Portrait of Deradicalization in Indonesia: Has Pancasila Been Considered Effective?

: In discussing this journal, we will discuss Pancasila values related to deradicalization so that the understanding of radicalism in Indonesia can be reduced. Cases of radicalism in Indonesia itself have been increasing lately, this can be proven by the existence of news reports about terrorists carrying out their actions and also the number of suspected terrorists who have been arrested by the police. This happened because radicalism began to spread rapidly and many people did not apply Pancasila values in the life of society, nation and state. The lack of public understanding of Pancasila values and a weak attitude of nationalism has resulted in increased incidents of violence, persecution and radical acts in the name of religion. Therefore, the government must always be active in eradicating radicalism and deradicalization in order to create a harmonious, peaceful, safe and secure life in our beloved homeland.


I. INTRODUCTION
Pancasila is the basis of the state in various aspects of national and state life. This is because it has an open ideology that means a view that can keep up with the times, dynamic, open thinking, and the result of the agreement of its citizens. Pancasila must bestudied deductively in order to realize pancasila in the life of the nation and state. As a first step to anticipate and stem the development of radicalization in the era of globalization, the Indonesian people should hope that in the future they can continue to survive until the future, citizens must be directed and consistently given socialization Radicalism is an understanding made by a group of sects that want drastic social or political change or renewal by using violent means to achieve changes in political conditions. Meanwhile, in the nature of the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), Radicalism is an understanding or flow that wants social and political change or renewal by violent or drastic means, extreme attitudes in the political stream. 2 Acts of violence in the name of religion are increasingly troubling all citizens. This action makes the security forces and police need to be more vigilant in anticipating the spread, terror and radicalism that is increasingly widespread, causing this country to lose the value of pancasila in the existence of the nation and state. This is a major issue that comes to the fore as the spread of extremist thought continues to grow rapidly, this reality must be faced decisively to curb the spread of revolutionary thought. 3

II. METHOD
In this study, author used a research method type Literature review.
Quoted from Syafnidawaty (2020) according to Yudi Agusta (2007) Literature Review is a critical analysis of research that is being carried out on a special topic or in the form of questions on a part of science.
Literature Review helps us in compiling a thinking framework that is in accordance with previous theories, findings, and research results in solving problem formulations in the research we make.
Literarature review is a research method that contains a collection of theories, discoveries, and research materials from other research that will be used as a reference from current research. The description is expected to better explain the framework of thinking about the problem that has been explained in the problem formulation.
Literature research is carried out to find out what research has been done and that has elements of similarity in current research. This method is carried out by using the means of research materials carried out reading, understanding, criticizing and reviewing from these sources.
This literarure review contains arguments, summaries, and speculations from the author about several library sources. The results of research carried out by other researchers can be included as a comparison of the views that will be written by researchers in this study. All arguments that do not come from the author must be mentioned where the source of the argument comes from, and the systematics that is focused on the source of the library follows the established rules.

III. EXPLANATION OF TERRORISM & RADICALISM
The words "terrorist" (perpetrator) and terrorism (action) come from the Latin word "terrere" which more or less means to make a tremor or vibrate, and the word terror can also cause horror. And in the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), terror is an attempt to create fear, horror, and cruelty by a person or group; and terrorism, namely the use of violence to cause fear in an effort to achieve goals (especially political goals) (Isnawan, 2018 The definition of radicalism in the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) site has three meanings. Radicalism is a radical sect or stream in politics, or an extreme sikap in the political stream. In addition, another definition of radicalism is an understanding or flow that wants social and political change or renewal in a phased or drastic way (Rosmha Widiyani, 2020).
The word radicalization is widely used to describe the process by which people change their perspective on the world from a "normal" state of society to a "frightening" society. Sometimes, these people then insert themselves into the next phase to commit acts of violence.
Radicalization is not only driven by one view but on the other hand is also influenced by something else.
The historical background of brutality and radicalism is often in the name of religion. This is justifiable given that religion has enormous power, which transcendspolitical, social, and cultural issues. In the name of religion, it was at this time that radicalism was perpetuatedin various actions. Starting from considering people who disagree are infidels (takfi'r) to committing acts of assassination against enemies who do not agree with him.

IV. FACTORS CAUSING RADICALISM
The fact that exists cannot be concealed that narrow, rigid, fanatical, and harsh understandings, for example among Salafi Jihadist groups and their alliances, have triggering factors that make them radical and at the same time ultra-revolutionist, which include:

Government Factors
The failure of the government to act to improve the situation is the result of growing disillusionment and anger from a particular individual or group due to the ideological, religiousand monetary dominai of a large country. For this situation, the elites of public authority have not or cannot find the underlying drivers for the emergence of demonstrations of atrocities (radicalism) with the aim of not being able to defeat the social problems seen by the individual. In addition, the factor of the Western mass media (press) constantly cornering Muslims is also a factor in the development of heinous responses by Muslims. Publicity through the press has enormous power and is very difficult to oppose, so there are "extremes" in particular extremist behavior in response to what is actually negated on muslim groups.

Psychological Factors
Through radical and aggressive efficacy, which in political psychology or social movements, a person feels that he is important, has the ability, and means to do something that is expected. There is optimism there which is the psychological driving force of an action, which in its political context is used as the context of Islamist activity (Islamic movements -the Islamists In addition, there are other factors that cause radicalism, these factors include:

Internal Factors
The internal factor in question is the authenticity of religious writings, in carrying out resistance they often use the authenticity of the content as an aid. For example, the development of "Islamic fanaticism" that spread almost throughout the Islamic region (including Indonesia) also used Islamic writings (Qur'an, hadith and traditional sources -the yellow book) as an excuse for philosophical authenticity, given the fact that in reality these writings are literally steady from this mentality of exclusivism and radicalism. Another internal factor is that the movement has experienced deep discontent for not being able to achieve the ideal of establishing a "global Islamic state" so that it is resolved anarchically, bombarding public offices and terrorism.
It must be admitted that one of the causes of the development of radicalism is the factor of religious sentiments, including religious solidarity for friends persecuted by certain forces. After all, this is more precisely said to be a factor of religious emotions, and not religion. This happened at a meeting held by the Israeli territories against the Palestinians, this incident triggered radical activities among Muslims towards Israel, specifically wanting Israel not to carry out import exports.

External Factors
The

2) Cultural factors
This factor underscores the western culture that governs life today.
A way of life of secularism that is seen as an ordinary enemyl uar that must be eliminated from the face of the earth

3) Social Factors
Among the factors for the emergence of distorted understanding is the existence of conflict conditions that often occur in society. The large number of things that attracted the attention of the masses that led to anarchist actions, eventually gave birth to the antipathy of a group of people to be divorced from society. At first, this attitude of parting with society was intended to avoid chaos. But over time this attitude turned into an attitude of antipathy and hostility to society itself. If this group of people gathers together or is deliberately collected, it will be very easy to use for certain interests. In splinter religious movements, they usually prefer to make the views of figures or clerics harsh and critical of the government. Because they assume, groups of clerics who hold moderate views have co-opted and conspired with the ruler. So that the moderate teachings of Islam and the grace of lil alamin they did not take away and even kept away and they preferred a harsh understanding of the critical cleric. From here on, the hardline thinking of Islam is actually very small, and does not reflect the true face of Islam. But his reckless and uncontrolled movements and actions made the face of moderate Islam and majoriats seem to be closed and lost.

4) Sociopolitical factors
A government that is not firm in controlling terrorism can also be used as one of the components that is still not under control. and the later caliphs who held the motto that: "Verily we judge you by the power of Allah." Therefore, they inevitably had to divert internal conflicts towards external territory in the name of jihad.11

5) Historical Factors
In the tradition of Islamic kingdoms in Indonesia, there are also various theological terms or titles given to a king or sultan, such as the title zhillulah fi al-ardh, so that the king is considered to have divine legitimacy to determine or enact political laws and policies.
The existence of radicalism cannot be separated from the various factors behind it. One of the main causes of religious radicalism is the understanding of religion itself.
This radical group then brings its own understanding to society and seeks to articulate and implement it in the forms of radical changes to the socio-religious order, such as Islamized culture, as well as political and legal orders such as projections of the Islamic state, Islamic sharia, Islamic economy and so on that smell of Islam. Some of these attitudes are tolerable and justified in a democratic vein, but this excessive spirit is more destructive and unjustified. Furthermore, to be able to realize these ideals, the spread of radicalism utilizes a number of existing media, both through political movements, and civil society movements (Isnawan, 2018).

PREVENTING RADICALISM & TERRORISM
In preventing the development of radicalism, efforts are needed that touch all parts of the existence of the nation and state, radicalism is currently not an environmental issue but a public and global issue. In the renewal period, the quality of Pancasila that has begun to be abandoned by society must be revived, while all types of radicalism itself must be de-radicalized. The main deradicalization that must be possible is through the implementation of Pancasila values as a whole, starting from the stage of socialization, understanding, implementation to the realization of Pancasila. With the approval, passion, implementation and completion of Pancasila, violent radicalism will be erased, arguing that radicalism is not a quality that actually comes from Indonesian socio-cultural interactions.  The technique of deradicalization as a "temporary diversion" is honestly inadequate in reducing the demonstrations of radicalism, the development of fear and the demonstration of atrocities for the sake of religion are still normal. Therefore, the incorporation of the implementation of Pancasila values into deradicalization techniques is very important, since it will touch the degree of quality, the standard of behavior of a person who will then give a multiplier.
impact in recognition of a protected, serene and serene society.
Pancasila values strive to relent, become certain individuals who know their personality and disposition as an Indonesian state, cling to the philosophy of Pancasila as a living belief system and work philosophy, with the aim that they become a sane society in the face of every difficulty of the developing era. The extreme philosophy that occurs today makes the individual "urgent" and unreasonable in reacting to opportunity, the undeniably intense competition between people, associations and the state tends in a destructive and counterbeneficial way, so no, at this point. The competition points votes to win impact around the world, but the competition is one-sided by creating a chaotic state that is then fraught with extremist qualities. b. The second precept, Just and Civilized Humanity. This second precept emphasizes that every citizen should always respect the dignity and dignity of others, should not do despicable insults or even commit threats or terror. Human dignity and dignity must be upheld in a just and civilized manner. Recognition of the dignity and dignity of humanity is equal position and degree.

Perpetrators
Love each other's fellow human beings.
c. The third precept, efforts to knit a sense of nationality and how to overcome the problem of terrorism must be strengthened again by implementing the third precept of pancasila in the life of the nation and state, so that acts of terrorism can be overcome by using an understanding of the third precept, namely promoting a sense of common nationality for unity and unity among Indonesian citizens.
Thus, in the midst of the outbreak of acts of terrorism and radicalism, the government and the police must be able to prevent the perpetrators of the bunu h self bomb. Therefore, at this time the Indonesian nation has to do a lot of socialization as well as passion and practice of pancasila values, fostering the values of a sense of nationality and a sense of Indonesian citizenship must be used as a way to break the chain of acts of terrorism (Isnawan, 2018).

VI. CONCLUSION
Terrorism is an act that is very detrimental to both Indonesian citizens and the state. Many factors that cause radicalism still exist today.
These factors can be caused by internal problems as well as external problems of each human being. In addition, there is another factor, namely the factor of religious education. A religious understanding