Interaction-focused intervention
A conversation analytic approach to aphasia therapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.v1i1.45Keywords:
aphasia, conversation analysis, intervention, interactionAbstract
In recent years within the field of communication disorders there has been an increased focus on conversation as a site for assessment and intervention. In particular, much of this work has drawn on the socio-linguistic approach of Conversation Analysis (CA). In this paper the contribution of CA to aphasia, and in particular intervention for aphasia, is discussed. It is suggested that CA constitutes a distinctive, interaction-focused approach to intervention which differs from, but complements, impairment-focused, communication-focused and participation-focused approaches. Distinctive features of this approach in relation to planning, implementing and evaluating intervention are discussed, and some future directions are discussed.
References
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Armstrong, L. and McGrane, H. (2003). A bright SPPARC. Speech and Language Therapy in Practice (Autumn): 8–10.
Auer, P. and Rönfeldt, B. (2004). Prolixity as adaptation: Prosody and turn-taking in German conversation with a fluent aphasic. In E. Couper-Kuhlen and C. E. Ford (eds) Sound Patterns in Interaction: Cross-linguistic Studies from Conversation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Barber, K. (2007). Group Communication. Bulletin of the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists, April, 16–17.
Bauer, A. and Kulke, F. (2004). Language exercises for dinner: aspects of aphasia management in family settings. Aphasiology 18 (12): 1135–1160. doi:10.1080/02687030444000570
Beeke, S., Wilkinson, R. and Maxim, J. (2003). Exploring aphasic grammar 2: Do language testing and conversation tell a similar story? Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics 17 (2): 109–134. doi:10.1080/0269920031000061786
Blomert, L., Kean, M., Koster, C. and Schokker, J. (1994). Amsterdam-Nijmegen Everyday Language Test: Construction, reliability and validity. Aphasiology 8 (4): 381–407. doi: 10.1080/02687039408248666
Booth, S. and Perkins, L. (1999). The use of conversation analysis to guide individualised advice to carers and evaluate change in aphasia: a case study. Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 283–304. doi:10.1080/026870399402109
Booth, S. and Swabey, D. (1999). Group training in communication skills for carers of adults with aphasia. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders 34 (3): 291–310. doi:10.1080/136828299247423
Burch, K., Wilkinson, R. and Lock, S. (2002). A single case study of conversation-focused therapy for a couple where one partner has aphasia. British Aphasiology Society Therapy Symposium Conference Proceediings. British Aphasiology Society.
Button, G. and Casey, N. (1984) Generating topic: The use of topic initial elicitors. In J. M. Atkinson and J. Heritage (eds) Structures of Social Action: Studies in Conversation Analysis. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Couper-Kuhlen, E. and Selting, M. (eds) (2001) Studies in Interactional Linguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Damico, J. S., Ball, M. J., Simmons-Mackie, N. N. and Müller, N. (2007). Interactional aphasia: Principles and practices oriented to social intervention. In M. J. Ball and J. S. Damico (eds) Clinical Aphasiology. Hove: Psychology Press.
Drew, P. and Heritage, J. (eds) (1992). Talk at Work: Interaction in Institutional Settings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goodglass, H., Kaplan, E. and Barresi, B. (2001). The Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) (3rd edn). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott.
Goodwin, C. (1995). Co-constructing meaning in conversations with an aphasic man. Research on Language and Social Interaction 28 (3): 233–260. doi:10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4
Goodwin, C. (1981). Conversational Organization: Interaction Between Speakers and Hearers. New York: Academic Press.
Goodwin, C. (ed) (2003). Conversation and Brain Damage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Heeschen, C. and Schegloff, E. A. (1999). Agrammatism, adaptation theory, conversation analysis: on the role of so-called telegraphic style in talk-in-interaction. Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 365–406. doi:10.1080/026870399402145
Heritage, J. (1984). Garfinkel and Ethnomethodology. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Heritage, J. (1999). Conversation Analysis at century’s end: practices of talk-in-interaction, their distributions and their outcomes. Research on Language and Social Interaction 32 (1 & 2): 69–76. doi:10.1207/S15327973RLSI321&2_9
Heritage, J. (2008). Conversation analysis as social theory. In B. Turner (ed.) The New Blackwell Companion to Social Theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
Heritage, J., Robinson, J. D., Elliot, M. N., Becket, M. and Wilkes, M. (2007). Reducing patients’ unmet concerns in primary care: the difference one word can make. Journal of General Internal Medicine 22 (10): 1429–1433. doi:10.1007/s11606-007-0279-0
Heritage, J. and Roth, A. L. (1995). Grammar and institution: Questions and questioning in the broadcast news interview. Research on Language and Social Interaction 28 (1): 1–60. doi:10.1207/s15327973rlsi2801_1
Hickin, J., Herbert, R., Best, W., Howard, D. and Osborne, F. (2006). Lexical and functionally based treatment: Effects on word retrieval and conversation. In S. Byng, K. Swinburn, K. and C. Pound (eds) The Aphasia Therapy File (Vol. 2). Hove: Psychology Press.
Holland, A. (1991). Pragmatic aspects of intervention in aphasia. Journal of Neurolinguistics 197–211. doi:10.1016/0911-6044(91)90007-6
Holland, A. (1997). Pragmatic assessment and treatment for aphasia. In G. L. Wallace (ed.) Adult Aphasia Rehabilitation. Boston, MA, Butterworth-Heinemann.
Hopper, T., Holland, A. and Rewega, M. (2002). Conversational coaching: Treatment outcomes and future directions. Aphasiology 16 (7): 745–761. doi:10.1080/02687030244000059
Hutchby, I. and Wooffitt, R. (2008). Conversation Analysis: Principles, Practices and Applications. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Kagan, A. (1995). Revealing the competence of aphasic adults through conversation: A challenge to health professionals. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 2: 15–28.
Kagan, A., Black, S. E., Duchan, J. F., Simmons-Mackie, N. and Square, P. (2001). Training volunteers as conversation partners using ‘Supported Conversation for Adults with Aphasia’ (SCA): A controlled trial. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research 44 (3): 624–638. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051)
Kagan, A. and Gailey, G. F. (1993). Functional is not enough: Training conversation partners for aphasic adults. In Holland, A. and Forbes, M. (eds) Aphasia Treatment: World Perspectives. London: Chapman Hall.
Kay, J., Lesser, R. and Coltheart, M. (1992). Psycholinguistic Assessments of Language Processing in Aphasia (PALPA). Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Laakso, M. and Klippi, A. (1999). A closer look at the ‘hint and guess’ sequences in aphasic conversation. Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 345–364. doi:10.1080/026870399402136
Lesser, R. and Algar, L. (1995). Towards combining the cognitive neuropsychological and the pragmatic in aphasia therapy. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation 5 (1): 567–596. doi: 10.1080/09602019508520176
Lindsay, J. and Wilkinson, R. (1999). Repair sequences in aphasic talk: a comparison of aphasic-speech and language therapist and aphasic-spouse conversations. Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 305–325. doi:10.1080/026870399402118
Lock, S., Wilkinson, R. and Bryan, K. (2001). Supporting Partners of People with Aphasia in Relationships and Conversation (SPPARC): A Resource Pack, Bicester, Speechmark.
Marlaire, C. and Maynard, D. W. (1990). Standardized testing as an interactional phenomenon. Sociology of Education 63: 83–101. doi:10.2307/2112856
Niewenhuis, R. (2005) SPPARC in action. Bulletin of the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists, 5 May.
Oelschlager, M. and Damico, J. (2003). Word searches in aphasia: a study of the collaborative responses of communicative partners. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage. New York: Oxford University Press.
Raymond, G. (2003). Grammar and social organization: Yes/no interrogatives and the structure of responding. American Sociological Review 68: 939–967. doi:10.2307/1519752
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A. and Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking in conversation. Language 50 (4): 696–735. doi:10.2307/412243
Saffran, E., Berndt, R. S. and Schwartz, M. (1989). The quantitative analysis of agrammatic production: procedure and data. Brain and Language 37 (3): 440–479. doi:10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8
Schegloff, E. A. (1982). Discourse as an interactional achievement: some uses of ‘uh huh’ and other things that come between sentences. In D. Tannen (ed.) Georgetown University Roundtable on Languages and Linguistics. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
Schegloff, E. A. (1993). Reflections on quantification in the study of conversation. Research on Language and Social Interaction 26 (1): 99–128. doi:10.1207/s15327973rlsi2601_5
Schegloff, E. A. (1996). Turn organization: One intersection of grammar and interaction. In E. Ochs, E. A. Schegloff and S. A. Thompson (eds) Interaction and Grammar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511620874.002
Schegloff, E. A. (2000) When ‘others’ initiate repair. Applied Linguistics 21 (1): 205–243. doi:10.1093/applin/21.2.205
Schegloff, E. A. (2007). Sequence Organization in Interaction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511791208
Schegloff, E. A., Jefferson, G. and Sacks, H. (1977). The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair for conversation. Language 53 (2): 361–382. doi:10.2307/413107
Simmons-Mackie, N. and Damico, J. (1997). Reformulating the definition of compensatory strategy in aphasia. Aphasiology 11 (8): 761–781. doi:10.1080/02687039708250455
Simmons-Mackie, N., Damico, J. S. and Damico, H. L. (1999). A qualitative study of feedback in aphasia treatment. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 8: 218–230.
Simmons-Mackie, N., Kearns, K. and Potechin, G. (2005 [1987]). Treatment of aphasia through family member training. Aphasiology 19 (6): 583–593. doi:10.1080/02687030444000408
Swinburn, K., Porter, G. and Howard, D. (2004). Comprehensive Aphasia Test. Hove: Psychology Press.
Te Molder, H. and Potter, J. (2005). Conversation and Cognition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511489990
Ten Have, P. (2007). Doing Conversation Analysis. London: Sage.
Turner, S. and Whitworth, A. (2006a). Clinicians’ perceptions of candidacy for conversation partner training in aphasia: How do we select candidates for therapy and do we get it right? Aphasiology 20 (7): 616–643. doi:10.1080/02687030600687860
Turner, S. and Whitworth, A. (2006b). Conversational partner training programmes in aphasia: A review of key themes and participants’ roles. Aphasiology 20 (6): 483–510. doi:10.1080/02687030600589991
Whitworth, A., Perkins, L. and Lesser, R. (1997). Conversation Analysis Profile for People with Aphasia (CAPPA). London: Whurr.
Wilkinson, R. (1995). Aphasia: conversation analysis of a non-fluent aphasic person. In M. Perkins and S. Howard (eds) Case Studies In Clinical Linguistics. London: Whurr.
Wilkinson, R. (1999). Introduction (to Special issue on Conversation Analysis). Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 251–258. doi:10.1080/026870399402082
Wilkinson, R. (2007). Managing linguistic incompetence as a delicate issue in aphasic talkin-interaction: On the use of laughter in prolonged repair sequences. Journal of Pragmatics 39 (3): 542–569. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2006.07.010
Wilkinson, R. (2008). Conversation analysis and communication disorders. In M. Ball, M. Perkins, N. Muller and S. Howard (eds) The Handbook of Clinical Linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell. doi:10.1002/9781444301007.ch6
Wilkinson, R., Beeke, S. and Maxim, J. (2003). Adapting to conversation: On the use of linguistic resources by speakers with fluent aphasia in the construction of turns at talk. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage. New York: Oxford University Press.
Wilkinson, R., Bryan, K., Lock, S., Bayley, K., Maxim, J., Bruce, C., Edmundson, A. and Moir, D. (1998). Therapy using conversation analysis: helping couples adapt to aphasia in conversation. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders 33 (Supplement): 144–149. doi:10.3109/13682829809179412
Wilkinson, R., Bryan, K., Lock, S. and Sage, K. (2010). Implementing and evaluating aphasia therapy targeted at couples’ conversations: A single case study. Aphasiology 24 (6): 869–886.
Armstrong, L. and McGrane, H. (2003). A bright SPPARC. Speech and Language Therapy in Practice (Autumn): 8–10.
Auer, P. and Rönfeldt, B. (2004). Prolixity as adaptation: Prosody and turn-taking in German conversation with a fluent aphasic. In E. Couper-Kuhlen and C. E. Ford (eds) Sound Patterns in Interaction: Cross-linguistic Studies from Conversation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Barber, K. (2007). Group Communication. Bulletin of the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists, April, 16–17.
Bauer, A. and Kulke, F. (2004). Language exercises for dinner: aspects of aphasia management in family settings. Aphasiology 18 (12): 1135–1160. doi:10.1080/02687030444000570
Beeke, S., Wilkinson, R. and Maxim, J. (2003). Exploring aphasic grammar 2: Do language testing and conversation tell a similar story? Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics 17 (2): 109–134. doi:10.1080/0269920031000061786
Blomert, L., Kean, M., Koster, C. and Schokker, J. (1994). Amsterdam-Nijmegen Everyday Language Test: Construction, reliability and validity. Aphasiology 8 (4): 381–407. doi: 10.1080/02687039408248666
Booth, S. and Perkins, L. (1999). The use of conversation analysis to guide individualised advice to carers and evaluate change in aphasia: a case study. Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 283–304. doi:10.1080/026870399402109
Booth, S. and Swabey, D. (1999). Group training in communication skills for carers of adults with aphasia. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders 34 (3): 291–310. doi:10.1080/136828299247423
Burch, K., Wilkinson, R. and Lock, S. (2002). A single case study of conversation-focused therapy for a couple where one partner has aphasia. British Aphasiology Society Therapy Symposium Conference Proceediings. British Aphasiology Society.
Button, G. and Casey, N. (1984) Generating topic: The use of topic initial elicitors. In J. M. Atkinson and J. Heritage (eds) Structures of Social Action: Studies in Conversation Analysis. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Couper-Kuhlen, E. and Selting, M. (eds) (2001) Studies in Interactional Linguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Damico, J. S., Ball, M. J., Simmons-Mackie, N. N. and Müller, N. (2007). Interactional aphasia: Principles and practices oriented to social intervention. In M. J. Ball and J. S. Damico (eds) Clinical Aphasiology. Hove: Psychology Press.
Drew, P. and Heritage, J. (eds) (1992). Talk at Work: Interaction in Institutional Settings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goodglass, H., Kaplan, E. and Barresi, B. (2001). The Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) (3rd edn). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott.
Goodwin, C. (1995). Co-constructing meaning in conversations with an aphasic man. Research on Language and Social Interaction 28 (3): 233–260. doi:10.1207/s15327973rlsi2803_4
Goodwin, C. (1981). Conversational Organization: Interaction Between Speakers and Hearers. New York: Academic Press.
Goodwin, C. (ed) (2003). Conversation and Brain Damage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Heeschen, C. and Schegloff, E. A. (1999). Agrammatism, adaptation theory, conversation analysis: on the role of so-called telegraphic style in talk-in-interaction. Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 365–406. doi:10.1080/026870399402145
Heritage, J. (1984). Garfinkel and Ethnomethodology. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Heritage, J. (1999). Conversation Analysis at century’s end: practices of talk-in-interaction, their distributions and their outcomes. Research on Language and Social Interaction 32 (1 & 2): 69–76. doi:10.1207/S15327973RLSI321&2_9
Heritage, J. (2008). Conversation analysis as social theory. In B. Turner (ed.) The New Blackwell Companion to Social Theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
Heritage, J., Robinson, J. D., Elliot, M. N., Becket, M. and Wilkes, M. (2007). Reducing patients’ unmet concerns in primary care: the difference one word can make. Journal of General Internal Medicine 22 (10): 1429–1433. doi:10.1007/s11606-007-0279-0
Heritage, J. and Roth, A. L. (1995). Grammar and institution: Questions and questioning in the broadcast news interview. Research on Language and Social Interaction 28 (1): 1–60. doi:10.1207/s15327973rlsi2801_1
Hickin, J., Herbert, R., Best, W., Howard, D. and Osborne, F. (2006). Lexical and functionally based treatment: Effects on word retrieval and conversation. In S. Byng, K. Swinburn, K. and C. Pound (eds) The Aphasia Therapy File (Vol. 2). Hove: Psychology Press.
Holland, A. (1991). Pragmatic aspects of intervention in aphasia. Journal of Neurolinguistics 197–211. doi:10.1016/0911-6044(91)90007-6
Holland, A. (1997). Pragmatic assessment and treatment for aphasia. In G. L. Wallace (ed.) Adult Aphasia Rehabilitation. Boston, MA, Butterworth-Heinemann.
Hopper, T., Holland, A. and Rewega, M. (2002). Conversational coaching: Treatment outcomes and future directions. Aphasiology 16 (7): 745–761. doi:10.1080/02687030244000059
Hutchby, I. and Wooffitt, R. (2008). Conversation Analysis: Principles, Practices and Applications. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Kagan, A. (1995). Revealing the competence of aphasic adults through conversation: A challenge to health professionals. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 2: 15–28.
Kagan, A., Black, S. E., Duchan, J. F., Simmons-Mackie, N. and Square, P. (2001). Training volunteers as conversation partners using ‘Supported Conversation for Adults with Aphasia’ (SCA): A controlled trial. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research 44 (3): 624–638. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2001/051)
Kagan, A. and Gailey, G. F. (1993). Functional is not enough: Training conversation partners for aphasic adults. In Holland, A. and Forbes, M. (eds) Aphasia Treatment: World Perspectives. London: Chapman Hall.
Kay, J., Lesser, R. and Coltheart, M. (1992). Psycholinguistic Assessments of Language Processing in Aphasia (PALPA). Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Laakso, M. and Klippi, A. (1999). A closer look at the ‘hint and guess’ sequences in aphasic conversation. Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 345–364. doi:10.1080/026870399402136
Lesser, R. and Algar, L. (1995). Towards combining the cognitive neuropsychological and the pragmatic in aphasia therapy. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation 5 (1): 567–596. doi: 10.1080/09602019508520176
Lindsay, J. and Wilkinson, R. (1999). Repair sequences in aphasic talk: a comparison of aphasic-speech and language therapist and aphasic-spouse conversations. Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 305–325. doi:10.1080/026870399402118
Lock, S., Wilkinson, R. and Bryan, K. (2001). Supporting Partners of People with Aphasia in Relationships and Conversation (SPPARC): A Resource Pack, Bicester, Speechmark.
Marlaire, C. and Maynard, D. W. (1990). Standardized testing as an interactional phenomenon. Sociology of Education 63: 83–101. doi:10.2307/2112856
Niewenhuis, R. (2005) SPPARC in action. Bulletin of the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists, 5 May.
Oelschlager, M. and Damico, J. (2003). Word searches in aphasia: a study of the collaborative responses of communicative partners. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage. New York: Oxford University Press.
Raymond, G. (2003). Grammar and social organization: Yes/no interrogatives and the structure of responding. American Sociological Review 68: 939–967. doi:10.2307/1519752
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A. and Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking in conversation. Language 50 (4): 696–735. doi:10.2307/412243
Saffran, E., Berndt, R. S. and Schwartz, M. (1989). The quantitative analysis of agrammatic production: procedure and data. Brain and Language 37 (3): 440–479. doi:10.1016/0093-934X(89)90030-8
Schegloff, E. A. (1982). Discourse as an interactional achievement: some uses of ‘uh huh’ and other things that come between sentences. In D. Tannen (ed.) Georgetown University Roundtable on Languages and Linguistics. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
Schegloff, E. A. (1993). Reflections on quantification in the study of conversation. Research on Language and Social Interaction 26 (1): 99–128. doi:10.1207/s15327973rlsi2601_5
Schegloff, E. A. (1996). Turn organization: One intersection of grammar and interaction. In E. Ochs, E. A. Schegloff and S. A. Thompson (eds) Interaction and Grammar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511620874.002
Schegloff, E. A. (2000) When ‘others’ initiate repair. Applied Linguistics 21 (1): 205–243. doi:10.1093/applin/21.2.205
Schegloff, E. A. (2007). Sequence Organization in Interaction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511791208
Schegloff, E. A., Jefferson, G. and Sacks, H. (1977). The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair for conversation. Language 53 (2): 361–382. doi:10.2307/413107
Simmons-Mackie, N. and Damico, J. (1997). Reformulating the definition of compensatory strategy in aphasia. Aphasiology 11 (8): 761–781. doi:10.1080/02687039708250455
Simmons-Mackie, N., Damico, J. S. and Damico, H. L. (1999). A qualitative study of feedback in aphasia treatment. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 8: 218–230.
Simmons-Mackie, N., Kearns, K. and Potechin, G. (2005 [1987]). Treatment of aphasia through family member training. Aphasiology 19 (6): 583–593. doi:10.1080/02687030444000408
Swinburn, K., Porter, G. and Howard, D. (2004). Comprehensive Aphasia Test. Hove: Psychology Press.
Te Molder, H. and Potter, J. (2005). Conversation and Cognition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511489990
Ten Have, P. (2007). Doing Conversation Analysis. London: Sage.
Turner, S. and Whitworth, A. (2006a). Clinicians’ perceptions of candidacy for conversation partner training in aphasia: How do we select candidates for therapy and do we get it right? Aphasiology 20 (7): 616–643. doi:10.1080/02687030600687860
Turner, S. and Whitworth, A. (2006b). Conversational partner training programmes in aphasia: A review of key themes and participants’ roles. Aphasiology 20 (6): 483–510. doi:10.1080/02687030600589991
Whitworth, A., Perkins, L. and Lesser, R. (1997). Conversation Analysis Profile for People with Aphasia (CAPPA). London: Whurr.
Wilkinson, R. (1995). Aphasia: conversation analysis of a non-fluent aphasic person. In M. Perkins and S. Howard (eds) Case Studies In Clinical Linguistics. London: Whurr.
Wilkinson, R. (1999). Introduction (to Special issue on Conversation Analysis). Aphasiology 13 (4 & 5): 251–258. doi:10.1080/026870399402082
Wilkinson, R. (2007). Managing linguistic incompetence as a delicate issue in aphasic talkin-interaction: On the use of laughter in prolonged repair sequences. Journal of Pragmatics 39 (3): 542–569. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2006.07.010
Wilkinson, R. (2008). Conversation analysis and communication disorders. In M. Ball, M. Perkins, N. Muller and S. Howard (eds) The Handbook of Clinical Linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell. doi:10.1002/9781444301007.ch6
Wilkinson, R., Beeke, S. and Maxim, J. (2003). Adapting to conversation: On the use of linguistic resources by speakers with fluent aphasia in the construction of turns at talk. In C. Goodwin (ed.) Conversation and Brain Damage. New York: Oxford University Press.
Wilkinson, R., Bryan, K., Lock, S., Bayley, K., Maxim, J., Bruce, C., Edmundson, A. and Moir, D. (1998). Therapy using conversation analysis: helping couples adapt to aphasia in conversation. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders 33 (Supplement): 144–149. doi:10.3109/13682829809179412
Wilkinson, R., Bryan, K., Lock, S. and Sage, K. (2010). Implementing and evaluating aphasia therapy targeted at couples’ conversations: A single case study. Aphasiology 24 (6): 869–886.
Published
2010-09-28
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Section
Articles
How to Cite
Wilkinson, R. (2010). Interaction-focused intervention: A conversation analytic approach to aphasia therapy. Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders, 1(1), 45-68. https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.v1i1.45
