Analysis of Hydrological Data of Talaji Tributary Catchment in Shetrunji River Basin

Water is the elixir of life. By design it is perfect The most essential element of life. As water is becoming scarce commodity, its preservation and conservation has become the most important aspect in relation to the water resources development planning. Rainfall is basic input to the hydrologic cycle. Its variation and distribution plays important role in hydrological response of the area and keeps special importance in study of hydrology of a river basin. Rainfall studies are of utmost utility for understanding nature & hence the behaviour of climate changes. In the present paper rainfall-runoff is analysed variation pattern at Sanaliya and Talaji rain gauge stations in Shetrunji River Basin. A co-relation is established and conclusions are derived. INTRODUCTION: Shetrunji is a major river basin among 71 river basins of Saurastra region of Gujarat encompassing districts of Bhavnagar, Amreli and Junagadh with 53.44, 45.21 and 1.35% of total area, respectively. Shetrunji River originates from Gir Jungle and flows towards East and confluence with Gulf of Khambhat near Santhrampur port and meets in bay of Khambhat. Its length is 227 km. & 5636 sq.km Catchment area. Talaji, Khari, Shel are right bank tributaries & Gagario, Rajaval, Satali & Kharoare left bank tributaries of Shetrunji river. The Shetrunji basin is located between 21°00’ to 21°47’ North latitude and 70°50’ to 72°10’ East longitude. Gagadio and Talaji are two tributaries in downstream end of it on the right bank of Shetrunji. Sanaliya and Talaja are two rain gauge station sites where rainfall is measured runoff is measured at three gauging sites namely Dhari, Sanaliya and Talaji. Gauging site at Talaji at downstream of other two gauging site so runoff value measured at this site is taken for analysis. As the catchment of Talaji tributary is very small rainfall values of Sanaliya and Talaji rainfall station can be considered as rainfall of the catchment. Geographical Map of Shetrunji Basin Source link of Graphical Map: http://guj-nwrws.gujarat.gov.in/showpage.aspx?contentid=1594&lang=English Station District Tahsil / Taluka Latitude Longitude River Tributary Stream Talaji Bhavnagar Talaja 21020’47” 72001’44” Shetrunji Talaji Shetrunji Sanaliya Amreli Liliya 21030’52” 71026’39” Shetrunji Gagadio Gagadio TABLE: Details of Rain gauge Stations for Analysis of Hydrological Data


INTRODUCTION:
Shetrunji is a major river basin among 71 river basins of Saurastra region of Gujarat encompassing districts of Bhavnagar, Amreli and Junagadh with 53.44, 45.21 and 1.35% of total area, respectively. Shetrunji River originates from Gir Jungle and flows towards East and confluence with Gulf of Khambhat near Santhrampur port and meets in bay of Khambhat. Its length is 227 km. & 5636 sq.km Catchment area. Talaji, Khari, Shel are right bank tributaries & Gagario, Rajaval, Satali & Kharoare left bank tributaries of Shetrunji river.
The Shetrunji basin is located between 21°00' to 21°47' North latitude and 70°50' to 72°10' East longitude. Gagadio and Talaji are two tributaries in downstream end of it on the right bank of Shetrunji. Sanaliya and Talaja are two rain gauge station sites where rainfall is measured runoff is measured at three gauging sites namely Dhari, Sanaliya and Talaji. Gauging site at Talaji at downstream of other two gauging site so runoff value measured at this site is taken for analysis. As the catchment of Talaji tributary is very small rainfall values of Sanaliya and Talaji rainfall station can be considered as rainfall of the catchment.

RELATED THEORETICAL BACKGROUND:
Runoff means draining or flowing off of precipitation/Rainfall from a catchment area through a surface channel. It thus represents the output from the catchment in a given unit of time. Hydrology is a complex science. Range of hydrologic information is too large; hydrologic cycle largely represents movement of water in which various processes like evaporation, infiltration, runoff etc are involved. For a given precipitation, the evapotranspiration, initial loss, infiltration, and detention storage requirements will have to be first satisfied before the commencement of Runoff. Rainfall-runoff analysis is one of the basic steps in design of hydraulic structures and to carry out various hydrological studies. As the parameters involved are natural and may have great degree of heterogeneous behaviour statistics is many times used to evaluate these parameters. The variation and trend depicts many behavioural characteristics of rainfall and runoff. Here pattern and characteristics of rainfall is analysed graphically and also it is checked how it is correlated with runoff.

RESEARCH SCOPE OF ANALYSIS:
In most of the hydrologic studies, the analysis of rainfall and runoff is basic initial step; scope of this kind of analysis is quite large. This analysis not only gives an idea about hydrological characteristic of the Catchment area but it also serves as guideline to carry out further analysis. This kind of Analysis is influenced by Catchment characteristics and Climatic condition. In addition, Following are two Major Scopes of Research: Reviewing and searching literature on rainfall-runoff modelling and characteristics to establish a reliable rainfall-runoff relationship for the catchment of Talaji Tributary of Shetrunji River Basin.
Producing land use map and identifying the land characteristics to assess the impervious surface and depression storage of the catchment area.
[Note: One of the most common methods of analysis, for getting correlation between Runoff and Rainfall, is to fit liner regression line between Runoff and Rainfall and to accept the results if the correlation -coefficient ( r ) is near to unity.]

PROPOSED ANALYSIS:
(Hydrological data and its Graphical Representation) Here the Graphical Representation of Relationship between Runoff and Rainfall shows a good correlation as Coefficient