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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter August 17, 2016

A critical review of bioelectrochemical membrane reactor (BECMR) as cutting-edge sustainable wastewater treatment

  • Pranav H. Nakhate , Nandkumar T. Joshi and Kumudini V. Marathe EMAIL logo

Abstract

Reclamation of wastewater along with minimum energy utilization has been the paramount concern today. Tremendous industrialization and corresponding demographic resulted in elevated water and energy demand; however, scarcity of sufficient water and energy resource triggers rigorous research for sustainable water treatment technology. Recent technologies like activated sludge, filtration, adsorption, coagulation, and oxidation have been considered as promising sustainable technologies, but high cost, low efficiency, and efficacy are the major concerns so far. Wastewater is food for billions of bacteria, where some exceptional bacterial species have the ability to transport electrons that are produced during metabolism to outside the cell membrane. Indeed, wastewater can itself be considered as a prominent candidate to resolve the problem of sustainability. Bioelectrochemical membrane reactor is a promising technology, which is an integration of microbial fuel cell (MFC) to membrane bioreactor (MBR). It promises the benefit of harvesting electricity while biologically treating any type of wastewater to the highest extent while passing wastewater through anaerobic, aerobic, and integrated membrane compartments in successive manner. In this review, we provide critical rethinking to take this idea of integration of MFC-MBR and apply them to produce a fully functional prototype of bioelectrochemical membrane reactor that could be used commercially.

Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge University Grant Commission (UGC) Gov. of India for availing financial support under the scheme F.25-1/2014-15 (BSR)/No. F.5-64/2007 (BSR) and M/s. Trans Thane Creek Waste Management Association (TTCWMA), Mahape, Mumbai, for their partial financial assistance of the project.

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Received: 2016-2-29
Accepted: 2016-6-9
Published Online: 2016-8-17
Published in Print: 2017-4-1

©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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