojia. Observaciones meteorolojicas tomadas en Punta-Arenas, territorio de Magallanes, desde el 1º de abril hasta el 30 de setiembre de 1859, por Don Jorje C. Schythe Comunicación a la Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas i Físicas por el mismo señor Schythe. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 461-479
Streber, Ferdinand (1868): Censo general de la República de Costa-Rica.
Stubel, Alfons (1897): Die Vulkanberge Von Ecuador geologish-topographisch aufgenomnen und beschrieben.
Villarino, Joaquín (1855): Observaciones meteorolojicas e hidrométricas, del estado atmosférico i de los temblores, hechas en los meses de julio, agosto, septiembre, octubre i noviembre de 1855 en el Liceo de Concepción. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 689-708
Further details:
Duarte González, Eliécer (2014): Las cuatro erupciones freáticas recientes del volcán Turrialba (2010-2013) una por año. Revista Geográfica de América Central, 52, 139-161, https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/geografica/article/view/6290
Farrona, Ana María Marín; Domínguez-Castro, Fernando; Gallego, María Cruz; Vaquero, José Manuel (2016): The first meteorological observations at a tropical high elevation site: Antisana, 1846. Journal of Mountain Science, 13(6), 1047-1055, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-015-3795-0
Farrona, Ana María Marín; Trigo, Ricardo M; Gallego, María Cruz; Vaquero, José Manuel (2012): The meteorological observations of Bento Sanches Dorta, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: 1781-1788. Climatic Change, 115(3), 579-595, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0467-8
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -12.245207 * Median Longitude: -69.806500 * South-bound Latitude: -54.810000 * West-bound Longitude: -99.140000 * North-bound Latitude: 25.070000 * East-bound Longitude: -34.880000
Date/Time Start: 1754-01-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1905-12-31T00:00:00
Comment:
This dataset provides early instrumental data recovered in Latin-America and the Caribbean. Data have been retrieved from 20 countries (Argentina, Bahamas, Belize, Brazil, British Guiana, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, France (Martinique and Guadalupe), Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, El Salvador and Suriname) and they cover the 18th and 19th centuries. The main meteorological variables retrieved are air temperature, atmospheric pressure and precipitation but other variables, such as humidity, wind direction, or state of the sky have been retrieved when possible. In total, more than 300.000 early instrumental observations have been rescued.
Comments contain: All the metadata rescued about the observations or the observer. Also provides extreme or rare events recorded by the observer and any other information that could be useful to interpret the series.
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
140 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

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  1. Domínguez-Castro, F; Vaquero, JM; Gallego, MC et al. (2017): Early Meteorological Records from Latin-America and Caribbean during the 18th and 19th centuries (link to zip file). https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871480
  2. Sandeman, P (1857): Daily meteorological measurements in Georgetown, British Guiana from January 1846- December 1856, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872368
  3. de Moraes Sarmento, JJ (1977): Daily meteorological measurements in Recife, Brazil from August 1842- January 1843, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872589
  4. Sanches d'Orta, B (1812): Daily meteorological measurements in São Paulo, Brazil from October- November 1788, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872420
  5. Anonymous (1873): Daily meteorological measurements in Ancud, Chile from January 1871- December 1872, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872421
  6. Villarino, J (1855): Daily meteorological measurements in Concepción, Chile from July- November 1855, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872423
  7. Rugg, S (1873): Daily meteorological measurements in Constitucion, Chile from January 1871- December 1872, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872424
  8. Anonymous (1873): Daily meteorological measurements in Coquimbo, Chile from January 1871- December 1872, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872425
  9. Anonymous (1873): Daily meteorological measurements in Corral, Chile from January 1871- December 1872, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872426
  10. Muñoz Gamero, B (1852): Daily meteorological measurements in Punta Arenas, Chile from June 1851- October 1851, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872427
  11. Anonymous (1870): Daily meteorological measurements in Puerto Montt, Chile from October 1868- December 1869, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872428
  12. Anonymous (1873): Daily meteorological measurements in Puerto Montt, Chile from January 1871- December 1872, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872429
  13. Anonymous (1873): Daily meteorological measurements in Valparaiso, Chile from January 1871- April 1872, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872431
  14. Melero, MJ (1869): Daily meteorological measurements in Havana, Cuba from July 1864- November 1869, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872061
  15. Melero, MJ (1880): Daily meteorological measurements in Havana, Cuba from November 1870- December 1880, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872062
  16. Melero, MJ (1905): Daily meteorological measurements in Havana, Cuba from January 1885- December 1905, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872063
  17. Menten, JB (1882): Daily meteorological measurements in Quito, Ecuador from October 1878- March 1882, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872433
  18. de Alzate y Ramirez, JA (1831): Daily meteorological measurements in Mexico city, Mexico from April- December 1769, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872434
  19. Rodrigues, JJ (1846): Daily temperature measurements in Bahia, Brazil from January- April 1846, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872015
  20. Anonymous (1870): Daily temperature measurements and weather observations in Coquimbo, Chile from January- December 1869, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872020
  21. Mateluna, FJ (1865): Daily temperature measurements in Valparaiso, Chile from March 1863-December 1868, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872430
  22. Anonymous (1839): Daily temperature, humidity and pressure measurements in Havana, Cuba from January 1838- December 1839, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872057
  23. Pichardo, E (1854): Daily temperature measurements in Havana, Cuba in August 1854, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872058
  24. Pichardo, E (1854): Daily temperature measurements in Havana, Cuba in January 1855, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872059
  25. Pichardo, E (1854): Daily temperature measurements in Matanzas, Cuba in January and August for the years 1837 and 1846, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872123
  26. Stubel, A (1897): Daily temperature measurements in Latacunga, Ecuador in March, April 1873 and April, Mai, August 1874, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872124
  27. Stubel, A (1897): Daily temperature measurements in Quito, Ecuador from April 1870- December 1873 (discontinuous), digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871911
  28. Stubel, A (2017): Daily temperature measurements in Riobamba, Ecuador in May and August 1872, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871912
  29. Anonymous (1794): Daily temperature measurements in Lima, Peru from January 1791- May 1794 (with important gaps), digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871917
  30. Anonymous (1800): Daily temperature measurements in Lima, Peru from January 1799- December 1800 (with important gaps), digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871918
  31. Anonymous (1858): Daily temperature and pressure measurements and weather observations in Buenos Aires, Argentina from August and September 1801, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872366
  32. Moreno, M (1822): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Buenos Aires, Argentina from March- November 1822, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872367
  33. do Lago, ABP (1810): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Recife, Brazil from January 1808- December 1810, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872369
  34. Laudon, JJ (1977): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Recife, Brazil from July 1842- March 1843, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872370
  35. de Moraes Sarmento, JJ (1812): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from May 1781 - December 1788, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872372
  36. Araujo, MJ (1814): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from February 1813- December 1814, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872017
  37. Anonymous (1822): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from May 1821- October 1822, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872018
  38. Bellegarde, PA (1844): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from January- August 1844, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872419
  39. Anonymous (1873): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Caldera, Chile from January 1871- December 1872, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872019
  40. Schyte, JC (1861): Daily temperature and pressure measurements and weather observations in Punta Arenas, Chile from April- September 1859, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872044
  41. de Caldas, FJ (1849): Daily temperature and pressure measurements and precipitation in Bogotá, Colombia from January- June 1808, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872046
  42. Boussingault, JB (1849): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Bogotá, Colombia from August 1823- July 1824, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872047
  43. Acosta, J (1849): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Bogotá, Colombia from September 1831-December 1835, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872052
  44. Anonymous (1863): Daily temperature and pressure measurements in Havana, Cuba from January- December 1794, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872053
  45. Cerviño, A (1858): Meteorological measurements in Buenos Aires, Argentina from January- December 1805, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872520
  46. Anonymous (1825): Meteorological measurements in Buenos Aires, Argentina from January- December 1822, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872521
  47. Anonymous (1889): Meteorological measurements in Cordoba, Argentina from September 1873- December 1888, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872522
  48. Rimmington, S; Heygate, RE; Coleman, CW (1890): Meteorological measurements in Nassau, Bahamas from September 1852- December 1854, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872523
  49. Dewey, HB (1852): Meteorological measurements in Belem do Para, Brazil from January 1845- June 1849, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872524
  50. Laudon, JJ (1977): Meteorological measurements in Recife, Brazil from January 1842- December 1842, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872525
  51. Sanches d'Orta, B (1812): Meteorological measurements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from May 1781- December 1788, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872526
  52. Allemão de Cysneiro, FF (1838): Meteorological measurements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from January 1836- December 1838, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872590
  53. King, PP (1871): Meteorological measurements in Puerto Hambre, Chile from February- August 1822, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872591
  54. Anwandter, C (1852): Meteorological measurements in Valdivia, Chile from April 1851- March 1852, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872592
  55. Maison, M (1868): Meteorological measurements in San José, Costa Rica from January 1866- December 1867, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872593
  56. Rohrmoser, F (1868): Meteorological measurements in Heredia, Costa Rica from January 1866-December 1867, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872594
  57. Aguilar, FC (1865): Meteorological measurements in Quito, Ecuador from June 1864- May 1865, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872595
  58. Aguilar, FC (1868): Meteorological measurements in Quito, Ecuador from January- December 1866, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872596
  59. Canudas, A (1859): Meteorological measurements in Guatemala city, Guatemala from February 1856- December 1859 (gap 1858), digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872597
  60. Canudas, A; Lizarzaburu, J (1865): Meteorological measurements in Guatemala city, Guatemala from January- December 1862, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872598
  61. Yule, RE (1855): Meteorological measurements in Up Park Camp, Jamaica from February 1853- January 1854, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872602
  62. Anonymous (1875): Meteorological measurements in San Juan, Puerto Rico from August 1874- July 1875, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872604
  63. Cerviño, P; Moreno, M; Mossotti, OF et al. (1889): Precipitation measurements in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 1805-1887 (no data 1823-1830, 1835-1855), digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871789
  64. Frey, G; Leod, M (1889): Precipitation and rainfall observations in Concordia, Argentina December 1875-December 1878 and March 1887-December 1888, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871489
  65. Carton, L (1889): Precipitation measurements in Goya, Argentina from May 1876-December 1887, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871503
  66. Bialet, J (1889): Precipitation measurements in La Rioja, Argentina from September 1875-October 1878, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871504
  67. Wood, TB; Wood, JR; Cook, AB (1889): Precipitation measurements in Rosario, Argentina from February 1875- December 1888, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871505
  68. Pereyra, L (1889): Precipitation measurements in San Juan (Buenos Aires province, Argentina) from Summer 1867- Spring 1887, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871506
  69. Avé-Lallemant, G (1889): Precipitation measurements in San Luis from May 1874- October 1877, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871507
  70. Avé-Lallemant, G (1889): Precipitation measurements in Paramillo de Uspallata from May 1886- December 1888, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871508
  71. Fontana, D; Zamfrine, L (1889): Precipitation measurements in Villa Formosa from June 1879- December 1888, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871509
  72. Anonymous (1900): Precipitation measurements in Belize city, Belize from 1848-1888 (gaps 1849-1862, 1870-1877, 1884), digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871513
  73. Mariano del Campo, D (1889): Precipitation measurements in Alegria, Colombia from August- December 1808, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871552
  74. de Caldas, FJ (1851): Precipitation measurements in Bogota, Colombia from January- December 1807, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871553
  75. Cornette, P (1853): Precipitation and temperature measurements and weather observations in Bogotá, Colombia from May 1848- May 1850, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872049
  76. Torices, MR (1849): Precipitation measurements in Cartagena, Colombia from August- December 1808, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871554
  77. Anonymous (1851): Precipitation measurements in Marmato, Colombia from October- December 1827, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871908
  78. Anonymous (1851): Precipitation measurements in Marmato, Colombia from January 1853- December 1854, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871555
  79. Arboleda, A; Valencia, SP (1851): Precipitation measurements in Popayan, Colombia from August- December 1808, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871556
  80. Statistical Office of Costa Rica (1889): Precipitation measurements in San Jose, Costa Rica from 1866- 1880, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871557
  81. Oliver, DJJ (1863): Precipitation measurements in Alquizar, Cuba in 1821 and from January- May 1824, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871558
  82. de Arrambarri, M (1863): Precipitation measurements in Havana, Cuba in 1821 and from March 1811- December 1815, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871559
  83. Anonymous (1856): Precipitation measurements in Havana, Cuba from January 1854- December 1856, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871560
  84. Anonymous (1900): Precipitation measurements in Guatemala city, Guatemala from 1856-1864 and from 1880-1882, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871561
  85. Anonymous (1900): Precipitation measurements in Rivas, Nicaragua from 1880-1894, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871694
  86. Anonymous (1900): Precipitation measurements in Colon, Panama from 1865-1886 (gap 1867, 1875-1881), digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871695
  87. Anonymous (1900): Precipitation measurements in Gamboa, Panama in 1882, 1884, 1885 and 1886, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871696
  88. Anonymous (1900): Precipitation measurements in Naos, Panama from 1882-1886, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871697
  89. Anonymous (1900): Precipitation measurements in Panama city, Panama from 1879-1882, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871698
  90. Anonymous (1900): Precipitation measurements in Taboga Island, Panama from 1861-1864, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871699
  91. Anonymous (1900): Precipitation measurements in San Salvador, Salvador in 1889, 1891 and 1892, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871700
  92. Muñoz, B (1823): Temperature measurements and weather observations in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 1817- 1821, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872013
  93. Fitz-Simon, S; Fitz-Simon, E (1889): Temperature, precipitation and atmospheric pressure measurements in Corrientes, Argentina from April 1873- December 1888, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871790
  94. Carton, L (1889): Temperature measurements in Goya, Argentina from winter 1876- spring 1887, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871791
  95. Berwyn, RJ (1889): Temperature measurements in Rawson, Argentina from January 1881- December 1887, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871794
  96. Pereyra, L (1889): Temperature measurements in San Juan (Buenos Aires province), Argentina from January 1867- December 1887 (with gaps), digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871796
  97. Lezama, V (1889): Temperature measurements in Tucuman, Argentina from May 1855- March 1864, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871800
  98. Rodrigues, JJ (1846): Temperature measurements in Bahia, Brazil from January- July 1846, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872016
  99. Anonymous (1859): Temperature measurements in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from January 1851- December 1856, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871906
  100. Anonymous (1864): Temperature measurements in Coquimbo, Chile from December 1852- November 1854, digitized version. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.871832

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