Comparative study of Sport Achievement Motivation between Tea Garden and Non-Tea Garden Areas Football players (age 14-17) of Darjeeling Hills

The purpose of the present study was to compare the sports achievement motivation between tea garden and non tea garden areas football players aged 14 to 17.To measure the level of sports achievement motivation between the two groups the questionnaire developed by M.L. Kamales was used and these questionnaire were well validated in Indian condition. The subjects of the present study falls under two categories. The first one was the players who reside in the tea garden and their parents are tea garden workers and the second one was from non-tea garden area. The sample size for the present study was 30 players from tea garden area and 30 players from non-tea garden area. Independent t-test was use as statistical technique for comparative analysis. And the level of significant was set at 0.05 level. The result of the present study indicated that there is a statistically significant difference on sport achievement motivation between the two groups. Sport Achievement motivations of tea garden area players were found higher than the players of non-tea garden area


I. Introduction
The aim of modern sport Institutions and competitions are to detect and develop human ability at an early stage of life and channelize it in the right direction to realize the achievements aimed at in particular sport and games. The cultural setting of particular society in both rural and urban areas determines an individual's selection of the games and sport. The success of a sport person depends upon the developments of motivation, neuro-muscular coordination, reaction time, perceptual ability, adequate rest, food, emotional stability and numerous body measurements. Further, in the games and sports, psychological and physiological factors play an important role in determining the performance level (Grange and kerr, 2010;Schilling and Hyashi, 2001).
Moreover, Sport achievement motivation is the tendency to strive for success or the attainment of desired end (Sunita Sharma, 1998).According to Atkinson and Feather (1996) achievement motivation is conceived as a talent disposition which is manifested in overt striving only when the individual perceives performance as instrumental to a sense of personal accomplishment. In a nutshell, achievement motivation is the desire to excel or a desire to achieve success or an endeavor to fulfill personal desires Thus, present study was an attempt to find out the difference of sports achievements motivation between the football players of tea garden areas and non-tea garden areas who had participated in two days selection trial for Sport Authority of India.

II. Method
Considering the population in this investigation to 60 subjects, 30 subjects were from tea garden and 30 subjects from non-tea garden area (age group 14-17) who had come to participate in the two days selection trial for the recruitment of the trainees in Sports Authority of India (SAI),in Lebong, Darjeelingt. The data was collected on all the subjects by administering the M.L Kamalesh Sport Achievement Motivation Questionnaire (SAMT).These questionnaire were well validated in Indian condition. The questionnaire was distributed to the subjects after giving the instructions that they have to follow while to mark their response. Before contacting to the players the consent of coaches were taken.
For analysis and interpretation of the collected data a descriptive statistics were adopted. Independent t-test was use as statistical technique for comparative analysis. And the level of significance was set at 0.05 level. Table 1:

III. Results
Mean and Standard Deviation of sport achievement motivation of Tea garden and Non-Tea Garden young football players of Darjeeling hills.

Groups
Number  Level of significance at 0.05 Table 2 reveals that the obtained 't' value at df 58 is 2.64 which was found to be significant at 0.05 level. And since this value was found higher than the tabulated value 2.00 at 58 df. This shows that there is a statistically significant difference between the means of sports achievement motivation of players residing in tea garden area and non tea garden area. Looking at the result s shown in table 1, it is clear that, tea garden area players have significantly more positive achievement motivation than the players of Non-tea garden area.

IV. Discussion
The findings of the study in sport achievement motivation revealed that the significant difference was found between football players of tea garden area and the non tea garden area of Darjeeling hills.
The result of the present study is also substantiated by the study of Pradeep kumar, Arun singh and et.al. (2012) in which they have found that there is a significant difference in sports achievement motivation between the higher level income group and the average level income group .Further, they said that an individual's socio-economic status may influence his choice of activity, in which he take part effectively and performed the skills with a high level of motivation. The findings may be attributed to the fact that achievement motivation refers to a person's efforts to master a task, achieve excellence, overcome obstacles, perform better than other and pride in exercising talent (Weinberg and Gould).
Higher achievement motivation of football players residing in tea garden areas may be because; they take part in competition or in any selection trial with a motive to get better opportunity to excel themselves in their performance and to fulfill their personal accomplishment. The motive to get better opportunity among tea garden area's football players may be due to lack of opportunities in their localities and their poor socio-economic back ground, as the annual income of the tea garden residents falls below 2000 rupees and perhaps the motive to get better opportunity is based on the feeling of need-achievement. Need achievement is a desire to attain highest level of fulfillment in situation which is perceived as potentially challenging and satisfying (vikram singh 2012).And, hence, high achievement motivation is a dominant quality found in tea garden area's players, which basically play a significant role in sustaining repeated effort and desire to achieve highest level of personal and professional fulfillments.
However, unfortunately the body or physique of players from tea garden areas did not work well while their mind were working at the highest level because most of them were not chosen in the said selection trail for SAI, they fall out of the purview from both the selection committee and selection norms, as because their physique were not inclined with the national and international players. Although from appearance their heights were acceptable but their muscles were too weak to be developed. This may be because of not having daily required calories and protein rich diet. This is, perhaps, may be because of hilly region and non-agricultural land where the price of commodities are higher than other part of the country, and, perhaps, this made the parents of those children of tea garden areas difficult to manage protein rich diet. And, despite having high sport achievement motivation of tea garden football players, they may not go up to the higher level of performance and achievement due to the lack of their bodily and nutritional support. Therefore, to take part in any sports activities by the children of tea garden areas have become a big challenge and struggle for their parents as well as new talents search machines. And, indeed, sports achievement and performance are determined by a sound combination of physiological, nutritional and psychological factors.

Conclusion
On the basis of the result obtained from the present study, it may be concluded that the young football players of tea garden areas have significantly higher sport achievement motivation than the players from non-tea garden areas.