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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter August 29, 2017

Endocrine and autocrine/paracrine modulators of brown adipose tissue mass and activity as novel therapeutic strategies against obesity and type 2 diabetes

  • Marcel Scheideler , Stephan Herzig and Anastasia Georgiadi EMAIL logo

Abstract

The dramatically increasing world-wide prevalence of obesity is recognized as a risk factor for the development of various diseases. The growing research on the role of adipose tissue in controlling energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity has revealed that the promotion of brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity and the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) leads to multiple health benefits and prevents obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Inducible thermogenic adipocytes do exist in adult humans and are linked with increased energy combustion and lower body fat mass. Thus brown adipocytes are currently placed at the center of attention for novel therapeutic strategies against metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Besides the classical, norepinephrine-mediated sympathetic recruitment and activation of thermogenic adipocytes, a number of novel circulating factors have been recently identified to have a positive or negative impact on thermogenic adipocyte formation and activity. In this review their mechanism of action and the plausible therapeutic applications will be summarized and discussed.

Author Statement

  1. Research funding: This work was supported by the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) and the European Training Network TRAIN (grant no. 721532).

  2. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests, including all financial and non-financial interests.

  3. Informed consent: Informed consent is not applicable.

  4. Ethical approval: The conducted research is not related to either human or animals use.

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Received: 2017-6-15
Accepted: 2017-7-28
Published Online: 2017-8-29

©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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