A influência das variações nictemeral e sazonal sobre as curvas de luz-fotossíntese

Teixeira, Clóvis

doi:10.1590/S0373-55241982000100005

Resumo

A series of experiments with natural phytoplccnkton populations was made to study the photosynthetic Pmax and a indices, under different phases of the diel cycles. By "in situ" and simulated experiments the exogenous and endogenous influences on the photosynthesis and total chlorophyll-a were studied. The results obtained indicate the diel variation can introduce a great deal of error in the determination of the primary production. The use of constant values for a and Pmax in the equation for the determination of primary production without carrying for the aspect above as well as for the seasonal variation may give results for the diurnal values, with a very lend accuracy and without ecological significance. It was also observed that the measurements of chlorophyll-a varied within the relatively short period of time, required to perform a determination of photosynthesis. It is suggested that the Pmax, a and Ik values used in primary productivity methodology should be revised, as the indices considered are based in chlorophyll concentration.

ARTIGOS

A influência das variações nictemeral e sazonal sobre as curvas de luz-fotossíntese

The influence of nictemeral and seasonal variations on light-photosynthesis phases

Clóvis Teixeira

Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo

SYNOPSIS

A series of experiments with natural phytoplccnkton populations was made to study the photosynthetic Pmax and a indices, under different phases of the diel cycles. By "in situ" and simulated experiments the exogenous and endogenous influences on the photosynthesis and total chlorophyll-a were studied. The results obtained indicate the diel variation can introduce a great deal of error in the determination of the primary production. The use of constant values for a and Pmax in the equation for the determination of primary production without carrying for the aspect above as well as for the seasonal variation may give results for the diurnal values, with a very lend accuracy and without ecological significance. It was also observed that the measurements of chlorophyll-a varied within the relatively short period of time, required to perform a determination of photosynthesis. It is suggested that the Pmax, a and I_k values used in primary productivity methodology should be revised, as the indices considered are based in chlorophyll concentration.

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Agradecimentos

À FINEP (Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos) e à O.E.A., pelo apoio financeiro à pesquisa. Ao CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), pela Bolsa de Pesquisador.

(Manuscrito recebido em 29/set./1981; aceito em 6/abr./1982)

AIDAR-ARAGÃO, E.; TEIXEIRA, C. & VIEIRA, A. A. H. 1980. Produção primária e concentração de clorofila-a na costa brasileira (Lat. 22ş31'S; Long. 47ş57'W). Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 29(2) (no prelo).
BANNISTER, T. T. 1974. Production equations in terms of chlorophyll concentration, quantum yield, and upper limit to production. Limnol. Oceanogr., 19:1-12.
BRAY, G. A. 1960. A simple efficient liquid scintillator for counting aqueous solutions in liquid scintillation. Anal. Biochem., 1:279-285.
CURL Jr., H. & SMALL, L. F. 1965. Variations in photosynthetic assimilation ratios in natural, marine phytoplankton communities. Limnol. Oceanogr., 10(suppl.): 67-73.
DOTY, M. S. & OGURI, M. 1957. Evidence for a photosynthetic daily periodicity. Limnol. Oceanogr., 2:37-40.
DUNSTAN, W. M. 1973. A comparison of the photosynthesis-light intensity relationship in phylogenetically different marine microalgae. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol., 13:181-187.
EPPLEY, R. W. 1972. Temperature and phytoplankton growth in the sea. Fishery Bull. Fish Wildl. Serv. U.S., 70:1063-1085.
GARGAS, E.; HARES, I.; MARTENS, P. & EDLER, L. 1979. Diel changes in phytoplankton photosynthetic efficiency in brackish waters. Mar. Biol., 52:113-122.
GIESKES, W. W. C.; KRAAY, G. W. & BAARS, M. A. 1979. Current ¹⁴C methods for measuring primary production: gross underestimates in oceanic waters. Neth. J. Sea Res., 13(1):58-78.
GLOOSCHENKO, W. A. & CURL Jr., H. 1971. Influence of nutrient enrichment of photosynthesis and assimilation ratios in natural North Pacific phytoplankton communities. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can., 28:790-793.
HARDING Jr., L. W.; MEESON, B. W.; PRÉZELIN, B. B. & SWEENEY, B. M. 1981. Diel periodicity of photosynthesis in marine phytoplankton. Mar. Biol., 61:95-105.
HASTINGS, J. W. & SWEENEY, B. M. 1958. A persistent diurnal rhythm of luminescence in Gonyulax polyedra Biol. Bull. mar. biol. Lab., Woods Hole, 115:440-458.
HAXO, F. T. & SWEENEY, B. M. 1955. Bioluminescence in Gonyulax polyedra In: Johnson, F. H., ed. - The luminescence of biological systems. Washington, D. C., Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., p. 415-420.
ICHIMURA, S. 1968. Phytoplankton photosynthesis. In: Jackson, D. F., ed. - Algal, man and the environment. Syracuse, :103-120.
MacCAULL, W. A. & PLATT, T. 1977. Diel variations in the photosynthetic parameters of coastal marine phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr., 22:723-731.
MAGLIOCCA, A. 1966. Curso prático de oceanografia: métodos e rotina para determinação de clorinidade, oxigênio, fosfatos, nitratos e pH da água do mar. São Paulo, Univ. S Paulo, Inst. Oceanográfico/UNESCO, 35p. (mimeogr.
MALONE, T. C. & NEALE, P. J. 1981. Parameters of light-dependent photosynthesis for phytoplankton size fractions in temperate estuarine and coastal environments. Mar. Biol., 61:289-297.
McMURRAY, L. & HASTINGS, J. W. 1972. No desynchronization among four circadian rhythms in the unicellular alga, Gonyulax polyedra Science, 175:1137-1138.
MULLIN, J. B. & RILEY, J. P. 1955. The spectrophotometric determination of nitrate in natural waters, with particular reference to seawater. Anal. Chim. Acta, 12:464-481.
MURPHY, J. & RILEY, J. P. 1962. A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal. Chim. Acta, 27:31-36.
PARSONS, T. R. & STRICKLAND, J. D. H. 1963. Discussion of spectrophotometric determination of marine plant pigments, with revised equations for ascertaining chlorophylls and carotenoids. J. mar. Res., 21:155-163.
______ ; TAKAHASHI, M. & HARGRAVE, B. 1977. Biological oceanographic processes. Oxford, Pergamon Press , 322p.
PLATT, T. & JASSBY, A. D. 1976. The relationship between photosynthesis and light for natural assemblages of coastal marine phytoplankton. J. Phycol., 12:421-430.
PRÉZELIN, B. B. & LEY, A. C. 1980. Photosynthesis and chlorophyll-a fluorescence rhythms of marine phytoplankton. Mar. Biol., 55:295-307.
RABINOWITCH, E. I. 1951. Photosynthesis and related process. New York, N.Y., Interscience Publ., vol. 2, p. 603-1208.
RILEY, J. P. & CHESTER, R. 1971. Introduction to marine chemistry. London, Academic Press, 465p.
RYTHER, I. H. & YENTSCH, C. S. 1958. The estimation of phytoplankton production in the ocean from chlorophyll and light data. Limnol. Oceanogr., 2:281-286.
SOURNIA, A. 1974. Circadian periodicities in natural populations of marine phytoplankton. Adv. mar. Biol., 12:325-389.
STEEMANN-NIELSEN, E. & JØRGENSEN, E. G. 1968. The adaptation of plankton algae. I. General part. Physiol. Plantarum, 21:401-413.
STRICKLAND, J. D. H. & PARSONS, T. R. 1968. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd Can., (167):1-311.
SWEENEY, B. M. 1960. The photosynthetic rhythm in single cells of Gonyulax polyedra Cold Spring Harbor Symp. quant. Biol., 25:145-148.
______ 1969. Transducing mechanisms between circadian clock and over rhythms in Gonyulax Can. J. Bot., 47:290-308.
TAGUCHI, S. 1976. Short-term variability of photosynthesis in natural marine phytoplankton populations. Mar. Biol., 37:197-207.
TALLING, J. F. 1957. Photosynthetic characteristics of some freshwater diatoms in relation to underwater radiation. New Phytology, 56(1): 29-50.
TEIXEIRA, C. 1969. Estudo sôbre algumas características do fitoplâncton da região de Cananéia e o seu potencial fotossintético. Tese de Doutoramento. Universidade de São Paulo, Fac. Filos., Ciênc. Letras, 82p. (mimeogr.
______ 1973. Preliminary studies of primary production in the Ubatuba region. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 22:49-58.
______ 1980. Estudo quantitativo da produção primária, clorofila-a e parâmetros abióticos em relação à variação temporal (Lat. 23ş30'S -Long. 45ş06'W). Tese de Livre-Docência. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, 243 p. (não publicada) .
TEIXEIRA, C. & TUNDISI, J. G. 1981. The effect of nitrogen and phosphorus enrichments on phytoplankton in the region of Ubatuba (Lat. 23ş30'S - Long. 45ş06'W), Brazil. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 30(1):77-86.
______ & VIEIRA, A. A. H. 1976. Nutrient experiment using Phaeodactylum tricornutum as an assay organism. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 25(1):29-42.
THOMAS, W. A. 1970. On nitrogen deficiency in tropical Pacific oceanic phytoplankton: photosynthetic parameters in poor and rich water. Limnol. Oceanogr., 15:380-385.
TUNDISI, J. G. 1977. Produção primaria, "standing-stock", fracionamento do fitoplâncton e fatores ecológicos em ecossistema lacustre artificial (Represa do Broa, São Carlos). Tese de Livre-Docência. Universidade de São Paulo (Ribeirão Preto), 409p. (mimeogr.
VOLLENWEIDER, R. A. 1969. Primary production in aquatic environments. IBP Handbook Nş 12, Blackwell, Oxford, 213
YAMADA, T.; IKAWA, T. & NISIZAWA, K. 1979. Circadian rhythm of the enzimes participating in the CO₂ - photoassimilation of a brown alga, Spatolossum pacificum Bot. mar., 22:203-209.
YENTSCH, C. S. & LEE, R. W. 1966. A study of photosynthetic light reactions, and a new interpretation of sun and shade phytoplankton. J. mar. Res., 24:319-337.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
04 Jun 2012
Data do Fascículo
1982

Histórico

Aceito
06 Abr 1982
Recebido
29 Set 1981

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] AIDAR-ARAGÃO, E.; TEIXEIRA, C. & VIEIRA, A. A. H. 1980. Produção primária e concentração de clorofila-a na costa brasileira (Lat. 22ş31'S; Long. 47ş57'W). Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 29(2) (no prelo).

[2] BANNISTER, T. T. 1974. Production equations in terms of chlorophyll concentration, quantum yield, and upper limit to production. Limnol. Oceanogr., 19:1-12.

[3] BRAY, G. A. 1960. A simple efficient liquid scintillator for counting aqueous solutions in liquid scintillation. Anal. Biochem., 1:279-285.

[4] CURL Jr., H. & SMALL, L. F. 1965. Variations in photosynthetic assimilation ratios in natural, marine phytoplankton communities. Limnol. Oceanogr., 10(suppl.): 67-73.

[5] DOTY, M. S. & OGURI, M. 1957. Evidence for a photosynthetic daily periodicity. Limnol. Oceanogr., 2:37-40.

[6] DUNSTAN, W. M. 1973. A comparison of the photosynthesis-light intensity relationship in phylogenetically different marine microalgae. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol., 13:181-187.

[7] EPPLEY, R. W. 1972. Temperature and phytoplankton growth in the sea. Fishery Bull. Fish Wildl. Serv. U.S., 70:1063-1085.

[8] GARGAS, E.; HARES, I.; MARTENS, P. & EDLER, L. 1979. Diel changes in phytoplankton photosynthetic efficiency in brackish waters. Mar. Biol., 52:113-122.

[9] GIESKES, W. W. C.; KRAAY, G. W. & BAARS, M. A. 1979. Current ¹⁴C methods for measuring primary production: gross underestimates in oceanic waters. Neth. J. Sea Res., 13(1):58-78.

[10] GLOOSCHENKO, W. A. & CURL Jr., H. 1971. Influence of nutrient enrichment of photosynthesis and assimilation ratios in natural North Pacific phytoplankton communities. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can., 28:790-793.

[11] HARDING Jr., L. W.; MEESON, B. W.; PRÉZELIN, B. B. & SWEENEY, B. M. 1981. Diel periodicity of photosynthesis in marine phytoplankton. Mar. Biol., 61:95-105.

[12] HASTINGS, J. W. & SWEENEY, B. M. 1958. A persistent diurnal rhythm of luminescence in Gonyulax polyedra Biol. Bull. mar. biol. Lab., Woods Hole, 115:440-458.

[13] HAXO, F. T. & SWEENEY, B. M. 1955. Bioluminescence in Gonyulax polyedra In: Johnson, F. H., ed. - The luminescence of biological systems. Washington, D. C., Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., p. 415-420.

[14] ICHIMURA, S. 1968. Phytoplankton photosynthesis. In: Jackson, D. F., ed. - Algal, man and the environment. Syracuse, :103-120.

[15] MacCAULL, W. A. & PLATT, T. 1977. Diel variations in the photosynthetic parameters of coastal marine phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr., 22:723-731.

[16] MAGLIOCCA, A. 1966. Curso prático de oceanografia: métodos e rotina para determinação de clorinidade, oxigênio, fosfatos, nitratos e pH da água do mar. São Paulo, Univ. S Paulo, Inst. Oceanográfico/UNESCO, 35p. (mimeogr.

[17] MALONE, T. C. & NEALE, P. J. 1981. Parameters of light-dependent photosynthesis for phytoplankton size fractions in temperate estuarine and coastal environments. Mar. Biol., 61:289-297.

[18] McMURRAY, L. & HASTINGS, J. W. 1972. No desynchronization among four circadian rhythms in the unicellular alga, Gonyulax polyedra Science, 175:1137-1138.

[19] MULLIN, J. B. & RILEY, J. P. 1955. The spectrophotometric determination of nitrate in natural waters, with particular reference to seawater. Anal. Chim. Acta, 12:464-481.

[20] MURPHY, J. & RILEY, J. P. 1962. A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal. Chim. Acta, 27:31-36.

[21] PARSONS, T. R. & STRICKLAND, J. D. H. 1963. Discussion of spectrophotometric determination of marine plant pigments, with revised equations for ascertaining chlorophylls and carotenoids. J. mar. Res., 21:155-163.

[22] ______ ; TAKAHASHI, M. & HARGRAVE, B. 1977. Biological oceanographic processes. Oxford, Pergamon Press , 322p.

[23] PLATT, T. & JASSBY, A. D. 1976. The relationship between photosynthesis and light for natural assemblages of coastal marine phytoplankton. J. Phycol., 12:421-430.

[24] PRÉZELIN, B. B. & LEY, A. C. 1980. Photosynthesis and chlorophyll-a fluorescence rhythms of marine phytoplankton. Mar. Biol., 55:295-307.

[25] RABINOWITCH, E. I. 1951. Photosynthesis and related process. New York, N.Y., Interscience Publ., vol. 2, p. 603-1208.

[26] RILEY, J. P. & CHESTER, R. 1971. Introduction to marine chemistry. London, Academic Press, 465p.

[27] RYTHER, I. H. & YENTSCH, C. S. 1958. The estimation of phytoplankton production in the ocean from chlorophyll and light data. Limnol. Oceanogr., 2:281-286.

[28] SOURNIA, A. 1974. Circadian periodicities in natural populations of marine phytoplankton. Adv. mar. Biol., 12:325-389.

[29] STEEMANN-NIELSEN, E. & JØRGENSEN, E. G. 1968. The adaptation of plankton algae. I. General part. Physiol. Plantarum, 21:401-413.

[30] STRICKLAND, J. D. H. & PARSONS, T. R. 1968. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd Can., (167):1-311.

[31] SWEENEY, B. M. 1960. The photosynthetic rhythm in single cells of Gonyulax polyedra Cold Spring Harbor Symp. quant. Biol., 25:145-148.

[32] ______ 1969. Transducing mechanisms between circadian clock and over rhythms in Gonyulax Can. J. Bot., 47:290-308.

[33] TAGUCHI, S. 1976. Short-term variability of photosynthesis in natural marine phytoplankton populations. Mar. Biol., 37:197-207.

[34] TALLING, J. F. 1957. Photosynthetic characteristics of some freshwater diatoms in relation to underwater radiation. New Phytology, 56(1): 29-50.

[35] TEIXEIRA, C. 1969. Estudo sôbre algumas características do fitoplâncton da região de Cananéia e o seu potencial fotossintético. Tese de Doutoramento. Universidade de São Paulo, Fac. Filos., Ciênc. Letras, 82p. (mimeogr.

[36] ______ 1973. Preliminary studies of primary production in the Ubatuba region. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 22:49-58.

[37] ______ 1980. Estudo quantitativo da produção primária, clorofila-a e parâmetros abióticos em relação à variação temporal (Lat. 23ş30'S -Long. 45ş06'W). Tese de Livre-Docência. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, 243 p. (não publicada) .

[38] TEIXEIRA, C. & TUNDISI, J. G. 1981. The effect of nitrogen and phosphorus enrichments on phytoplankton in the region of Ubatuba (Lat. 23ş30'S - Long. 45ş06'W), Brazil. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 30(1):77-86.

[39] ______ & VIEIRA, A. A. H. 1976. Nutrient experiment using Phaeodactylum tricornutum as an assay organism. Bolm Inst. oceanogr., S Paulo, 25(1):29-42.

[40] THOMAS, W. A. 1970. On nitrogen deficiency in tropical Pacific oceanic phytoplankton: photosynthetic parameters in poor and rich water. Limnol. Oceanogr., 15:380-385.

[41] TUNDISI, J. G. 1977. Produção primaria, "standing-stock", fracionamento do fitoplâncton e fatores ecológicos em ecossistema lacustre artificial (Represa do Broa, São Carlos). Tese de Livre-Docência. Universidade de São Paulo (Ribeirão Preto), 409p. (mimeogr.

[42] VOLLENWEIDER, R. A. 1969. Primary production in aquatic environments. IBP Handbook Nş 12, Blackwell, Oxford, 213

[43] YAMADA, T.; IKAWA, T. & NISIZAWA, K. 1979. Circadian rhythm of the enzimes participating in the CO₂ - photoassimilation of a brown alga, Spatolossum pacificum Bot. mar., 22:203-209.

[44] YENTSCH, C. S. & LEE, R. W. 1966. A study of photosynthetic light reactions, and a new interpretation of sun and shade phytoplankton. J. mar. Res., 24:319-337.

Brasil

Brasil

A influência das variações nictemeral e sazonal sobre as curvas de luz-fotossíntese

The influence of nictemeral and seasonal variations on light-photosynthesis phases

Resumo

Datas de Publicação

Histórico