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Three-dimensional molecular and nanoparticle crystallization by DNA nanotechnology

  • DNA Nanotechnology: A Foundation for Programmable Nanoscale Materials
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Abstract

Structural DNA nanotechnology has been particularly driven toward three-dimensional (3D) construction since its inception at the start of the 1980s. Part of the driving force was the goal of building specific crystals from macromolecular components, without having to use trial and error for determining appropriate crystallization conditions. With the first demonstration of DNA attachment to gold nanoparticles in the 1990s, DNA became a player in inorganic nanomaterials as a programmable agent for structure assembly. For pure DNA structures, the crystallization goal has been mediated by sticky-ended cohesion with some success, although trial and error crystallizations have produced better diffracting crystals than those directed self-assembly. For nanoparticles, different types of 3D nanoscale crystalline organizations have been realized. Recent efforts not only expand the diversity of particle lattices, but also strive to achieve designed lattice symmetries and their transformations. In this article, we review the development of 3D assembly of DNA and DNA-guided nanoparticle arrays, the issues that have prevented and facilitated formation of such structures, and recent strategies toward this goal.

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Acknowledgements

N.S. has been supported by the following grants: GM-29554 from NIGMS, Grants EFRI-1332411, and CCF-1526650 from the NSF, Multidisciplinary University Research Initiatives (MURI) W911NF-11–1-0024 from the Army Research Office, MURI N000140911118 from the Office of Naval Research, DE-SC0007991 from the US Department of Energy (DOE) for DNA synthesis and partial salary support, and Grant GBMF3849 from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. O.G. has been supported by the US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Grant DE-SC0008772. The research was conducted at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, which is a US DOE Office of Science Facility, operated at Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-SC0012704.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. New York University, USA

    Nadrian C. Seeman

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, and Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, USA

    Oleg Gang

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Correspondence to Nadrian C. Seeman.

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Seeman, N.C., Gang, O. Three-dimensional molecular and nanoparticle crystallization by DNA nanotechnology. MRS Bulletin 42, 904–912 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2017.280

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