The Trans-Pacific Partnership: Should We “Fear the Fear”?; Comment on “The Trans-Pacific Partnership: Is It Everything We Feared for Health?”

Document Type : Commentary

Authors

Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK

Abstract

RLabonté et al entitle their paper in this issue of the International Journal of Health Policy and Management “The Trans-Pacific Partnership: Is It Everything We Feared for Health?” Tantalisingly, they do not directly answer the question they pose, and in this commentary, we suggest that it is the wrong question; we should not ‘fear’ the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) at all, rather we should ask how we are to respond. The public health community is right to be concerned with the potential implications of trade and investment agreements (TIAs) for health, particularly with shifts from multilateral to regional/bilateral agreements including provisions with greater risk to public health. But it is critical to understand also the potential health benefits, and especially the mitigating policy and governance mechanisms to respond to adverse TIA implications. Given entrenched and divergent sectoral worldviews and perspectives between trade and health communities on these issues, achieving the requisite understanding will also likely require characterisation of these perspectives and identification of areas of common understanding and agreed solutions

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. Labonté R, Schram A, Ruckert A. The Trans-Pacific Partnership: Is it everything we feared for health? Int J Health Policy Manag. 2016;5(8):487-496. doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2016.41
  2. Ma J, Lu Y. Free trade or protection: a literature review on trade barriers. Research in World Economy. 2011;2(1):69-76. doi:10.5430/rwe.v2n169
  3. Gomes L. The Economics and Ideology of Free Trade: An Historical Review. Edward Elgar Publishing; 2003.
  4. Dollar D, Kraay A. Growth Is Good for the Poor. Washington,  DC: World Bank; 2002.
  5. McCaig B. Exporting out of poverty: provincial poverty in Vietnam and U.S. market access. J Int Econ. 2011;85(1):102-113.
  6. Blouin C, Drager N, Smith R. International Trade in Health Services and the GATS: Current Issues and Debates. Washington DC: World Bank; 2006.
  7. Smith R, Chanda R, Tangcharoensathien V. Trade in health-related services. Lancet. 2009;373(9663):593-601. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61778-x
  8. Smith R, Correa C, Oh C. Trade. TRIPS and pharmaceuticals. Lancet. 2009;373:684-691. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61779-1
  9. Smith R, Lee K, Drager N. Trade and health: An agenda for action. Lancet. 2009;373:768-773. 10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61780-8
  10. Hawkins B, Holden C. A corporate veto on health policy? Global constitutionalism and investor-state dispute settlement. J Health Polit Policy Law. 2016;41(5):969-995. doi:10.1215/03616878-3632203
  11. Walls H, Baker P, Smith R. Moving towards policy coherence in trade and health. J Public Health Policy. 2015;36(4):491-501. doi:10.1057/jphp.2015.23
  12. Thow AM, Snowdon W, Labonté R, et al. Will the next generation of preferential trade and investment agreements undermine prevention of noncommunicable diseases? A prospective policy analysis of the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement. Health Policy.119(1):88-96. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2014.08.002
  13. Weiss M, Middleton J, Schrecker T. Warning: TTIP could be hazardous to your health. J Public Health. 2015;37(3):367-369. doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdv109
  14. Baker B. Threat of pharmaceutical-related IP investment rights in the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement: an Eli Lilly v. Canada case study. Investment Treaty News. 2013.
  15. Fooks G, Gilmore A. International trade law, plain packaging and tobacco industry political activity: the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Tob Control. 2014;23:e1. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050869
  16. Hilary J. The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership and UK healthcare. BMJ. 2014;349:g6552. doi:10.1136/bmj.g6552
  17. Sell S. TRIPS-plus free trade agreements and access to medicines. Liverpool Law Review. 2007;28(1):41-75. doi:10.1007/s10991-007-9011-8
  18. Hawkes C. Enhancing Coherence between Trade Policy and Nutrition Action: Implementing the Framework for Action of the Second International Conference on Nutrition. http://www.unscn.org/files/ICN2_TPM/UNSCN_Discussion_Paper_1_Trade_and_Nutrition_2015rev_en.pdf. Published 2015.
  19. Schram A, Labonté R, Baker P, Friel S, Reeves A, Stuckler D. The role of trade and investment liberalization in the sugar-sweetened carbonated beverages market: a natural experiment contrasting Vietnam and the Philippines. Glob Health. 2015;11:41.
  20. Baker P, Friel S, Schram A, Labonté R. Trade and investment liberalization, food systems change and highly processed food consumption: a natural experiment contrasting the soft-drink markets of Peru and Bolivia. Glob Health. 2016;12(1):24. doi:10.1186/s12992-016-0161-0
  21. Blouin C, Chopra M, van der Hoeven R. Trade and social determinants of health. Lancet. 2009;373:502–507. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61777-8
  22. Hawkes C, Blouin C, Henson S, Drager N, Dube L. Trade, Food, Diet and Health: Perspectives and Policy Options. Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.
  23. McCorriston S, Hemming D, Lamontagne-Godwin J, Osborn J, Parr M, Roberts P. What is the evidence of the impact of agricultural liberalisation on food securoty in developing countries? A systematic review. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London; 2013.
  24. Friel S, Hattersley L, Snowdon W, et al. Monitoring the impacts of trade agreements on food environments. Obes Rev. 2013;14(S1):120-134.
  25. Godfray H, Beddington J, Crute I, et al. Food security: The challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science. 2010;327:812-818. doi:10.1126/science.1185383
  26. Allouche  J. The sustainability and resilience of global water and food systems: Political analysis of the interplay between security, resource scarcity, political systems and global trade Food Policy. 2011;36(1):S3-S8. doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.11.013
  27. Remans R, Wood S, Saha N, Anderman T, DeFries R. Measuring nutritional diversity of national food supplies. Glob Food Sec. 2013;3(3-4):174-182.
  28. Walls H, Smith R. Rethinking governance for trade and health. Br Med J. 2015;351:h3652.
  • Receive Date: 13 August 2016
  • Revise Date: 19 October 2016
  • Accept Date: 15 October 2016
  • First Publish Date: 01 June 2017